To troubleshoot this issue, we suggest verifying the following:
1.Firewall rules configured in both GCP [1] [2] and on-prem end.
2.You could use MTR [3],[4] for further troubleshooting to find the exact network hop where the packet is dropping.
Furthermore, we recommend consulting this VPN troubleshooting guide as it might provide some additional guidance to isolate the root cause and resolve it accordingly. Note also and per this document about limitations, “Clients with an IP address from the 172.17.0.0/16 range can't connect to Cloud Filestore instances” .
As this is a technical question, and as this forum is meant for general questions about the platform, please post your question at serverfault.com where you have access to a large community of enthusiasts and experts to share ideas with and get support from.