Same here, seems like CloudFlare Origin certificates are not publicly trusted, this may be the issue.
CF support encourages to contact Google.
Update:
Bundling, i.e. "appending the appropriate root to your certificate and re-uploading" (Patrick) CloudFlare CA root Cert and Public certificates together does not help.
Same error message from Google App Engine: "The SSL certificate provided could not be inserted."
CloudFlare PM here for Origin CA. A few comments/questions:
At the present time, Google App Engine only allows the uploading of certificates that are either self-signed or are signed by a publicly trusted certificate authority (CA).
CloudFlare's CA for origin certificates is not publicly trusted, so Google App Engine currently returns an error when an Origin CA certificate is uploaded: "The SSL certificate provided could not be inserted."
We've reached out to Google regarding this policy decision and will update this article if the behavior changes.