Mexico’s tactic to cut immigration to the US: wear out migrants...AP / El Diario

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Jun 13, 2024, 7:03:28 PMJun 13
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A story from the AP on what happens to migrants sent back multiple times to southern Mexico. Go to link to see full sized photographs. And below from El Diario de Juarez, the story of one man's experience in Mexico.

Mexico’s tactic to cut immigration to the US: wear out migrants
Yeneska Garcia, a Venezuelan migrant, cries into her hands as she eats at the Peace Oasis of the Holy Spirit Amparito shelter in Villahermosa, Mexico, Friday, June 7, 2024. Since the 23-year-old fled Venezuela in January, she trekked days through the jungles of The Darien Gap, narrowly survived being kidnapped by Mexican cartels and waited months for an asylum appointment with the U.S. that never came through. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

Yeneska Garcia, a Venezuelan migrant, cries into her hands as she eats at the Peace Oasis of the Holy Spirit Amparito shelter in Villahermosa, Mexico, Friday, June 7, 2024. Since the 23-year-old fled Venezuela in January, she trekked days through the jungles of The Darien Gap, narrowly survived being kidnapped by Mexican cartels and waited months for an asylum appointment with the U.S. that never came through. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

By  MEGAN JANETSKY and FÉLIX MÁRQUEZ
Updated 3:36 PM MDT, June 11, 2024

VILLAHERMOSA, Mexico (AP) — “Here, again.”

Yeneska García’s face crumbled as she said it, and she pressed her head into her hands.

Since fleeing crisis in Venezuela in January, the 23-year-old had trekked through the Darien Gap jungle dividing Colombia and Panama, narrowly survived being kidnapped by a Mexican cartel and waited months for an asylum appointment with the United States that never came. She finally crossed the U.S.-Mexico border in May, only to have American authorities expel her.

Now she was back in southern Mexico, after Mexican immigration bused her to sweltering Villahermosa and dropped her on the street.

“I would rather cross the Darien Gap 10,000 times than cross Mexico,” García said, sitting in a migrant shelter.

She clutched a crinkled Ziploc bag that held her Venezuelan ID, an inhaler and an apple — her few remaining possessions.

Venezuelan migrant Yeneska Garcia, second from left, sits with other migrants at the Peace Oasis of the Holy Spirit Amparito shelter in Villahermosa, Mexico, Friday, June 7, 2024. "I would rather cross the Darien Gap 10,000 times than cross Mexico once," Garcia said. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

Venezuelan migrant Yeneska Garcia, second from left, sits with other migrants at the Peace Oasis of the Holy Spirit Amparito shelter in Villahermosa, Mexico, Friday, June 7, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

Driven by mounting pressure from the U.S. to block millions of vulnerable people headed north, but lacking the funds to deport them, Mexican authorities are employing a simple but harsh tactic: wearing migrants out until they give up.

That means migrants are churning in limbo here as authorities round them up across the country and dump them in the southern Mexican cities of Villahermosa and Tapachula. Some have been punted back as many as six times.

Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador said Monday that the policy protects migrants.

“We care a lot ... about keeping migrants in the southeast because crossing to the north is very risky,” López Obrador said in his morning press briefing, responding to a question from The Associated Press about busing migrants to southern Mexico.

But the moves have forced migrants, including pregnant women and children, into even more precarious situations. That’s likely to worsen under President Joe Biden’s new asylum restrictions, analysts say.

Mexico’s actions explain a plunge in arrivals to the U.S.-Mexico border, which dropped 40% from an all-time high in December and persisted through the spring. That coincided with an increase in migrants in Mexico without legal permission, data from the country’s immigration agency shows. U.S. officials mostly credit Mexican vigilance around rail yards and highway checkpoints.

Josue Martinez serves juice to migrants during lunch at the Peace Oasis of the Holy Spirit Amparito shelter in Villahermosa, Mexico, Friday, June 7, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

“Mexico is the wall,” said Josue Martínez, a psychologist at Villahermosa’s only migrant shelter, Peace Oasis of the Holy Spirit Amparito, which was bracing for a crush of people under Biden’s measure to halt asylum processing when U.S. officials deem that the southern border is overwhelmed.

The small shelter has been scrambling since Mexico’s government began pushing people back two years ago. Last month, it housed 528 people, up from 85 in May 2022.

“What will we do when even more people arrive?” Martínez said. “Every time the United States does something to reinforce the northern border, we automatically know tons of people are coming to Villahermosa.”

