MORE ON THE CRIMES OF BIG PHARMA AND ON THE CRIMES OF PSYCHIATRY
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MORE ON THE CRIMES OF BIG PHARMA AND ON THE CRIMES OF PSYCHIATRY AND ITS
SHRINKS
*
by Justice Lover
Following are 2 reports concerning neuroleptic drugs prescribed and
forced on their patients by shrinks, and concerning SSRI drugs that
might be prescribed by other medical doctors too. Both reports were
forwarded to me today by Dr. Rebecca Carley, an outstanding American
physician.
*Those are reports on crimes against humanity for your attention !*
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Gary Kohls
<http://www.blogger.com/ym/Compose?To=gko...@cpinternet.com>Date: Oct 2,
2007 10:50 AM Subject: The case against antipsychotic drugs: a 50-year
record of doing more harm than goodTo: Gary Kohls
<http://www.blogger.com/ym/Compose?To=gko...@cpinternet.com>
*A timeline for neuroleptics*
**
Excerpted from:
"The case against antipsychotic drugs: a 50-year record of doing more
harm than good," by Robert Whitaker, author of Mad In America: Bad
Medicine, Bad Science and the Enduring Mistreatment of the Mentally Ill.
Published in the journal Medical Hypotheses (2004)
62, 5–13
Preclinical
1883 Phenothiazines developed as synthetic dyes.
1934 USDA develops phenothiazines as insecticide.
1949 Phenothiazines shown to hinder rope-climbing abilities in rats.
1950 Rhone Poulenc synthesizes chlorpromazine, a phenothiazine, for use
as an anesthetic.
Clinical history/standard neuroleptics
1954 Chlorpromazine, marketed in the US as Thorazine, found to induce
symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
1955 Chlorpromazine said to induce symptoms similar to encephalitis
lethargica.
1959 First reports of permanent motor dysfunction linked to
neuroleptics, later named tardive dyskinesia.
1960 French physicians describe a potentially fatal toxic reaction to
neuroleptics, later named neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
1962 California Mental Hygiene Department determines that chlorpromazine
and other neuroleptics prolong hospitalization.
1963 Six-week NIMH collaborative study concludes that neuroleptics are
safe and effective "antischizophrenic" drugs.
1964 Neuroleptics found to impair learning in animals and humans.
1965 One-year followup of NIMH collaborative study finds drug-treated
patients more likely than placebo patients to be rehospitalized.
1968 In a drug withdrawal study, the NIMH finds that relapse rates rise
in direct relation to dosage. The higher the dosage that patients are on
before withdrawal, the higher the relapse rate.
1972 Tardive dyskinesia is said to resemble Huntington's disease, or
"postencephalitic brain damage".
1974 Boston researchers report that relapse rates were lower in
pre-neuroleptic era, and that drugtreated patients are more likely to be
socially dependent.
1977 A NIMH study that randomizes schizophrenia patients into drug and
non-drug arms reports that only 35% of the non-medicated patients
relapsed within a year after discharge, compared to 45% of those treated
with medication.
1978 *California investigator Maurice Rappaport reports markedly
superior three-year outcomes for patients treated without neuroleptics.
Only 27% of the drug-free patients relapsed in the three years following
discharge, compared to 62% of the medicated patients.
*1978 *Canadian researchers describe drug-induced changes in the brain
that make a patient more vulnerable to relapse, which they dub
"neuroleptic induced supersensitive psychosis".*
1978 *Neuroleptics found to cause 10% cellular loss in brains of rats.
*1979 *Prevalence of tardive dyskinesia in drug-treated patients is
reported to range from 24% to 56%.*
1979 *Tardive dyskinesia found to be associated with cognitive impairment.
*1979 Loren Mosher, chief of schizophrenia studies at the NIMH, reports
superior one-year and two-year outcomes for Soteria patients treated
without neuroleptics.
1980 NIMH researchers find an increase in "blunted effect" and
"emotional withdrawal" in drugtreated patients who don't relapse, and
that neuroleptics do not improve "social and role performance" in
non-relapsers.
1982 Anticholinergic medications used to treat Parkinsonian symptoms
induced by neuroleptics reported to cause cognitive impairment.
1985 Drug-induced akathisia is linked to suicide.
1985 Case reports link drug-induced akathisia to violent homicides.
1987 *Tardive dyskinesia is linked to worsening of negative symptoms,
gait difficulties, speech impairment, psychosocial deterioration, and
memory deficits. They conclude it may be both a "motor and dementing
disorder".
*1992* World Health Organization reports that schizophrenia outcomes are
much superior in poor countries, where only 16% of patients are kept
continuously on neuroleptics. The WHO concludes that living in a
developed nation is a "strong predictor" that a patient will never fully
recover.
