A claymore (/ˈkleɪmɔːr/; from Scottish Gaelic: claidheamh-mòr, "great sword")[1] is either the Scottish variant of the late medieval two-handed sword or the Scottish variant of the basket-hilted sword. The former is characterised as having a cross hilt of forward-sloping quillons with quatrefoil terminations and was in use from the 15th to 17th centuries.
The word claymore was first used in reference to basket-hilted swords during the 18th century in Scotland and parts of England.[2] This description was maybe not used during the 17th century, when basket-hilted swords were the primary military swords across Europe, but these basket-hilted, broad-bladed, swords remained in service with officers of Scottish regiments into the 21st century. After the Acts of Union in 1707 when Scottish and English regiments were integrated together, the swords were seen as a mark of distinction by Scottish officers over the more slender sabres used by their English contemporaries: a symbol of physical strength and prowess, and a link to the historic Highland way of life.
The term claymore is an anglicisation of the Gaelic claidheamh mór "big/great sword", attested in 1772 (as Cly-more) with the gloss "great two-handed sword".[3] The sense "basket-hilted sword" is contemporaneous, attested in 1773 as "the broad-sword now used ... called the Claymore, (i.e., the great sword)",[4] although OED observes that this usage is "inexact, but very common". The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica likewise judged that the term is "wrongly" applied to the basket-hilted sword.[5]
Countering this view, Paul Wagner and Christopher Thompson argue that the term "claymore" was applied first to the basket-hilted broadsword, and then to all Scottish swords. They provide quotations that are earlier than those given above in support of its use to refer to a basket-hilted broadsword and targe: "a strong handsome target, with a sharp pointed steel, of above half an ell in length, screw'd into the navel of it, on his left arm, a sturdy claymore by his side" (1715 pamphlet). They also note its use as a battle-cry as early as 1678.[6] Some authors suggest that claybeg should be used instead, from a purported Gaelic claidheamh beag "small sword".[7] This does not parallel Scottish Gaelic usage. According to the Gaelic Dictionary by R. A. Armstrong (1825), claidheamh mòr "big/great sword" translates to "broadsword", and claidheamh dà làimh to "two-handed sword", while claidheamh beag "small sword" is given as a translation of "Bilbo".[8]
The average claymore ran about 140 cm (55 in) in overall length, with a 33 cm (13 in) grip, 107 cm (42 in) blade, and a weight of approximately 5.5 pounds (2.5 kg). For instance, in 1772 Thomas Pennant described a sword seen on his visit to Raasay as: "an unwieldy weapon, two inches broad (2 in (51 mm)), doubly edged; the length of the blade three feet seven inches (3 ft 7 in (1.09 m)); of the handle, fourteen inches (14 in (360 mm)); of a plain transverse guard, one foot (1 ft (0.30 m)); the weight six pounds and a half (6 lb 8 oz (2.9 kg))."[12]
Fairly uniform in style, the sword was set with a wheel pommel often capped by a crescent-shaped nut and a guard with straight, forward-sloping arms ending in quatrefoils, and langets running down the centre of the blade from the guard.[citation needed] Another common style of two-handed claymore (though lesser known today) was the "clamshell hilted" claymore. It had a crossguard that consisted of two downward-curving arms and two large, round, concave plates that protected the foregrip. It was so named because the round guards resembled an open clam.[citation needed]
The series is set on a fictional medieval island where humans are plagued by Yoma (妖魔), humanoid shape-shifters that feed on humans. A mysterious group, known as The Organization, creates human-Yoma hybrids to kill Yoma for a fee. These female warriors wear armored uniforms. The public refer to them as "Claymores", alluding to their claymore swords,[4] or "Silver-eyed Witches", due to their silver eyes.[5]
The Organization takes in young girls, typically orphans, abandoned children, and survivors of Yoma attacks - though they may also purchase them from their families or villages if they possess a desirable quality - and embed Yoma flesh and blood into their bodies through an incision made from the throat to the mons pubis. This incision never heals. The incision is held together through a series of stitches throughout the life of the claymore. The transformation is extremely painful, as long as the transplant does not adapt to the human body. Side effects include loss of pigment in the hair, skin and eyes, resulting in all Claymores having silver eyes, pale unblemished skin and light to silvery blonde hair. A few also develop pointed, elf-like ears. It may also be possible that hair growth is stemmed after the creation of a claymore, as suggested in chapter 77.2 (volume 14) where Clare has her hair intentionally cut off in order to slay a yoma with her hair resembling her modern appearance afterward, although Irene's hair seemed longer after her desertion from the Organization.