(AP Video/Felix Marquez)

Migrants here walk or take buses north toward Mexico City, where they can request an appointment to seek asylum over U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s app, CBP One. But most never make it far enough north for the app’s location requirement.

Checkpoints dot southern Mexican highways. Armed soldiers pull migrants off buses and round up those walking along roads and in surrounding mountains. Of two dozen migrants interviewed by the AP, all said they were extorted by law enforcement or Mexican migration officials to continue on their journeys. After dishing out hefty sums two or three times, families had nothing. They were then bused back south, where most were left on the streets.

Mexican authorities refer to the temporary detentions as “humanitarian rescues.”

Venezuelan migrant Keilly Bolaños stands outside the bus terminal where she is living with her children and other migrants in Villahermosa, Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. The single mother and her four children have been returned back to southern Mexico six times. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

The Bolaños sisters from Venezuela, Kamila, left, and Brigitte, sleep on the ground outside a bus terminal where they are living with their single mother Keilly and two other siblings, alongside other migrants in Villahermosa, Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. Their mother said she was seeking asylum hoping to treat her her four-year-old daughter, Brigitte, for leukemia, due to lack of access to medical care back in Venezuela. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)
The Bolaños sisters from Venezuela sleep on the ground outside a bus terminal where they are living with their single mother Keilly and two other siblings, alongside other migrants in Villahermosa, Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)
The Bolaños sisters, from Venezuela, sleep on the ground outside the bus terminal where they are living with their single mother Keilly and one other sibling, along with other migrants in Villahermosa, Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. Their mother said that in Mexico's northern state of Juarez she was beaten by the military in front of her children, loaded on a bus for two days, and left in Villahermosa. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)
The Bolaños sisters, from Venezuela, sleep on the ground outside the bus terminal where they are living with their single mother Keilly and one other sibling, along with other migrants in Villahermosa, Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

The Bolaños children, from left, Sebastian, Kamila and Miguel Angel, from Venezuela, watch videos on a mobile phone outside the bus terminal where they are living with their single mother Keilly and one other sibling, along with other migrants in Villahermosa, Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. Their mother was captured in the northern state of Juarez, where she said she was beaten by the military in front of her children, loaded on a bus for two days, and left in Villahermosa. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

The Bolaños children, from Venezuela, watch videos on a mobile phone outside the bus terminal where they are living with their single mother Keilly, and one other sibling, along with other migrants in Villahermosa, Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

But Venezuelan Keilly Bolaños says there is nothing human about them. She and her four children have been sent to southern Mexico six times. The 25-year-old single mother wants asylum so her 4-year-old daughter can get treatment for leukemia, unavailable to her in Venezuela.

Days earlier, she was captured in the northern state of Chihuahua, where she said members of the military beat her in front of her crying children, then loaded them onto a bus for the two-day journey to Villahermosa.

“How can you run when you have four children? You can’t,” Bolaños said.

The family slept on cardboard boxes alongside other migrants outside Villahermosa’s bus terminal. Bruises still lined Bolaños’ legs. Yet she planned to take a seventh swing at heading north. She has nowhere else to go.

“I know that all this struggling will be worth it some day,” she added.

A National Migration Institute agent checks the documents of bus passengers at an immigration checkpoint in Nuevo Teapa, southern Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. Mexico is under pressure from the U.S. to block millions of migrants headed north. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

A National Migration Institute agent checks the documents of bus passengers at an immigration checkpoint in Nuevo Teapa, southern Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

An immigration checkpoint stands in Nuevo Teapa, southern Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. Mexico is under pressure from the U.S. to block millions of migrants headed north. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

An immigration checkpoint stands in Nuevo Teapa, southern Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

A National Guard officer checks a vehicle at the immigration checkpoint in Nuevo Teapa in southern Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

Mexico’s tactics appear to be a way to appease the U.S., which has pressured Latin American nations to help slow migration while failing to overhaul its own immigration system that most Americans agree is broken. Panama’s incoming president has promised to block passage through the Darien Gap, while Biden eased criticisms of El Salvador’s president after he reduced migration.

When Biden announced his new restrictions last week, he said he “drastically” cut migration to the border “due to the arrangement that I’ve reached with President (López) Obrador.” He said he also planned to work with incoming President Claudia Sheinbaum on border issues.

But Michael Shifter, a senior fellow at the Inter-American Dialogue, said such measures are only short-term solutions that don’t address root causes of migration.

“They say this is a regional challenge we all have to face together, which is true,” Shifter said. “The problem is: if the U.S. can’t get its own house in order, that sends a signal to other governments asking: ‘Why should we work with them if the U.S. itself is not capable of dealing with the issue?’”

