The way OpenGL is defined, an application uses a OpenGL client library which implements the OpenGL API to talk to a OpenGL server which does the rendering of your commands. However, the interface between the "client" and "server" part of OpenGL is not specified, and unless you are using an unusual setup where your OpenGL commands are being sent over the network to be rendered on a separate computer, the graphics card driver can be seen as implementing both the client and server parts in one blob.
OpenGL is a C standard, all OpenGL implementations only have C interfaces.
If you somehow want to be more low level than talking to those via CGO, you have to implement you own OpenGL-like graphics driver in Go.
Sounds like an interesting project :)