Hi Paulo,
We have used FDS and data assimilation techniques in our forecasting
fire dynamics research. I quote from the thesis of Dr Jahn that I
supervised at the University of Edinburgh (2010) [1]:
"This thesis proposes and studies a method to use measurements of the
real event in order to steer and accelerate fire simulations. This
technology aims at providing forecasts of the fire development with a
positive lead time, i.e. the forecast of future events is ready before
those events take place. A simplified fire spread model is
implemented, and sensor data are assimilated into the model in order
to estimate the parameters that characterize the spread model and thus
recover information lost by approximations. The assimilation process
is posed as an inverse problem, which is solved minimizing a non
linear cost function that measures the distance between sensor data
and the forward model. In order to accelerate the optimization
procedure, the ‘tangent linear model’ is implemented, i.e. the forward
model is linearized around the initial guess of the governing
parameters that are to be estimated, thus approximating the cost
function by a quadratic function. The methodology was tested first
with a simple two-zone forward model, and then with a coarse grid
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) fire model as forward model."
As explained in [2], this work and related technologies allow for the
first time to forecast fire dynamics assimilating sensor data and
solving an inverse problem. It would lead to the implementation of
infrastructure protection in smart buildings. This problem had been
deemed previously as "impossible" by experts.
The is a PhD thesis [1] completed last year. Now all chapters have
been published in the litterature. I think you will be most interested
in the two papers using FDS v5 [3, 4]:
*Forecasting Fire Dynamics Using Inverse Computational Fluid Dynamics
and Tangent Linearisation*
in Advances in Engineering Software, 2011.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2011.12.005
(at the time of writing this email, the paper is accepted but in
press, and the corrected proofs are not online yet. They will be
available in a few days. Send me an email if you want a personal copy.
It is Chapter 5 in [1]).
and
*Forecasting Fire Growth using an Inverse CFD Modelling Approach in a
Real-Scale Fire Test*
in Fire Safety Science, 2011.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.10-1349
A recent presentation at the Institute of Physics - Combustion
Modelling for Challenging Application meeting provides an overview of
the work [5]. Other data assimilation work of the same methodology
using a zone model instead was published in [6]. A closely related PhD
thesis using zone model is [7].
We are most interested in feedback from the fire modelling commmunity.
Your comments are welcome.
G.
[1] Wolfram Jahn, "Inverse modelling to forecast enclosure fire
dynamics", PhD Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010.
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3418
[2] A Cowlard, W Jahn, CA Empis, G Rein, JL Torero, Sensor Assisted
Fire Fighting, Fire
Technology 46 (3), 2010.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-008-0069-1
[3] W Jahn, G Rein, JL Torero, Forecasting fire dynamics using inverse
Computational Fluid Dynamics and Tangent Linearisation, Advances in
Engineering Software (in press), 2011.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2011.12.005
[4] W Jahn, G Rein, JL Torero, Forecasting Fire Growth using an
Inverse CFD Modelling Approach in a Real-Scale Fire Test, Fire Safety
Science, 2011, volume 10, pp 1349-1358, (Proceedings of the 10th
International Symposium on Fire Safety Science).
http://dx.doi.org/10.3801/IAFSS.FSS.10-1349
[5] G Rein, Inverse Modelling to Forecast Enclosure Fire Dynamics
(invited lecture), Combustion Modelling for Challenging Application,
Spring Technical Meeting, Institute of Physics, Combustion Group,
Southampton.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/56141346/Forecasting-Fire-Dynamics-IOP-May-2011
[6] W Jahn, G Rein, JL Torero, Forecasting Fire Growth using an
Inverse Zone Modelling Approach, in Fire Safety Journal 46, pp. 81–88,
2011.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2010.10.001
[7] Sung-Han Koo, "Forecasting fire development with sensor-linked
simulation", PhD Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010.
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4187
--
*Dr Guillermo Rein*
Senior Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering
University of Edinburgh
http://www.eng.ed.ac.uk/~grein
"so easy it seemed, Once found, which yet unfounded most would have
thought, Impossible!" J Milton