C'est une étude détaillée de l'opposition à la relativité, depuis les
physiciens expérimentaux (voire des philosophes ou des médecins) qui n'y
comprenaient pas grand'chose en 1920 jusqu'aux révisionnistes de la science
lors de l'année mondiale de la physique en 2005 (on en connaît dans ce
forum).
Un livre que je me suis bien amusé à écrire.
Bien à vous,
Alexandre Moatti
> jusqu'aux révisionnistes de la science
> lors de l'année mondiale de la physique en 2005
R..ha.. H.c.el ?
L'audience de Lengrand est (heureusement) confidentielle, il s'agit
sans doute d'Allais. Les Bogdanov auraient pu être cités, mais ils
sont anti-relativistes à leur insu, si j'ose dire, par ignorance et
vanité (un peu comme Lavau ou StefJM).
> C'est une étude détaillée de l'opposition à la relativité, depuis les
> physiciens expérimentaux (voire des philosophes ou des médecins) qui n'y
> comprenaient pas grand'chose en 1920 jusqu'aux révisionnistes de la science
> lors de l'année mondiale de la physique en 2005 (on en connaît dans ce
> forum).
C'est le genre de présentation qui montre la qualité scientifique de la
démarche.
Plonk.
--
Mû
Je ne suis pas anti-relativiste.
j'ai simplement de gros doute lorsqu'on extrapole des modèles au dela de
ce qui a été vérifié dans le labo.
--
StefJM
Vous reclamez la theorie de l'emission:
http://www.maths-et-physique.net/article-3113016-6.html
Cette theorie contredit et en fait refute la theorie de la relativite
d'Einstein, en remplacant une vitesse de la lumiere independante de la
vitesse de la source lumineuse (c'=c) par une vitesse qui DEPEND de
la vitesse de la source (c'=c+v, ou v est la vitesse relative de la
source et de l'observateur). Il serait beaucoup plus utile si, au lieu
d'ecrire sur l'antisemitisme etc. - des problemes qui n'ont AUCUNE
importance pour la science theorique - vous pouviez decrire
l'opposition a la relativite basee sur la theorie de l'emission. On
peut trouver une telle opposition, souvent implicite, meme dans les
livres les plus "ensteiniens":
http://www.amazon.com/Relativity-Its-Roots-Banesh-Hoffmann/dp/0486406768
"Relativity and Its Roots" by Banesh Hoffmann, Chapter 5.
Banesh Hoffmann, "La relativite, histoire d'une grande idee", Pour la
Science, Paris, 1999, p. 112:
"De plus, si l'on admet que la lumiere est constituee de particules,
comme Einstein l'avait suggere dans son premier article, 13 semaines
plus tot, le second principe parait absurde: une pierre jetee d'un
train qui roule tres vite fait bien plus de degats que si on la jette
d'un train a l'arret. Or, d'apres Einstein, la vitesse d'une certaine
particule ne serait pas independante du mouvement du corps qui l'emet!
Si nous considerons que la lumiere est composee de particules qui
obeissent aux lois de Newton, ces particules se conformeront a la
relativite newtonienne. Dans ce cas, il n'est pas necessaire de
recourir a la contraction des longueurs, au temps local ou a la
transformation de Lorentz pour expliquer l'echec de l'experience de
Michelson-Morley. Einstein, comme nous l'avons vu, resista cependant a
la tentation d'expliquer ces echecs a l'aide des idees newtoniennes,
simples et familieres. Il introduisit son second postulat, plus ou
moins evident lorsqu'on pensait en termes d'ondes dans l'ether."
Pentcho Valev
C'est marrant venant de ta part !
Que tu sois sceptique (du grec skeptikos, "qui examine") a priori, j'en
conviens, ça me parait sain dans le cadre d'une démarche scientifique ; que
tu déclares "avoir de gros doutes" à priori sur la relativité (laquelle ?)
de cette façon, je m'étonne. Pourrais tu développer tes arguments ? (ie à
partir d'où as tu des "gros doutes" et pour quelles raisons).
Mes excuses si j'ai mal lu une ironie.
> --
> StefJM
--
Vicnent
Moatti, vous etes le concepteur du portail scientifique
Vous pourriez entamer une discussion sur les deux confessions
d'Einstein:
Albert Einstein: "Si la vitesse de la lumiere est au moindre degre
affectee par la vitesse de la source lumineuse, alors ma theorie de la
relativite tout entiere et la theorie de la gravitation sont
fausses."
Albert Einstein: "Je considere qu'il est bien possible que la physique
ne puisse pas etre basee sur la notion de champ, c'est-a-dire, sur des
structures continues. Dans ce cas-la, rien ne reste de tout mon
chateau en l'air, y compris la theorie de la gravitation, et du reste
de la physique moderne."
