I made a few changes -- give this a try:
let app=SpreadsheetApp;
let spreadsheet=app.getActiveSpreadsheet();
let sheet=spreadsheet.getSheetByName("BDCLIENTES");
let db=spreadsheet.getSheetByName("listcod");
let ui=app.getUi();
function onEdit(e)
{
if(e.range.getColumn() == 27 && e.source.getActiveSheet().getName() == 'BDCLIENTES'){
if(e.value != undefined){
setValidation(e)
}else{
clearValidation(e);
}
}
}
function setValidation(e)
{
let cell = sheet.getRange(`AB${e.range.getRow()}`);
const range=db.getRange('A1:F1');
const rule = app.newDataValidation().requireValueInRange(range).build();
cell.setDataValidation(rule);
SpreadsheetApp.flush();
}
function clearValidation(e)
{
let cell = sheet.getRange(`AB${e.range.getRow()}`);
cell.setDataValidation(null);
cell.clear();
SpreadsheetApp.flush();
}