Proof of capturing ambient temperature energy
Paul
For nearly the last several weeks I took a break from the simulation
programs to provide a *simple* experiment so that anyone could finally
believe it is possible to capture energy from ambient temperature.
This is merely an experiment to prove the point, as it provides very
little energy.
I made a new wiki page -->
http://peswiki.com/index.php/Site:Ambient_energy_to_electricity
Here's the article -->
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The following describes a simple method of capturing and storing
ambient temperature energy.
It's not my present goal or interest to focus on the 2nd law. There's
a well-taken 2nd law quote in the physics community by physicist P.W.
Bridgman, "There are almost as many formulations of the second law as
there have been discussions of it." Truthfully, there are too many
2nd law formulations, as one physicist may adhere to a stricter
interpretation than another. My only assertion is that energy can be
captured from ambient temperature, and here is how.
Here is a clear-cut method to demonstrate the assertion. Using a low
noise high gain amp and oscilloscope view a resistors thermal noise.
This is an extremely simple task. I would be more than happy to
provide anyone legitimately interested individual with a simple
circuits to view such noise. You will see the thermal noise voltage
fluctuating in a random unpredictable fashion. Guess what, you are
witnessing a direct conversion from ambient temperature energy to
battery storage. A capacitor stores energy in the form of electric
potential. So where's the capacitor you ask. All measuring devices
from common amps to oscilloscopes have input capacitance. If you want
more capacitance than simply place a small capacitor across the
resistor. You will still see the thermal noise voltage, but the
average rms voltage amplitude will decrease. There's now a total of 4
pF if your amp has 2 pF input and you add a 2pF across the resistor.
Lets say at a given moment you see 10 mV across the capacitor. At
that moment you could unplug the capacitor to claim your energy. LOL,
indeed it's a small amount of energy, but it is true that you actually
captured energy from ambient temperature. If you want more energy
then simply make more devices.
Please note I am not stating this is your "smoking gun!" This is
***MERELY*** to demonstrate the possibility, to let people know it is
indeed possible!! If you have the money and technology such as IBM
then it's possible to make trillions of such devices in a small area.
One device could be a nanometer. One hundred trillion 2 pF capacitors
at 10 mV each contains 10 mJ's of energy. If memory holds true, the
human eye in complete darkness can see a flash of red focused light of
less than 1 nJ. One 780 nm red light photon contains just 2.5E-19
J's!
Ten mJ's may not sound like much, but it merely demonstrates that you
can capture energy from ambient temperature. This is not the best
method of capturing ambient temperature energy, but again it merely
proves the assertion.
Again, in the nutshell, a resistor generates thermal voltage noise.
All measuring devices from common amps to oscilloscopes to multimeters
always have a certain amount of capacitance. When you measured that
thermal noise voltage that capacitor in the measuring device is
charged to that value. You can also add your own capacitor across the
resistor. Your capacitor would be completely discharged before you add
it, but at any given moment once the capacitor is connected to the
resistor their will be a certain charged voltage on the capacitor. At
any given moment you could unplug the capacitor to retain such energy.
You could perform the same experiment with an inductor since all
measuring devices have inductance.
What you do with such energy is your choice. One hundred 2 pF
capacitors charged to 10 mV is very usable. That's equal to a 200
farad capacitor charged to 10 mV. You could discharge the cap energy
to an inductor followed by a quick field collapse to generate
appreciable amount of voltage across a smaller cap. Or you could place
a percentage of the caps in series to increase the voltage, etc. etc.
Skeptics may wonder just how much energy is required to "unplug" the
capacitor. There is no theoretical limit. How much energy does it
require to move a nanometer filament a fraction of a nanometer?
History demonstrates that the amount of energy required from an
electrical switch has drastically decreased. Consider the FET, which
on average has roughly 1E+12 ohms DC resistance. Sure, the FET has
capacitance, but that in itself is stored energy. This is akin to how
much energy is require to stop an object. One might think it requires
a lot pressure to stop the object. Consider a spinning wheel next to a
table. On the table is a hollow metal tube welded to the table. To
stop the spinning wheel one merely needs to slide a metal bar in the
hollow tube extending out the other end of the hollow tube, which jams
in the wheels spokes, which abruptly stops the spinning wheel. The
only amount of energy required to stop the wheel merely depends how
much energy was required to slide the metal bar to jam the spokes.
On many occasions I've described a device that has far higher
potential for "free energy" than the aforementioned example. The above
is to provide a simple undeniable clear-cut example. Of course there
will always be those who will deny anything that goes against their
beliefs. A more practical device that requires ***NO*** energy such as
from a switch would be my resistor and LED device. The thermal
voltage noise from the resistor will generate thermal current in the
LED. All LED's emit photos at any applied voltage. It just turns out
the LED is exponentially more efficient above the forward voltage
level. In such a device the LED would emit more photons when connected
to a resistor of high resistance.
Lets consider photovoltaic cells. Even at room temperature in
complete darkness (no solar) there are visible light photons striking
the cell. I calculate a 10 cm x 10 cm common solar cell would
generate roughly 1E-30 volts. Not much voltage, lol, but still
something nonetheless. The amount of radiated blackbody energy is
small in the visible region. Although the FIR region is another
story. Both sides of a thin sheet of 1m x 1m material radiates
roughly 920 watts continuously in complete darkness at room
temperature. Technology is improving, thereby allowing photovoltaic
cells to capture lower and lower frequencies. A Canadian university
succeeded in creating a 1355 nm photovoltaic cell! That's only 1/11th
the wavelength away from the peak 15000 nm 920 watts/m^2 blackbody 300
K radiation. BTW, blackbody radiation at 1355 nm is 2E+18 times
greater than visible region of 600 nm. To calculate this I compared
the radiation from 16667 to 16677 cm^-1, which is 3.907E-29 watts to
7380 to 7390 cm^-1, which is 7.499e-11 watts.
University of Toronto in Canada achieves 1355 nm photovoltaic cell:
http://nanotechweb.org/articles/news/4/1/7/1
Eventually technology will reach the peak 15000 nm region where a thin
double sided 1m x 1m sheet receives ~920 watts. It's difficult for a
person to believe they are surrounded by a source "free energy"
because we don't see such energy with our eyes.
Regards,
Paul Lowrance
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