The behavior you want is not part of the Material specification, so it probably won't appear as a simple parameter in the SliderThemeData, but in Flutter we do try and make it possible for you to customize things if you want something outside of the Material specification. Once
#19216 is fixed, you should be able to do what you want, even if it isn't as trivial as you'd like it to be.
We've found that adding parameters for every possible customization makes our API too heavyweight and (ironically) inflexible, because it causes us to make assumptions about the customizations people will want to do.