*1992 *Researchers acknowledge that neuroleptics cause a recognizable
pathology, which they name neuroleptic induced deficit syndrome. In
addition to Parkinson's, akathisia, blunted emotions and tardive
dyskinesia, patients treated with neuroleptics suffer from an increased
incidence of blindness, fatal blood clots, arrhythmia, heat stroke,
swollen breasts, leaking breasts, impotence, obesity, sexual
dysfunction, blood disorders, skin rashes, seizures, and early death.*
1994 *Neuroleptics found to cause a swelling of the caudate region in
the brain.
*1994 Harvard investigators report that schizophrenia outcomes in the US
appear to have worsened over past 20 years, and are now no better than
in the first decades of 20th century.
1995 "Real world" relapse rates for schizophrenia patients treated with
neuroleptics said to be above 80% in the two years following hospital
discharge, which is much higher than in pre-neuroleptic era.
1995 "Quality of life" in drug-treated patients reported to be "very poor".
1998 MRI studies show that neuroleptics cause hypertrophy of the
caudate, putamen and thalamus, with the increase "associated with
greater severity of both negative and positive symptoms".
1998 Neuroleptic use is found to be associated with atrophy of cerebral
cortex.
1998 *Harvard researchers conclude that "oxidative stress" may be the
process by which neuroleptics cause neuronal damage in the brain.*
1998 *Treatment with two or more neuroleptics is found to increase risk
of early death.
*2000 *Neuroleptics linked to fatal blood clots.
*2003 *Atypicals linked to an increased risk of obesity, hyperglycemia,
diabetes, and pancreatitis.**
**
*References :
[1] Cole J, Klerman G, Goldberg S. The National Institute of Mental
Health Psychopharmacology Service Center Collaborative Study Group.
Phenothiazine treatment in acute schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry
1964;10:246–61.
[2] Gilbert P, Harris M, McAdams L, Jeste D. Neuroleptic withdrawal in
schizophrenic patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:173–88.
[3] Shorter E. A history of psychiatry. New York: Wiley; 1997. p. 255.
[4] Hegarty J, Baldessarini R, Tohen M, Waternaux C. One hundred years
of schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of the outcome literature. Am J
Psychiatry 1994;151:1409–16.
[5] Holden C. Deconstructing schizophrenia. Science 2003; 299:333–5.
[6] Weiden P, Aquila R, Standard J. Atypical antipsychotic drugs and
long-term outcome in schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 1996;57(Suppl
11):53–60.
[7] Harvey P. Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: its characteristics
and implications. Psychiatr Ann 1999;29: 657–60.
[8] Stip E. Happy birthday neuroleptics! 50 years later: la folie du
doute. Eur Psychiatry 2002;17(3):115–9.
[9] Brill H, Patton R. Analysis of population reduction in New York
State mental hospitals during the first four years of large scale
therapy with psychotropic drugs. Am J Psychiatry 1959;116:495–508.
[10] Brill H, Patton R. Clinical-statistical analysis of population
changes in New York State mental hospitals since introduction of
psychotropic drugs. Am J Psychiatry 1962;119:20–35.
[11] Council of State Governments. The mental health programs of the
forty-eight states. Chicago: The Council; 1950. p 4–13.
[12] Rusk H. States map a new attack to combat mental illness. New York
Times 1954;21:4–13.
[13] Epstein L, Morgan R, Reynolds L. An approach to the effect of
ataraxic drugs on hospital release rates. Am J Psychiatry 1962;119:36–47.
[14] Scull A. Decarceration: community treatment and the deviant, a
radical view. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press; 1984.
[15] Schooler N, Goldberg S, Boothe H, Cole J. One year after
discharge:community adjustment of schizophrenic patients. Am J
Psychiatry 1967;123:986–95.
[16] Prien R, Levine J, Switalski R. Discontinuation of chemotherapy for
chronic schizophrenics. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1971;22:20–3.
[17] Gardos G, Cole J. Maintenance antipsychotic therapy: is the cure
worse than the disease? Am J Psychiatry 1977;133: 32–6.
[18] Bockoven J, Solomon H. Comparison of two five-year follow-up
studies: 1947–1952 and 1967–1972. Am J Psychiatry 1975;132:796–801.
[19] May P, Tuma A, Dixon W. Schizophrenia: a follow-up study of the
results of five forms of treatment. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;38:776–84.
[20] Carpenter W, McGlashan T, Strauss J. The treatment of acute
schizophrenia without drugs: an investigation of some current
assumptions. Am J Psychiatry 1977;134: 14–20.
