502 errors like 500 or 503s may occur for jobs submitted to the BigQuery API, suggest temporary server failures which could be related to network connections, etc. As suggested in this article[0], if this error occurs for jobs.insert calls, we recommend retrying the Job. So, from your side, you can implement some form of retry logic whenever such errors are obtained for your Insert Jobs.
To determine exactly what may have caused the error at the time of your reporting, as suggested earlier, you may have to consult with a GCP Support Engineer to work closely with you on your case.
[0]
https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/error-messages#:~:text=about%20data%20consistency.-,jobs.insert%20calls,-If%20you%20receive