Standard Voltage In Pakistan

[Aline Braunbeck]

Belowis a complete guide to electricity voltage by country, including single-phase and three-phase voltage, frequency, and plug type. The below table shows the mains voltage by country, which in most incidents is between 220 and 240 volts (50 or 60 Hz) and three-phase between 380 and 415 volts; the table also shows what plug types are used in each country.

As you navigate the table you will notice that the majority of countries have a well-defined power voltage standard, however many African, Asian and South American countries have an array of voltages and plug types which can differ from region to region.

In Pakistan, they use power sockets (outlets) of type C and D. In the United States, you have plugs A and B. You need a power plug adapter in Pakistan for sockets type C and D. The plugs of your electric devices don't fit without.

You need to look for a power plug adapter for sockets type C and type D. Alternatively, choose a world travel adapter that fits multiple sockets, in case you travel more often. Because you need a voltage converter as well (see below), you might want to use a combined travel adapter/voltage converter.

The standard voltage in Pakistan (230 V) is much higher than the voltage level your devices typically operate at in the United States (120 V). Without a converter, you risk serious damage to your devices. Additionally, be aware that the frequency in Pakistan differs.

A voltage converter will ensure a safe input voltage level for your devices in Pakistan. You can find voltage converters at Amazon. Because you also need a power plug adapter, you might want a combined plug adapter/voltage converter.

Be warned if your converter cannot change the frequency. It is not advisable to use your devices. But if you do (at your own risk), exercise special caution with motorized devices and those containing electronic chips, such as clocks, shavers, and medical devices.

To be sure, check the label on your devices. Some devices never need a converter. If the label states 'INPUT: 100-240V, 50/60 Hz' the device can be used in every country in the world. This is common for devices with chargers like tablets/laptops, photo cameras, cell phones, toothbrushes, etc. For these devices you will only need a power plug adapter.

Mains electricity by country includes a list of countries and territories, with the plugs, voltages and frequencies they commonly use for providing electrical power to low voltage appliances, equipment, and lighting typically found in homes and offices. (For industrial machinery, see industrial and multiphase power plugs and sockets.) Some countries have more than one voltage available. For example, in North America, a unique split-phase system is used to supply to most premises that works by center tapping a 240 volts transformer. This system is able to concurrently provide 240 volts and 120 volts. Consequently, this allows homeowners to wire up both 240 V and 120 V circuits as they wish (as regulated by local building codes). Most sockets are connected to 120 V for the use of small appliances and electronic devices, while larger appliances such as dryers, electric ovens, ranges and EV chargers use dedicated 240 V sockets. Different sockets are mandated for different voltage or maximum current levels.

Voltage, frequency, and plug type vary, but large regions may use common standards. Physical compatibility of receptacles may not ensure compatibility of voltage, frequency, or connection to earth (ground), including plugs and cords. In some areas, older standards may still exist. Foreign enclaves, extraterritorial government installations, or buildings frequented by tourists may support plugs not otherwise used in a country, for the convenience of travellers.

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) publishes a web microsite World Plugs[1] which provides the main source for this page, except where other sources are indicated. World Plugs includes some history, a description of plug types, and a list of countries giving the type(s) used and the mains voltage and frequency.

Although useful for quick reference, especially for travellers, IEC World Plugs may not be regarded as totally accurate, as illustrated by the examples in the plugs section below, and errors may exist.

The system of plug types using a single letter (from A to N) used here is from World Plugs, which defines the plug type letters in terms of a general description, without making reference to specific standards. Where a plug does not have a specific letter code assigned to it, then it may be defined by the style sheet number listed in IEC TR 60083.[2] Not all plugs are included in the letter system; for example, there is no designation for the plugs defined by the Thai National Standard TIS 116-2549, though some web sites refer to the three-pin plug described in that standard as "Type O".

