Interesting Verbs

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Golden Bay

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May 5, 2006, 2:39:49 AM5/5/06
to Golden Bay
最近有一条非常流行的广告语"I chocolate
you!"来自LG的一款手机(KG90)广告,这里的chocolate的用法是一个富有创意的coinage,大致可以理解为I
make your life
sweet。其实在英文中,名词如用作动词的情况并不鲜见,可以说是现代英语使用法的一种倾向,比如:
Do you know how to service this new-type machine?
你知道怎样维修这种新型的机器吗?
Service的一条名词含义为maintenace,这里当动词用,即为maintain的意思。
又如:
to paper one's room; to bottle the fruit; to bandage up a wound; to oil
a machine; to position a factory near the town; to pressure him to do
so等等。然而,某些名词作动词使用时,与其动词形式的涵义会有所不同,就必须注意,试对比下列各组词的不同涵义:
to power 为...提供动力
to empower 为...授与权力

to site 为...提供场所
to situate 位于; 处于

to package 给...打包装箱(美语)
to pack 给...包装

to loan 贷款
to lend 出借;出租

to decision 根据积分评定
to decide 决定;判决

应当指出的是,名词如用作动词时必须要符合一条准则,那就是在找不到适当的动词表示涵义时,才用名词作动词,否则就是滥用。因此,以to
message代替to send a message to;用to bill替代to charge to one's
account;以to signature代替to sign或用
to suspicion去替代to suspect等是不妥当的。
然而,我们又应该注意到,现代英语中把名词作为动词使用的现象是很普遍的,而且有日渐增多的倾向。下面是一些从英美书刊中信手拈来的例子:
Mr. Smith has authored (=written) a book on cooking.
You must pressure (=force) him to do it.
Her dress is patterned upon (=made from) a Paris model.
Dick is the man who used to partner Mary.
Opposition to the war snowballed.
We shall book through to Hong Kong.
Don't fool away your time, my boy!
Mr. Smith noons for half an hour every day.
当然也有很多自古以来就有的用法,比如:
They have husbanded their farms very well.
He cupped his cold hands round the cup of hot chocolate.
Life got hard for my dog when he went blind, but he just soldiered on
and never complained.
不难看出,名词作动词可以带来一种新鲜感和地道的语言味道。

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