Some asylum seekers said they were ready to give up on their “American dream,” but can’t leave because they’re cut off from their consulate or are out of money.

After being taken off of a bus, one group of migrants begged authorities to help them get back to Venezuela shortly before being sent back south.

Fabiana Bellizar, a Venezuelan migrant, is detained with other migrants after being removed from a bus, at an immigration checkpoint in La Venta, Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. After being taken off the bus, the group of migrants begged authorities not to release them, but to help them return to Venezuela. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

Fabiana Bellizar, a Venezuelan migrant, is detained with other migrants after being removed from a bus, at an immigration checkpoint in La Venta, Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

“We just want to go to the embassy in Mexico City. To go back to Venezuela,” 30-year-old Fabiana Bellizar told officials, after being returned from northern Mexico a day earlier. “We don’t want to be here anymore.”

They started traveling the same route the next morning.

Others said they would try to find work and a place to sleep in the city before continuing on.

López Obrador on Monday said work is offered to migrants in the south, but the few lucky people face precarious conditions. One migrant was paid $25 a day for 12 hours of work under the beating sun on a mango farm. Another said employers tried to coerce her into sex work.

Others are forced to take more dangerous routes, and into the arms of mafias looking to kidnap migrants.

Honduran migrant Alexander Amador hides on the side of the road from immigration agents in Nuevo Teapa, southern Mexico, late Saturday, June 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)

At the first sign of flashing lights, 27-year-old Honduran Alexander Amador dove behind a tree, scrambling for cover in the shadows cloaking the road between the Mexican states of Veracruz and Tabasco.

Amador and his two travel companions had been walking for 10 hours, running into the jungle to escape authorities trying to scoop them up along the highway. After being returned twice to southern Mexico while traveling by bus, it was the only thing the Hondurans could think of to continue onward.

But they were frightened, both of Mexican law enforcement and cartels. In the past year, security in southern Mexican states such as Tabasco and Chiapas has spiraled as cartels battle for control over lucrative migrant routes.

“Here, you can’t trust anyone. Everything is a danger to you,” Amador said, swinging his backpack over his shoulder and walking into the darkness.

Mexican and U.S. flags decorate the window of a passenger bus that serves southern Mexico that stopped at an immigration checkpoint for inspection in Nuevo Teapa, southern Mexico, Saturday, June 8, 2024. (AP Photo/Felix Marquez)


AND IN JUAREZ....


Juárez Jueves 13 Jun 2024, 13:18
‘Prefiero cruzar la selva 10 veces’
Asegura venezolano que en 100 días de travesía por México ha sufrido dos secuestros, una extorsión, un robo y amenazas
Hérika Martínez Prado / El Diario de Juárez

Luis no salió de Venezuela sólo porque quiso hacerlo, tuvo que huir de las represiones del gobierno de Nicolás Maduro en busca de un lugar seguro; pero en 100 días de travesía ha vivido en México dos secuestros, una extorsión, un robo y las amenazas de grupos delictivos.
“No sabía que la delincuencia en México era tan fuerte… nosotros los inmigrantes somos un negocio para todos. Yo prefiero cruzar la selva diez veces que volver a cruzar México”, dijo el sudamericano de 23 años de edad al llegar a Ciudad Juárez, tras huir de un secuestro de 15 días en la capital del Estado.
Luis, es técnico mecánico automotriz y mecánico industrial, por lo que trabajaba en una empresa petrolera en donde ganaba 25 dólares diarios, hasta que un día personal del Gobierno federal llegó con una lista de 20 nombres, entre los que venía el suyo. Eran 20 personas que habían participado en las protestas de 2018 y había firmado en contra de Nicolás Maduro.
“Yo no sabía que esa firma me iba a afectar tanto, me dijeron que estaba vetado de toda empresa pública e iban y me pintaban las paredes de mi casa: ‘escuálido’, ‘opositor’”, relató.
Además de las represiones, su sueldo cambió a 30 dólares semanales, lo cual no le alcanzaba para mantener a su hijo recién nacido, por lo que decidió migrar hacia Estados Unidos.
Después de cruzar la selva del Darién –en donde lo robaron–, viajó por Sudamérica y Centroamérica. En Guatemala, las autoridades lo extorsionaban con 300 o 400 quetzales (700 a mil pesos mexicanos) para dejarlo continuar.