(1) It is worth noting that the combination of a Type C, E or F plug with a Type D socket may often be workable; but it is unsafe to use.[36][37] Type C, E & F plugs/sockets are not accepted in the IS 1293 standard. The standard uses Type D sockets for 6 A current and Type M sockets for 16 A current.[38][39][40][41]

(2) From August 2015, the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) began clamping down on the sale in the country of imported products with the Type C/E/F plug by pushing manufacturers and importers to comply with the IS 1293 standard.[42] In June 2022, BIS began enforcing the standard through mandatory certification of both imported and domestic products.[43]

(3) British Type G sockets are common in Riau Islands due to their close proximity to Singapore. British Type G sockets are often used as dedicated sockets for air conditioners as well.[citation needed]

The 732B is a direct voltage standard with 10V and 1.018V outputs. Fluke's 734A is a direct voltage reference standard that consists of four 732Bs that are mechanically and electrically isolated, housed in a rack-mountable enclosure.

Each standard is small, light and rugged, ideal for shipment. The long 72-hour battery life allows the 732B to be shipped over long distances under power. An optional external battery and charger extends battery life still further, to more than 130 hours.

Confidence

The 732B is based on the proven technology of the 732A, the first standards lab quality electronic reference to gain acceptance as a replacement for saturated standard cells. Originally designed for internal transfers of the Fluke Calibration corporate volt to the production floor, thousands are now in service world-wide in a variety of applications -- from maintaining an institutional reference to transferring values from national labs or privately-operated 10V Josephson Arrays.

I recently called an boiler technician, and while he was doing his think,he noted that the electricity in my house is on 270 volts.

I think the standard for my country is 205 to 245 and this is like 10% above the maximum.

Is any of this devices in danger ? For one year ago I had to replace all (normal old) light bulbs with energy saving light bulbs ... cose they burned on every 2-3 week.

Also there are constant problem with the Air Conditioning on extreme weather.

It is possible but EXTREMELY unlikely that the voltage is that high.

There are reasons why it can be and may be in some cases but it would not usually be in the interests of the supply company.

If you live at the transformer end of a very long distribution line with many houses etc and the reading was done at a low load period AND the supplier is a "cowboy" and trying to save money they MAY have set the system up so people at the far end get OK voltage during high load periods. This MAY save them money on copper lines.

BUT it is more likely that the measurement was not accurate - as others have said - spiky voltage due to industrial loads, low quality meter etc. Getting a measurement made by an independent competent person would be wise. The supply authority may help but if they have done it on purpose their answer may not be accurate.

Voltages that high might damage many things.

Bulgarian mains is nominally 230 VAC 50 Hz and 220 - 240 VAC would be expected.

270/230 = +17 %.

For heating power rises with v^2 .

(270/230)^2 = +38%.

Heating elements resistances tend to rise with temperature so you would probably not see the full +38% but power consumption would be up. With thermostats this would make no difference to power use but reliability may suffer.

Do it yourself. A basic multitester with an AC mains capable range should be accurate to 5% or better. Measure at various times of day. If you get a very high reading when not power is being used (early hours of morning. middle of afternoon in mild weather) and much lower readings during heavy load periods, be suspicious.

Note that cheap meters may have a high voltage AC range but be marginally safe or unsafe for mains AC measurement. Consult the handbook or supplier to check. Inadequately rated meters have the potential to kill you when connected to mains AC!

The #1 reason for measuring a voltage and getting an unexpectedly high reading is a dying battery in a handheld multimeter. The reading is a ratio to the internal reference so as the reference begins to go out of regulation the reading rises above the correct value. There is usually some kind of indication such as a battery symbol on the LCD, but it is usually fairly subtle.

On the question of billing, Electricity meters usually measure power, so having a higher or lower voltage will generally not mean you are being charged for more or less power than you're getting. You might, however, not want the power. For example an incandescent light bulb will be brighter with a higher voltage, and you will have to pay for that extra brightness whether you want it or not.

The costs to your supplier are largely related to current rather than voltage an P=V*I so if you're getting a higher voltage less current will be needed per watt, and this in turn reduces losses in the supply network.

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