Doki Doki Literature Club! (often shortened to DDLC) is a 2017 freeware visual novel developed by American independent game studio Team Salvato for Linux, macOS, and Windows. The story follows a student who reluctantly joins his high school's literature club at the insistence of his friend Sayori, and is given the option to romantically pursue her, Yuri, or Natsuki. Club president Monika also features heavily in the game's plot. The game features a non-traditional plot structure with multiple endings and unlockable cutscenes with each of the main characters. Although it initially appears to be a light-hearted dating simulator, it is actually a metafictional psychological horror game that extensively breaks the fourth wall.[1][2]
The game was developed in an estimated two-year period by a team led by Dan Salvato, previously known for his modding work as part of Project M. According to Salvato, the inspiration for the game came from his mixed feelings toward anime and a fascination for surreal and unsettling experiences. The game was initially distributed through itch.io, and later became available on Steam. Upon its release, Doki Doki Literature Club! received positive critical attention for its successful use of horror elements and unconventional nature within the visual novel genre. The game also inspired various internet memes and achieved a large online following.
Doki Doki Literature Club! is a visual novel. As such, its gameplay has a low level of interactivity and consists of scenes with static two-dimensional images of characters in a first-person perspective, accompanied by occasional choices the player is required to make in order to advance the plot. The descriptions and dialogue are depicted in the form of accompanying text without voice acting. The game's narration is provided by the game's protagonist (whom the player controls), a member of the titular literature club, to which he was invited by his childhood friend Sayori.[4][5][6] Choices the protagonist makes affect the development of his relationships with key female characters Sayori, Yuri, and Natsuki, but ultimately have little effect on the outcome of the game.[7]
The characters' interactions with the protagonist are primarily influenced by a minigame in which the player is required to compose a poem from a set of randomly selected individual words. Each girl in the literature club has different word preferences, and will react positively when the player picks a word that they like.[4][5][6][7] The characters' reactions are stylized in the form of miniature chibi avatars of the characters which are displayed at the bottom of the screen during the minigame, and which will jump given the opportunity as a response to the player selecting one of their favorite words;[4] Monika is not able to be romanced in this way, which later affects the plot of the game. Depending on the results of these minigames, the player will experience scenes for whatever character liked that particular poem the most.[6][7] The narrative is divided into three acts and an epilogue, with the game restarting each time.[8] At a certain point, the player must manipulate the game's files in order to advance the narrative.[9]
Doki Doki Literature Club Plus! features the entire main campaign of the original game, but includes a "virtual desktop" allowing access to character files without needing to manipulate computer files, as well as unlockable images, soundtrack, story-related content, and several new "side stories". The new content is unlocked by completing the main campaign, as well as the side stories. The new stories depict characterization of the relationships between the four club members, as well as the formation of the literature club, without any interaction from the player.
The unnamed protagonist is invited by his cheerful best friend Sayori to join their high school's literature club as a remedy for his introverted nature.[4][5][6] He reluctantly agrees and meets the other members of the club: assertive Natsuki, shy Yuri, and club president Monika.[4][6][7][10] At the end of each day, the members are prompted to write a poem and share it with the other members the next day. Eventually, as the club prepares for the school's upcoming cultural festival in which the members intend to share their poems with a wider audience, Sayori reveals to the protagonist that she has depression.[11] The protagonist assists either Yuri or Natsuki with their tasks, each of them attempting to kiss the protagonist before he encounters Sayori again. The protagonist can either confess to Sayori or friendzone her. Regardless, the following day, Monika passively shows the protagonist an uncharacteristically morbid poem by Sayori that repeatedly orders someone to "get out of [her] head". Realizing that something has happened to Sayori, the protagonist rushes to her home to find that she has hanged herself, and the game abruptly ends.[8][11]
