Hi Josef,
About Python, I don’t personally have experience using it with GMAT. The usual method would involve using Python to write or edit a GMAT script, then running the GMAT executable with the script file as input (for example using os.execl()).
There’s actually support in the SVN repository for a limited C interface that will let you run a script or use GMAT’s force models with your own integrator. This could be used from Python’s ctypes library, perhaps. The API is here: http://gmat.sourceforge.net/doc/nightly/capi/_c_interface_functions_8h.html. It’s not documented from a user perspective, so let me know if you’re interested in this option and I’ll give some advice.
The 2GB repo size is mostly because of large data files in the trunk/moredata directory. At the very least, you’ll need trunk/application, trunk/build, and trunk/src build a working copy (plus some external libs). We have some VS2010 instructions here that may be of help on other platforms as well: http://gmatplugins.sourceforge.net/blog/?page_id=46.
Good luck!
- Joel