基本呼吸種類簡介
咖哩
鎖骨式呼吸法，牽扯到的身體部位都偏胸部上方，呼吸時會提起或降下肋骨、鎖骨以及肩膀。有氣喘的人或是腰部皮帶綁太緊，甚至過度飽食的人，在無形中都會
採取這種淺而快的鎖骨呼吸方式。故意的提起鎖骨與肩膀進行此類呼吸時，腹部會往橫隔膜下方擠（橫隔膜是被動的被由下往上擠）。鎖骨呼吸的缺點在於呼吸深
度淺，而且大部分的新鮮空氣無法抵達肺泡，使得氣體交換變得很沒有效率。
鎖骨式呼吸法是最糟糕的呼吸方式，只利用到上半部的肺葉，而且上半部的肋骨也相當硬不容易伸展導致這種呼吸比較耗力，實際換氣量也非常的小，通常女性比
較容易出現這種呼吸方式，長久以來女生比男生穿著更緊的衣物，而且為了美觀也盡量的縮起小腹。此類呼吸法會導致消化系統的健康問題，胃病、便秘、婦女疾
病。
腹式呼吸（橫隔膜式呼吸），主要是利用胸腔的下半部運動，這比胸式呼吸或是鎖骨式呼吸法來得更有效率，橫隔膜的上升下降動作會導致腹部隨著呼吸消長。通
常久坐的人會比較傾向這種呼吸方式，或者是當一個人垂著肩膀放鬆胸腔附近的肌肉時也會比較傾向於使用腹式呼吸，當我們睡著時通常會回到腹式呼吸的狀態，
但當我們動作激烈時自然會覺得這種呼吸方式不足以應付身體龐大的耗氧需求。
吸氣時緩緩的推動胃向前，此時腹部會微微隆起，吐氣時腹部會回復到原本的狀態。
腹式呼吸之所以會優於鎖骨式與胸式呼吸有以下幾個理由：
1. 最底部的肺葉也可以充分的進行氣體交換，以致於這種呼吸法可以比其他兩種呼吸法有更高的換氣量。
2. 橫隔膜上升下降的動作就好像身體的第二顆心臟，痕隔膜的動作會產生活塞效果，不只是將整個肺部膨脹收縮還可以促進靜脈血液的回流，直接促進了身體
血液循環。
3.橫隔膜的動作對於腹部內的器官有按摩的效果。
4.人體胸部中間偏下的位置有一個重要的神經叢，此種呼吸法穩定的律動對於安撫神經有很大的幫助。
胸式式呼吸法有一點難敘述，因為這種呼吸法在動作上的界定不是那麼明確，此呼吸法會讓肺部的中間部位充氣，帶著一點鎖骨式呼吸與腹式呼吸的特徵，胸部與
肋骨會膨脹，橫隔膜依然會升降，腹部微微的隨著呼吸的消長，通常這類呼吸仍然屬於比較淺的呼吸，這比單純的鎖骨式呼吸來得好一些，但比不上腹式呼吸與完
全呼吸的卓越。
完全呼吸動用了整個呼吸系統，不單單只是胸腔的某一個部位，此類呼吸法有最大的換氣量，並非單純的只是深呼吸，而是『最深』的呼吸。呼吸時舉起肩膀與肋
骨，再加上橫隔膜下降盡可能的突出腹部，每個環節都做到極限，達到最大換氣量。在瑜珈的眾多呼吸法中，完全呼吸是基本的呼吸技巧，在學習其他更高等的呼
吸技巧前一定要先熟練此道。
切記，只有在做瑜珈練習時才使用完全呼吸法，平日的狀態請使用腹式呼吸，練習的過程中以鼻子呼吸請勿從口部換氣。
以下為原文文章！
The Complete Breath
Most of us use three or four kinds of breathing. These may be called
high, low and middle breathing and complete breathing. The complete
breath is a combination of high breathing, mid breathing and low
breathing.