The player is sent back to the main menu, with all previous save files erased.[12] Upon starting a new game, the story repeats itself, but Sayori is glaringly absent and the other characters do not remember her existence. Monika introduces the protagonist to the club in lieu of Sayori. Events proceed similarly to the original playthrough, but some text is rendered illegible, the character sprites undergo sporadic distortions, and what appear to be computer glitches become commonplace.[11][13] Aside from the game's frequent distortions, it is revealed through dialogue and unlockable "special poems" that Natsuki is malnourished and being abused by her father; meanwhile, Yuri gradually becomes unstable, obsessive, and prone to self-harm.[8] When the planning stage for the cultural festival is reached, a heated argument breaks out over who the protagonist will help. After the player is forced to choose Monika, Yuri ejects Monika and Natsuki from the room before confessing her love for the protagonist. Whether or not the protagonist accepts Yuri's confession, she stabs herself in the stomach and dies; the game's broken script forces the motionless protagonist to watch Yuri's corpse slowly decompose over the weekend.[11] When Natsuki returns upon the script resetting, she is horrified and nauseated at the sight of Yuri's body and flees. Monika appears and apologizes to the protagonist for his "boring" weekend before compensating by deleting Yuri's and Natsuki's character files from the game and sending the player back to the main menu.[8]
Depending on the course of action taken by the player, the game can come to two possible conclusions during the epilogue. The traditional ending sees Sayori introducing herself as the president of the club and expressing her gratitude to the player for dispelling Monika. However, she immediately adopts Monika's negative characteristics, with Monika intervening via text prompt and removing Sayori from the game to save the player. Upon realizing that her efforts to make amends have been fruitless, Monika deletes the whole game as the end credits roll; she also plays a song called "Your Reality" that she wrote for the player. The game concludes with a note from Monika stating that she has disbanded the club because "no happiness can be found" in it, but she thanks the player for joining the club regardless.[8]
A more positive ending occurs if the player has viewed all of the optional cutscenes and confessed to Sayori prior to witnessing her suicide, which requires saving and loading several times before that point.[14] Though still self-aware, Sayori instead expresses her gratitude to the player for emotionally supporting all the members, tearfully bids farewell, and assures the player that all the members love them. Monika then plays "Your Reality" during the credits without deleting the game. After the game locks, the player is presented with a message from the game's developer Dan Salvato, describing his intentions behind creating the game and his opinions on video games as a whole. He then thanks the player for playing the game and joining the club as the game closes.[15]
An earlier ending occurs if the player pre-emptively deletes Monika's file from the directory before starting a new game, in which Sayori is subsequently made the default leader of the club. Upon realizing the true nature of the game and her role in it, she panics and closes the game. Opening the game again will display an image of Sayori having hanged herself; if the image is left onscreen for 10 minutes, the words "now everyone can be happy" will appear next to it.[14]
In addition to the entire main story, Doki Doki Literature Club Plus! features six new side stories, entitled Trust, Understanding, Respect, Balance, Reflection, and Self-Love, as well as an additional shorter seventh story, Equals. The stories depict the meeting and relationships between the four club members, as well as the formation of the club up until the beginning of the main campaign, with each of the first six stories focusing on a conflict and resolution between two of the characters and the seventh focusing on the friendship between all four of them. Unlike the main campaign, the side stories do not feature any horror elements or discussion of sentience among any of the characters.
As a fictionalized account of how the game was developed, other story-related content is accessible from within the virtual desktop in the form of an email inbox for a company referred to as "Metaverse Enterprise Solutions", as well as within the virtual desktop's file folder. Collecting this content tells of a group of researchers from the company who were attempting to utilize a virtual machine referred to as "VM1" to create a simulated universe. The resulting universe contained four entities, one of whom, "A", is granted elevated permissions to access the kernel code, referred to as "Monitor Kernel Access". The universe and entities are studied during events paralleling those of the game's main campaign, and the emails and files discuss the researcher's observations and monitoring of the events, with the stated goal being to observe how "A" would react to the discovery of their artificial existence, in order to analyze the possibility of the true universe being a simulation. Later discussion is given on the creation of a second "control" universe within VM1, in which "A" is not made aware of their elevated permissions, paralleling the events and settings of the side stories. It is later mentioned that a small group of researchers, who initially refer to themselves as "Team Salvation", plan to transform the contents of VM1 into a visual novel format in order to ensure security of the project, implying that the events of Doki Doki Literature Club Plus! depict the contents of both universes within VM1.
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