En fait, ce serait une discussion sur le sauvetage de la science
theorique qui est dans un etat tres grave:
http://dogma.free.fr/txt/EK-ScienceQuiestion.htm
Etienne Klein: "Par ailleurs, on remarque qu'aujourd'hui, les theses
«relativistes», par exemple celle de Paul Feyerabend, ont un impact
tres fort, notamment dans les milieux etudiants. Meme si leur
diffusion s'accompagne de contresens et de malentendus, elles servent
de socle a des critiques de plus en plus vives adressees aux
professionnels de la recherche : Votre science dit-elle reellement le
vrai ? Comment osez-vous pretendre qu'elle se refere la rationalite
alors que les jugements esthetiques, les prejuges metaphysiques et
autres desirs subjectifs impregnent sinon sa demarche tout entiere, du
moins certaines de ses phases ? Votre legitimite incontestee est-elle
fondee sur autre chose que des effets de pouvoir?"
http://www.i-sem.net/press/jmll_isem_palermo.pdf
Jean-Marc Levy-Leblond: "La science souffre d'une forte perte de
credit, au sens propre comme au sens figure : son soutien politique et
economique, comme sa reputation intellectuelle et culturelle
connaissent une crise grave."
Pentcho Valev
Si les deux confessions d'Einstein sont trop dangereuses, Moatti, je
vous propose un theme un peu plus innocent:
"Pourquoi est-ce que les Einsteiniens francophones ne discutent JAMAIS
de la variabilite de la vitesse de la lumiere dans un champ
gravitationnel, bien que leurs freres anglophones le fassent souvent?"
References:
http://www.pitt.edu/~jdnorton/papers/OntologyOUP_TimesNR.pdf "What Can
We Learn about the Ontology of Space and Time from the Theory of
Relativity?", John D. Norton: "In general relativity there is no
comparable sense of the constancy of the speed of light. The constancy
of the speed of light is a consequence of the perfect homogeneity of
spacetime presumed in special relativity. There is a special velocity
at each event; homogeneity forces it to be the same velocity
everywhere. We lose that homogeneity in the transition to general
relativity and with it we lose the constancy of the speed of light.
Such was Einstein's conclusion at the earliest moments of his
preparation for general relativity. ALREADY IN 1907, A MERE TWO YEARS
AFTER THE COMPLETION OF THE SPECIAL THEORY, HE HAD CONCLUDED THAT THE
SPEED OF LIGHT IS VARIABLE IN THE PRESENCE OF A GRAVITATIONAL FIELD."
http://www.logosjournal.com/issue_4.3/smolin.htm "Einstein's Legacy --
Where are the "Einsteinians?", Lee Smolin: "Quantum theory was not the
only theory that bothered Einstein. Few people have appreciated how
dissatisfied he was with his own theories of relativity. Special
relativity grew out of Einstein's insight that the laws of
electromagnetism cannot depend on relative motion and that the speed
of light therefore must be always the same, no matter how the source
or the observer moves. Among the consequences of that theory are that
energy and mass are equivalent (the now-legendary relationship E =
mc2) and that time and distance are relative, not absolute. SPECIAL
RELATIVITY WAS THE RESULT OF 10 YEARS OF INTELLECTUAL STRUGGLE, YET
EINSTEIN HAD CONVINCED HIMSELF IT WAS WRONG WITHIN TWO YEARS OF
PUBLISHING IT."
http://www.blazelabs.com/f-g-gcont.asp "The first confirmation of a
long range variation in the speed of light travelling in space came in
1964. Irwin Shapiro, it seems, was the first to make use of a
previously forgotten facet of general relativity theory -- that the
speed of light is reduced when it passes through a gravitational
field....Faced with this evidence, Einstein stated:"In the second
place our result shows that, according to the general theory of
relativity, the law of the constancy of the velocity of light in
vacuo, which constitutes one of the two fundamental assumptions in the
special theory of relativity and to which we have already frequently
referred, cannot claim any unlimited validity. A curvature of rays of
light can only take place when the velocity of propagation of light
varies with position."......Today we find that since the Special
Theory of Relativity unfortunately became part of the so called
mainstream science, it is considered a sacrilege to even suggest that
the speed of light be anything other than a constant. This is somewhat
surprising since even Einstein himself suggested in a paper "On the
Influence of Gravitation on the Propagation of Light," Annalen der
Physik, 35, 1911, that the speed of light might vary with the
gravitational potential. Indeed, the variation of the speed of light
in a vacuum or space is explicitly shown in Einstein's calculation for
the angle at which light should bend upon the influence of gravity.
One can find his calculation in his paper. The result is c'=c(1+V/c^2)
where V is the gravitational potential relative to the point where the
measurement is taken. 1+V/c^2 is also known as the GRAVITATIONAL
REDSHIFT FACTOR."
http://www.physlink.com/Education/AskExperts/ae13.cfm
"So, it is absolutely true that the speed of light is _not_ constant
in a gravitational field [which, by the equivalence principle, applies
as well to accelerating (non-inertial) frames of reference]. If this
were not so, there would be no bending of light by the gravitational
field of stars....Indeed, this is exactly how Einstein did the
calculation in: 'On the Influence of Gravitation on the Propagation of
Light,' Annalen der Physik, 35, 1911. which predated the full formal
development of general relativity by about four years. This paper is
widely available in English. You can find a copy beginning on page 99
of the Dover book 'The Principle of Relativity.' You will find in
section 3 of that paper, Einstein's derivation of the (variable) speed
of light in a gravitational potential, eqn (3). The result is,
c' = c0 ( 1 + V / c^2 )
where V is the gravitational potential relative to the point where the
speed of light c0 is measured."
