hi,
You can attach breakpoints and then view some of the variables value within visual studio. However some of the excel objects are complex so you may not be able to view all the properties. You must put a break point where code is running on the main thread.
There is a immediate window = Press Ctrl+ Alt + I
You can give commands starting with ? similar to immediate window in excel however you may get issues for com objects if Visual Studio is not able to get you the value from excel.
The locals window is also very helpful.
HTH