Claymore warriors possess physical strength, agility, and reflexes far greater than that of an average human being, allowing them to wield their exceedingly heavy claymore swords as both single-handed and two-handed weapons easily, move incredibly fast and perform acrobatic maneuvers with perfect grace.
The claymore, which has this very distinctive form of hilt and guard, was used in Scotland, its name said to be derived from the Gaelic for great sword, claidheamh-mor. The claymore became well known through the writings of Sir Walter Scott in the 19th century and became, along with the kilt, very strongly associated with the rise in Scottish romanticism.This, very characteristic, example has the name AFORBES (with the F the wrong way round) on one side of the blade, probably the name of a former owner.
This is a rare complete example of the classic form of two-handed sword used in the Scottish Highlands, called a claymore (literally, "great sword"). The term is also applied to the basket-hilted sword characteristic of Scotland from at least the eighteenth century onward.
The whole regiment carried claymores in addition to their muskets, and to these weapons every soldier added, if he chose, a dirk, skene, pair of pistols, and target, in the fashion of the Highlands; thus our front rank men were usually as fully equipped as any that stepped on the muir of Culloden.[8]
Although there is a romantic notion that the Highlander armed with a claymore would in fact have a two-handed sword, this is wrong. The two-handed swords were more popular in Scotland before the basket-hilted broadsword became ubiquitous; as the broadsword developed in popularity, the popularity of the two-handed sword waned. By the time of the Jacobite uprisings, the two-handed sword was a rare sight on the battlefield.
The Claymore is unlocked via the perk Claymore x2 at level 23 and can be used to defend a position from enemy assault. Claymores are mostly used when a player stays in one area and wants to protect themselves. Upon spawning, the player is stocked with two claymores. The amount of damage delivered by the claymore increases with the Sonic Boom perk, as it increases the damage of all explosive weapons damage.
The Claymore makes a return in Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2, however, it is available as an equipment instead of as a perk. Players only receive one in the beginning of a match, however, the player can resupply them with the Scavenger and One Man Army perks, although the player can only place two claymores at a time; if a third is placed, the first will explode. If two Claymores are placed so that the laser detectors cross, both will explode.
Claymores only appear in the last section of "The Defector". They are primarily used to defend against the waves of NVA forces at this portion of the game. They can be found on top of a wooden box. The player can carry up to five Claymores before having to pick up more. Once those are placed, more can be collected from the box, the maximum number being 20 claymores.
In Survival Mode, Claymores are purchasable at Level 2 in the Equipment Armory in increments of five. They are useful for protecting flanks as they have high damage. At later rounds on tier 3 and 4 maps, or very, very late rounds on tiers one and two, Claymore Experts will put claymores at flank points across the map.
ClaymoreStarting Ammunition2 (Extinction)Maximum Ammunition5 (Extinction)Claymores were cut from multiplayer,[1] but appear in Call of Duty: Ghosts Extinction mode. They can be found in Search Piles or by a Level 3 Team Explosives or Random Supplies. It should be noted that claymores can damage the drill when they explode, so it is ill advised to place them directly next to the drill.
Just like in previous games, it can be placed at anyplace. The Claymore can be temporarily disabled when under the effects of a Flashbang or a Stun Grenade. With the Engineer (Spotter) perk equipped, players can hack enemy claymores. With the E.O.D. perk equipped, players can survive the blast of an enemy claymore.
Senior Airman Brianna Clay, an Integrated Defense Leadership Course cadre member assigned to the 349th Security Forces Squadron, Travis Air Force Base, California, prepares a practice claymore during a training exercise on May 31, 2023, at Camp James A. Garfield Joint Military Training Center, Ohio. In order to teach combat readiness skills to future Defenders, Clay and fellow IDLC cadre had to be certified on detonating live claymores. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Christina Russo)
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