Llegó a Chiapas

El 17 de diciembre de 2023 logró llegar a México, “el muro más grande de Estados Unidos”. En Chiapas fue privado de la libertad por primera vez, fue un secuestro exprés en el que le cobraron 75 dólares.
“Yo pagué mil 100 pesos, ahí tenían a mínimo 80 personas… a veces piensan que uno sale sólo por querer salir, pero uno lo hace por necesidad, yo salí por la dictadura, sin saber que iba a ser tan difícil”, confesó.
El viaje de Luis por México fue por la costa, pero en Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca, agentes de la Guardia Nacional le pidieron mil pesos para dejarlo continuar su viaje por México.
El 22 de mayo llegó al Estado de México, en donde se reunió con un grupo conformado por dos madres, una con sus hijos de 3 y 12 años y otra con sus hijos de 4, 8 y 16 años de edad. Ahí les rentaron una casa por 7 mil pesos mensuales, era una casa muy sucia que limpiaron entre todos durante todo un día, pero al día siguiente llegó una persona que dijo ser la dueña y los sacó amenazándolos que si no se iban le hablaría al Instituto Nacional de Migración (INM), por lo que tuvieron que irse sin el dinero que habían pagado.
“Nos estafaron”, lamentó quien después se fue a Ecatepec, en donde les rentaron otra vivienda, pero mientras que los vecinos de origen mexicano pagan 3 mil 500 pesos a ellos les cobraron 7 mil 500 por un mes, en el cual trabajó como albañil.
“Ahí comencé la cita (a través de la aplicación móvil CBP ONE, para ingresar de manera regular a Estados Unidos), pero es suerte, yo se la hice a otra amiga y a ella le salió y a mí no”, relató.
Al no obtener una cita, la cual sigue tramitando a través del puerto Paso del Norte entre Ciudad Juárez y El Paso, Luis decidió continuar su viaje hacia la frontera, el cual tuvo que hacer a bordo de trenes de carga, caminando y dentro del camarote de un camión de pasajeros.
El primer tren lo tomó en Irapuato, Guanajuato, pero se detuvo en Aguascalientes, en donde los agentes del INM golpearon a mujeres y niños, aseguró.
Ellos lograron escapar de Migración y caminaron por cuatro horas, hasta llegar a otro poblado en donde esperaron tres días a que saliera otro tren, el cual nunca salió. Y aunque también fueron golpeados por las autoridades, dijo que mexicanos los defendieron.
De ahí, su grupo conformado por los tres adultos y cinco menores, pagó mil 700 pesos para ser llevados hasta Zacatecas, en donde duraron días en la Casa de las Monjas. 
Después continuaron en tren hasta Torreón, Coahuila, en donde tomaron un taxi por 300 pesos para llegar a Gómez Palacio, Durango, en donde buscaron nuevamente un refugio en el que estuvieron siete días esperando el tren, pero no los dejaba subir el INM ni la GN, hasta que lograron subir a los vagones de uno para continuar su camino hasta Bermejillo.
“Pero nos dejó votados a tres horas de Jiménez, ahí el alcalde fue a buscar a Migración a un niño como de 16 años y a una mujer embarazada que se habían llevado. Estuvimos tres días en el gimnasio (albergados), hasta que tomamos un bus a Chihuahua, pagamos 500 pesos por persona”, informó.

El segundo plagio

En la capital del Estado se unieron al campamento junto a una tienda de conveniencia, a donde un día llegó un hombre en un carro y les ofreció traerlos a Juárez, pero los secuestró.
“Nos cobró 19 mil 400 pesos por el grupo (de ocho personas), que nos iba a dar hospedaje, almuerzo (comida) y cena, y nos sacaban seguros, sin rodear (caminando) el desierto. Nos dijo: en el desierto el cártel te agarra y te cobra mil dólares por persona, sino te matan. Y decidimos pagar, pero el señor nos tuvo retenidos y cuando le preguntábamos que cuándo nos iba a sacar nos dijo: yo no los voy a dejar salir, tienen que pagar 300 dólares por persona (2 mil 400 dólares)”, narró.
Dijo que durante 15 días sólo comieron sopas instantáneas que tenían que pagar, por lo cual él se escapó, y pago 2 mil 200 pesos por ser trasladado hasta Ciudad Juárez en un camión de pasajeros. 
“Es bien difícil todo lo que sufrimos, todo el gasto que hacemos. Subir México es muy difícil”, dijo quien al llegar a la frontera se encontró con una nueva norma estadounidense: la proclamación emitida por el presidente Joe Biden, que desde el primer minuto del miércoles 5 de junio se prohíbe el asilo a la mayoría de las personas migrantes que ingresan a Estados Unidos de manera irregular.



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