[21] Rappaport M, Hopkins H, Hall K, Belleza T, Silverman J. Are there
schizophrenics for whom drugs may be unnecessary or contraindicated. Int
Pharmacopsychiatry 1978;
13:100–11.
[22] Mathews S, Roper M, Mosher L, Menn A. A non-neuroleptic treatment
for schizophrenia: analysis of the two-year postdischarge risk of
relapse. Schizophr Bull 1979;5:322–32.
[23] Bola J, Mosher L. Treatment of acute psychosis without
neuroleptics: two-year outcomes from the Soteria Project. J Nerv Ment
Dis 2003;191:219–29.
-- http://www.drcarley.com/Listen to "What's Ailing America?" every
Thursday night at 5:30 PM PST (8:30 PM EST) on http://www.bbsradio.com/;
click on "BBS station 2""Inoculations are the true weapons of mass
destruction, causing an epidemic of genocide"Rebecca Carley, MD Court
Qualified Expert in vaccine Induced Diseases"The individual is
handicapped by coming face to face with a conspiracy so monstrous that
he cannot believe it exists"J Edgar HooverFBI Director All TRUTH passes
through 3 stages:1st - it is ridiculed2nd - it is violently opposed3rd -
it is accepted as SELF EVIDENTArthur SchopenhauerIn a time of universal
deceit, telling the TRUTH is a revolutionary act. 1984, George Orwell
====================
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Gary Kohls
<http://www.blogger.com/ym/Compose?To=gko...@cpinternet.com>Date: Oct 2,
2007 7:26 PM Subject: PPEN # 309: SSRIs are commonly teratogenic to
babies born to mothers taking them, whether early or late in
pregnancyTo: Gary Kohls
<http://www.blogger.com/ym/Compose?To=gko...@cpinternet.com>
Preventive Psychiatry E-Newsletter # 309
*Women Not Warned About SSRI-Related Lung Birth Defects*
*By Evelyn Pringle*
*
*October 2, 2007
*A study of nearly 500,000 women by researchers at the University of
Pittsburgh Medical Center, in the September 18, 2007, Annals of Internal
Medicine, found that nearly 50% of women taking a prescription drug that
could cause birth defects did not receive warnings to avoid pregnancy.*
The authors note that the pregnancy risks of a drug should be discussed
with women before they begin taking it.
*Experts say the seriousness of a life-threatening lung disorder found
six times more often in infants born to mothers who take antidepressants
during pregnancy is not being adequately conveyed to women while they
are considering whether to use the drugs. The disorder, persistent
pulmonary hypertension (PPHN), occurs when a newborn does not adjust to
breathing outside the womb. PPHN refers to high pressure in the lungs'
blood vessels which prevents the body's oxygen-poor blood from entering
the lungs to absorb oxygen, and leaves the infant with not enough oxygen
into the bloodstream.*
On July 19, 2006, the FDA ordered a PPHN warning for the labels of the
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants (SSRI's), based
on a February 9, 2006 study in the New England Journal of Medicine, and
issued a Public Health Advisory that stated: "A recently published
case-control study has shown that infants born to mothers who took
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI's) after the 20th week of
pregnancy were 6 times more likely to have persistent pulmonary
hypertension (PPHN) than infants born to mothers who did not take
antidepressants during pregnancy." Two week later on August 1, 2006, the
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologist issued a press
release warning that the use of SSRI's and selective norepinephrine
reuptake inhibitors (SNRI's) during pregnancy should be individualized
based on their respective risks and benefits, and specifically warned
that Paxil should be avoided due to the potential risk of fetal heart
defects, PPHN and other negative effects.
