In the 1970s, the BCG created and popularized the "growth-share
matrix", a simple chart to assist large corporations in deciding how to
allocate cash among their business units. The corporation would
categorize its business units as "Stars", "Cash Cows", "Question
Marks", and "Dogs", and then allocate cash accordingly, moving money
from cash cows toward "stars" and "question marks" that had higher
market growth rates, and hence higher upside potential.
The chart was popular for two decades and "continues to be used as a
primer in the principles of portfolio management," as the BCG says.