I don't know if FreeMat will take a command line argument to edit the file, but here's a workaround using the startup script functionality of FreeMat.
Create a batch file, I called it c:\freematscript\freemat.bat containing
cd "c:\freematscript\"
echo %1> startup.txt
"c:\Program Files (x86)\FreeMat\bin\FreeMat.exe"
You may need to adjust the call in the batch file to FreeMat depending on where you have it installed.
Create an m-file, I called it c:\freematscript\startup.m containing
a = fopen('startup.txt');
b = fgetline(a);
b = b(2:length(b)-3);
fclose(a);
a = fopen('tocall.m', 'w');
fprintf(a,'edit %s',b);
fclose(a);
tocall;
Then associate the m files with the batch file using Windows Explorer, and you're good to go.
There is probably an easier way...
Jonathan