*SSRI's sold in the US include Paxil marketed by GlaxoSmithKline, Prozac
by Eli Lilly, Zoloft by Pfizer, and Celexa and Lexapro sold by Forest
Laboratories, along with various generic versions of the drugs. The
closely-related class of SNRI antidepressants also carry birth defects
warnings and include Wyeth's Effexor and Lilly's Cymbalta. In any given
year in the US, at least eighty-thousand pregnant women are prescribed
SSRI's, according to a study in the May 2005, Journal of American
Medical Association. The CDC recently reported that antidepressants were
the most prescribed class of drugs in the country in 2005. The fact that
the overall prescribing rate is higher than for any other drugs
indicates that a large number of pregnant women may be taking
antidepressants without knowledge of the risks to the unborn fetus.*
*Overall, respiratory failure affects nearly 80,000 newborns per year,
and it is responsible for as many as half of all infant deaths. Nearly
one-third of all newborns with respiratory failure are born at term or
near-term, and are at risk for PPHN, according to the April 2007
article, "Pulmonary Hypertension, Persistent-Newborn," by Dr Robin
Steinhorn, head of the Division of Neonatology at Children's Memorial
Hospital in Chicago and Professor at Northwestern University Medical
School, in eMedicine from WebMD. Dr Steinhorn also notes that an
increased incidence of PPHN is reported for mothers who use SSRI's
during the last half of their pregnancies.*
As recently as 15 years ago, the reports says, the mortality rate for
PPHN infants reached 40%, and the prevalence of major neurologic
disability was 15-60%. However, the introduction of extracorporeal
membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and other new therapies has had a major
effect on reducing the mortality rate, yet the prevalence of major
neurologic disabilities among surviving newborns remains approximately
15-20%. Dr Steinhorn reports that Glass and colleagues compared the
neurodevelopmental outcome of 103 neonates following ECMO and 37 without
ECMO at age 5 and states: "Major disability, which was defined as mental
disability, motor disability, sensorineural impairment, or seizure
disorder, was present in 17 of children in whom ECMO had been used. The
mean full-scale, verbal, and performance intelligence quotient (IQ)
scores of children who received ECMO treatment were within the normal
range; however, as a group, the scores were significantly lower than in
children who had not had ECMO (96 vs 115)."
According to the report, infants who survive following ECMO have a
higher rate of re-hospitalization for non-pulmonary and surgical
conditions, and the rate of sensorineural disabilities in infants who
survive averages 6% and developmental delay occurs in 9%. Because the
prevalence of hearing loss is high, the report recommends that an
automated hearing test should be administered before discharging the
baby and hearing should be reassessed when he or she is 6-months-old and
again, as the results indicate. Dr Steinhorn also notes that an
increased frequency of social problems, academic difficulties at school
age and higher rates of attention deficit disorder are reported in
children who received ECMO.
*Although the actual FDA warning about PPHN was not added to the
antidepressant labels until August 2006, the drug makers were well aware
of the risk of this birth defect for more than a decade, due to a long
and steady line of studies that linked the drugs to serious respiratory
problems in newborns dating back to 1996.*
A study in the October 3, 1996, New England Journal of Medicine, lead by
Dr Christina Chambers of the Department of Pediatrics at the University
of California-San Diego, reported that PPHN developed in 2.7% of a group
of infants whose mothers took Prozac throughout their pregnancy. From
1989 through 1995, the California Teratogen Information Service and
Clinical Research Program received approximately 1,500 calls requesting
information on the potential teratogenic effects of Prozac (fluoxetine),
and an estimated one-third of the calls were made by pregnant women who
were currently taking Prozac. For their study, the researchers selected
228 of these women.
Because they hypothesized that birth size, gestational age, and neonatal
adaptation were influenced by exposure to Prozac late in pregnancy, the
women were divided into two groups. One group was referred to as the
exposed-early group because the women discontinued Prozac in the first
or second trimester, and another group was referred to as the
exposed-late group because the women continued to take Prozac in the
third trimester. A third group of 254 pregnant women who called the same
California Information Program between 1989 through 1995, but with
questions about other drugs and procedures that were not considered
teratogenic, was enrolled as a control group. The researchers determined
that 73 infants in the exposed-late group had higher rates of premature
delivery, admissions to special care nurseries, and poor neonatal
adaptation, including respiratory difficulty, cyanosis on feeding and
jitteriness. Birth weight was also lower and birth length shorter in the
exposed-late infants, they found. The study authors noted their concern
over the 15.5% incidence of three or more minor anomalies in some
infants exposed to Prozac in early pregnancy. "The combination of any
three minor anomalies in a single child is an unusual finding," they
wrote. The 15.5 percent incidence, they said, indicates that exposure
during the first trimester has an effect on embryonic development. "This
finding raises the possibility of an associated defect in the
development of the central nervous system that may become evident when
the infant is older," the authors wrote.
In January 1998, a study in the international journal of medical science
and practice, The Lancet, explained that the lungs act as a reservoir
for antidepressants and this study suggests that SSRI's could play a
pivotal role in infant respiratory conditions, such as PPHN. Another
study, in the April 2002 Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine,
investigated the effects of SSRI's on pulmonary circulation and found
that SSRI's affect the pulmonary smooth muscle cells and aggravate
pulmonary hypertension. In June 2004, a study in Prescrire International
also reported that newborns exposed to SSRI's toward the end of
pregnancy showed signs of altered muscle tone, breathing and suction
problems, and agitation, with an estimated 20% to 30% of the infants
affected.
