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在美国南部的白人至上主义运动兴起的原因包括以下几个方面。首先,在南方需要大量的黑人奴隶的农民为他们工作,所以他们支持白人至上主义运动,以确保美国南方的奴隶制的实施。其次,为了维持社会的白人统治,撒克逊白人提出的白人至上主义者帮助其他欧洲白人移民融入领导和管理当地社区尽快当地社区。最后,“白人自由主义者”想要赋予黑人与自由,但他们不想给他们平等的政治权利,为了解决这个矛盾,白人至上主义运动被提出,考虑到白人和黑人代表智慧,勤奋,没有这种品质,所以他们不可能有政治权利。
Analyze the rise and impact of white supremacist movements in the South. Explain the causes for their rise, identify the segments of society involved, and describe the impact they had on southern society and politics. Did white supremacists accomplish what they set out to do? Make sure that you provide evidence to support your thesis.
The causes of the rise of white supremacist movements in the South included the following aspects. Firstly, farmers in the South needed a lot of black slaves to work for them, so they supported white supremacist movements, to ensure the implementation of slavery in the American South (Scott, One Drop of Blood: The American Misadventure of Race, 174 -184). Secondly, in order to maintain white dominance of the society, Anglo-Saxon whites proposed white supremacist to help other white European immigrants to integrate into the local communities to lead and manage the local communities as soon as possible (Roediger, Working Toward Whiteness: How American Immigrants Became White, 105-115). Finally, the "white liberals" wanted to endow blacks with freedom for, but they did not want to give them equal political rights, in order to resolve this conflict, white supremacist movements have been proposed, considering that whites are wisdom, hard-working representatives, and blacks did not have such quality, so they could not have political rights (Scott, One Drop of Blood: The American Misadventure of Race, 174 -184).
The segments of society involved in the white supremacist movements included: farmers, they would wish to preserve slavery(Scott, One Drop of Blood: The American Misadventure of Race, 174 -184); white working class, they wanted to have more job opportunities and welfare; ordinary poor whites, they hoped to maintain their status, pride, and a large measure of freedom through white supremacist movements; descendants of foreign whites immigrants, as they did not want their work to be snatched by blacks (Frye, Whiteness of a Different Color: European Immigrants and the Alchemy of Race, 11-21.).
The impact of white supremacist movements in the South on southern society and politics were represented in the following aspects. They caused continuous ethnic conflicts between whites and blacks in southern society, even racial attacks have occurred. The right of most of southern blacks’ to participate in politics was deprived, before the implementation of the Voting Rights Act in 1965, the voting rate of blacks was about 20 percent. A large number of blacks went to the cities in the north because their political, economic rights and t heir right-to-work were not properly guaranteed. In the 1940s, a million of blacks left the South, in the 1950s, 1.5 million blacks migrated (Scott, One Drop of Blood: The American Misadventure of Race, 174 -184).
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Now it seems that white supremacist movements did not fully achieve the intended purpose. First, the political status of blacks has been significantly improved, the voting rate has been improved greatly, more and more black people have played an active role in the local governments and the parliament. Second, the discrimination of local laws towards blacks has been significantly reduced, in most cases, blacks and whites have the same job opportunities and rights. Finally, the talent of blacks especially in sports, music and other aspects has been increasingly recognized by the society, so that blacks also play an important role in the local society.