Static external IP addresses can be either a regional or global resources. A regional static IP address allows resources of that region or resources of zones within that region to use the IP address. In this case, VM instances and regional forwarding rules can use a regional static IP address.
Global static external IP addresses are available only to global forwarding rules, used for global load balancing. You cannot assign a global IP address to a regional or zonal resource.
That being said, it's not currently possible to convert a regional static IP address to a global static IP address or vice versa. However, a feature request to promote a regional static external IP address to global static IP address has been already filed on GCP public issue tracker. Please don't hesitate to add your email address to CC to get notifications whenever there are any progress updates posted on the thread.