runtime/debug.ReadBuildInfo is a good source of truth:
$ strings bin/godeb|grep '^build\s'
build -buildmode=exe
build -compiler=gc
build DefaultGODEBUG=httplaxcontentlength=1,httpmuxgo121=1,panicnil=1,tls10server=1,tlsrsakex=1,tlsunsafeekm=1
build CGO_ENABLED=1
build CGO_CFLAGS=
build CGO_CPPFLAGS=
build CGO_CXXFLAGS=
build CGO_LDFLAGS=
build GOARCH=amd64
build GOOS=linux
build GOAMD64=v1
build -buildmode=exe
build -compiler=gc
build DefaultGODEBUG=httplaxcontentlength=1,httpmuxgo121=1,panicnil=1,tls10server=1,tlsrsakex=1,tlsunsafeekm=1
build CGO_ENABLED=1
build CGO_CFLAGS=
build CGO_CPPFLAGS=
build CGO_CXXFLAGS=
build CGO_LDFLAGS=
build GOARCH=amd64
build GOOS=linux
build GOAMD64=v1