Pentcho Valev
Un jour, Moatti, vous deviendrez honnete, abandonnerez la flagornerie
et publierez l'histoire d'un VRAI MARTYRE:
http://www.ekkehard-friebe.de/wallace.htm
Pentcho Valev
Oh oui Valev je connais déjà Ekkehard Friebe, je le cite dans la
bibliographie de mon livre, figurez-vous. Vous n'avez pas le monopole
du Friebe.
A.Moatti
Je ne parle pas de Friebe, je parle de Bryan Wallace qui, en mourrant,
a quand meme reussi a ecrire "The Farce of Physics". Quelques
extraits:
http://www.ekkehard-friebe.de/wallace.htm
"In Galileo's time it was heresy to claim there was evidence that the
Earth went around the Sun, and in our time it is heresy to argue that
there is evidence that the speed of light in space is not constant for
all observers, no matter how fast they are moving, as predicted by
Prof. Albert Einstein's sacred 1905 Special Relativity Theory."
"There is a popular argument that the world's oldest profession is
sexual prostitution. I think that it is far more likely that the
oldest profession is scientific prostitution, and that it is still
alive and well, and thriving in the 20th century......The people who
tend to believe more in theories than in the scientific method of
testing theories, and who ignore the evidence against the theories
they believe in, should be considered pseudoscientists and not true
scientists. To the extent that the professed beliefs are based on the
desire for status, wealth, or political reasons, these people are
scientific prostitutes."
"Einstein's special relativity theory with his second postulate that
the speed of light in space is constant is the linchpin that holds the
whole range of modern physics theories together. Shatter this
postulate, and modern physics becomes an elaborate farce!"
"Even Albert Einstein was not immune from pressure from the
established politicians in the physics community with regard to the
sacred nature of the original special relativity theory, especially
with respect to the postulate of the constant speed of light. For
example the following quote is from a letter by Dr. E. J. Post in a
continuation of the relativity debate: At the end of section 2 of his
article on the foundations of the general theory, Einstein writes:
"The principle of the constancy of the vacuum speed of light requires
a modification." [26] At the time, Max Abraham took Einstein to task
(in a rather unfriendly manner) about this deviation from his earlier
stance."
"I expect that the scientists of the future will consider the dominant
abstract physics theories of our time in much the same light as we now
consider the Medieval theories of how many angels can dance on the
head of a pin or that the Earth stands still and the Universe moves
around it."
Pentcho Valev
Pour cette raison le texte n'est pas parfait, il y a des erreurs qu'il
aurait pu corriger si ce n'avait pas ete le cas etc. Quand meme son
histoire est assez claire:
http://www.ekkehard-friebe.de/wallace.htm
Chapter 4:
"Since then, I've been unable to publish any further letters in
Physics Today, no matter how important the subject. For example, I
made the startling discovery that the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
was basing their analysis of signal transit time in the solar system
on Newtonian Galilean c+v, and not c as predicted by Einstein's
relativity theory. There is a short mention of the major term in the
equation as the "Newtonian light time" but no emphasis on the enormous
implications of this fact! I tried to force this issue out into the
open by submitting a letter to Physics Today 9 July 1984, with the
cover letter to the editor indicating that I had sent a carbon copy to
Moyer at JPL for his comment on the matter. The following is the text
of the letter I submitted:
The speed of light is c+v
During a current literature search, I requested and received a reprint
of a paper [36] published by Theodore D. Moyer of the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory. The paper reports the methods used to obtain accurate
values of range observables for radio and radar signals in the solar
system. The paper's (A6) equation and the accompanying information
that calls for evaluating the position vectors at the signal reception
time is nearly equivalent to the Galilean c+v equation (2) in my paper
RADAR TESTING OF THE RELATIVE VELOCITY OF LIGHT IN SPACE. [18] The
additional terms in the (A6) equation correct for the effects of the
troposphere and charged particles, as well as the general relativity
effects of gravity and velocity time dilation. The fact that the radio
astronomers have been reluctant to acknowledge the full theoretical
implications of their work is probably related to the unfortunate
things that tend to happen to physicists that are rash enough to
challenge Einstein's sacred second postulate. [22] Over twenty-three
years have gone by since the original Venus radar experiments clearly
showed that the speed of light in space was not constant, and still
the average scientist is not aware of this fact! This demonstrates why
it is important for the APS to bring true scientific freedom to the PR
journal's editorial policy. [33]
I received a reply 4 January 1985, from Gloria B. Lubkin, the Acting
Editor following the Davis resignation, in which she said they
reviewed my letter to the editor and have decided against publication.
Since that time I've had two more rejections."
__________________________
[fin de l'extrait]
Pentcho Valev