The next month, after receiving hundreds of adverse event reports over a
decade, in July 2004, the FDA finally revised the labels for all SSRI's
and SNRI's, warning that some newborns exposed to the drugs had
developed problems requiring prolonged hospitalizations, respiratory
support and tube feeding. Less than a year later, a study in the May
2005 Journal of the American Medical Association reported that women who
took SSRI's or SNRI's late in pregnancy were at a 3 times higher risk of
giving birth to infants suffering from serious respiratory problems,
jitteriness and irritability.
*Lead author, Dr Eydie Moses-Kolko, reported that serious respiratory
problems developed in about one out of every 100 infants. According to
Dr David Healy, a leading expert on pharmacology and author of "The
Antidepressant Era," the doctors who prescribe SSRI's are often not able
to spend enough time with patients to discuss their emotional issues in
depth. "For some doctors," he notes, "SSRI's may appear to provide a
quick solution for patient problems arising from normal life events such
as bereavement, work stress, or marital conflict." However, he says, a
review of the actual SSRI studies shows that only one patient in 10
responds to these drugs, and he attributes the massive prescribing to
successful marketing rather than benefits. "Through educational and
marketing campaigns," Dr Healy says, "the SSRI makers have produced a
situation where people who would never have been given an antidepressant
in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, are now given one after cursory
questioning by a physician."*
Another leading expert, Dr Peter Breggin, founder of The International
Center for the Study of Psychiatry and Psychology (ICSPP), a nonprofit
research and educational network, and the journal Ethical Human Sciences
and Services, also says a thorough review of all the studies submitted
to the FDA for the approval of the SSRI's showed that, when taken as a
whole, the drugs do not work. Dr Breggin also agrees that the high rate
of prescribing to women indicates that women who may be experiencing
minor symptoms of distress common with daily living are being convinced
that they have a mental illness that requires drugs, most frequently an
SSRI.
Proponents for the drug makers claim that depression itself poses a
greater risk to the fetus than SSRI's. "The problem with this claim is
that there is no consideration for the health of the baby and the
immense stress a mother has to endure when her baby is sick," states
Kate Gillespie, a Paxil injury lawyer from the Baum Hedlund law
firm."Not to mention, the far greater stress that is created by having
to constantly deal with life and death health issues, like the
respiratory problems of an infant, that are caused by SSRI-induced
PPHN," she adds."For these women," Ms Gillespie says, "it is clear that
the risks far outweigh any benefit." An August 2006 study in the
Archives of General Psychiatry compared babies born to depressed mothers
treated with SSRI's to those born to mothers who were not treated, and
found a significantly greater incidence of respiratory distress, 13.9%
vs 7.8%, and longer hospital stays for the infants exposed to SSRI's.
*Another study, in the August 2007 American Journal of Psychiatry,
examined the effects of depression and antidepressant use on fetal age
and the risk of preterm birth with 90 women and found the drugs, rather
than depression, to be associated with lower fetal age and an increased
risk of preterm birth. The researchers noted that the presence of
depression per se during pregnancy did not adversely affect outcomes.
According to Dr Breggin, SSRI's should never be used during pregnancy.
"If pregnant women feel anxious or sad," he says, "they should seek
counseling or family therapy involving the child's father, along with
other sources of emotional support."*
Families seeking legal advice regarding SSRI-antidepressant birth
defects can contact the Baum, Hedlund, Aristei & Goldman Law Firm at:
(800) 827-0087; http://www.baumhedlundlaw.com/
(Written by Evelyn Pringle as part of the Antidepressant Birth Defect
Litigation Monthly Round-Up, Sponsored by Baum Hedlund's Pharmaceutical
Antidepressant Litigation Department)www.paxilbirthdefect.com/
<http://www.paxilbirthdefect.com/> http://www.pphnlawyers.com/
(Evelyn Pringle is a regular columnist for OpEd News and investigative
journalist focused on exposing corruption in government and corporate
America)--
http://www.drcarley.com/Listen to "What's Ailing America?" every
Thursday night at 5:30 PM PST (8:30 PM EST) on http://www.bbsradio.com/;
click on "BBS station 2""Inoculations are the true weapons of mass
destruction, causing an epidemic of genocide"
Rebecca Carley, MD Court Qualified Expert in vaccine Induced Diseases
"The individual is handicapped by coming face to face with a conspiracy
so monstrous that he cannot believe it exists"J Edgar HooverFBI Director
All TRUTH passes through 3 stages:
1st - it is ridiculed
2nd - it is violently opposed
3rd - it is accepted as SELF EVIDENT Arthur Schopenhauer
In a time of universal deceit, telling the TRUTH is a revolutionary act.
1984, George Orwell
(Emphasis by Justice Lover)
sondaughtersdad