I'm not sure what you mean by "fits the Go environment", but PostgreSQL is very reliable and could easily hold protobufs in the BYTEA type, or of course the JSON representation in the JSONB type. The lib/pq [1] driver is very good.
I tend to think that choosing a niche database for a specific serialization format is a bad idea; instead think about your application and what you care about (speed, reliability, etc.), and about the general type of data you'll be storing (is it time series, highly relational, etc.) then pick something that's well tested and proven which meets your criteria.
—Sam
[1]:
https://godoc.org/github.com/lib/pq