1. High breathing refers to what takes place primarily in the upper
part of the chest and lungs. This has been called "clavicular
breathing" or "collarbone breathing" and involves raising the ribs,
collarbone and shoulders. Persons with asthma, a tight belt, a full
stomach or who otherwise become short of breath tend to resort to high
breathing. One may deliberately draw in his abdomen and force its
contents upward against the diaphragm and into the chest cavity in
order to cause high breathing. High breathing is naturally shallow and
a larger percentage of it fails to reach the alveoli and enter into
useable gaseous exchange.
This is the least desirable form of breathing since the upper lobes of
the lungs are used and these have only a small air capacity. Also the
upper rib cage is fairly rigid, so not much expansion of the ribs can
take place. A great deal of muscular energy is expended in pressing
against the diaphragm and in keeping the ribs and shoulders raised
abnormally high. This form of breathing is quite common, especially
among women, probably because they often wear tight clothes around the
waist which prevents the far superior abdominal breathing. It's a
common cause of digestive, stomach, constipation and gynecological
problems.
2. Low breathing refers to what takes place primarily in the lower
part of the chest and lungs. It is far more effective than high or mid
breathing. It consists mainly in moving the abdomen in and out and in
changing the position of the diaphragm through such movements. Because
of this, it is sometimes called "abdominal breathing" and "diaphragmic
breathing." Sedentary persons who habitually bend forward while they
read or write tend to slump into low breathing. Whenever one slouches
or slackens his shoulder and chest muscles, he normally adopts low
breathing. We often use low breathing when sleeping. But whenever we
become physically active, as in walking, running or lifting, we are
likely to find abdominal breathing inadequate for our needs.
To do low breathing, when you inhale you push the stomach gently
forwards with no strain. When exhaling you allow the stomach to return
to its normal position.
This type of breathing is far superior to high or mid breathing for
four reasons:
1.More air is taken in when inhaling, due to greater movement of the
lungs and the fact that the lower lobes of the lungs have a larger
capacity than the upper lobes.
2.The diaphragm acts like a second heart. Its piston-like movements
expand the base of the lungs, allowing them to suck in more venous
blood. The increase in the venous circulation improves the general
circulation.
3.The abdominal organs are massaged by the up and down movements of
the diaphragm.
4.Low breathing has a beneficial effect on the solar plexus, a very
important nerve center.
3. Middle breathing is a little harder to describe since the limits of
variability are more indefinite. Yet it is breathing in which mainly
the middle parts of the lungs are filled with air. It exhibits some of
the characteristics of both high breathing, since the ribs rise and
the chest expands somewhat, and low breathing, since the diaphragm
moves up and down and the abdomen in and out a little. It has been
called thoracic or intercoastal or rib breathing. But too often it
also remains a shallow type of breathing. With this form of breathing,
the ribs and chest are expanded sideways.
This is better than high breathing, but far inferior to low breathing
and the yoga complete breath technique.
4. The complete breath, as defined by yoga, involves the entire
respiratory system and not only includes the portions of the lungs
used in high, low and middle breathing, but expands the lungs so as to
take in more air than the amounts inhaled by all of these three kinds
of breathing together when they are employed in shallow breathing. The
complete breath is not just deep breathing; it is the deepest possible
breathing. Not only does one raise his shoulders, collarbone and ribs,
as in high breathing, and also extend his abdomen and lower his
diaphragm, as in low breathing, but he does both as much as is needed
to expand his lungs to their fullest capacity.
The yoga complete breath is the basic technique of all the different
types of yoga breathing, and therefore should be mastered before you
learn the specific breathing exercises. It brings the whole lung
capacity into play and is the basis of the three specific breathing
exercises.
Keep in mind that this type of breathing is only done when you do the
breathing exercises. The rest of the time you should be doing low
breathing by pushing the stomach out slightly when you inhale, and
then just letting the stomach fall back to its original position when
you exhale. Also, make sure you are breathing through your nose and
not your mouth.