Bcc Automotive Pte Ltd

[Cortney Voegele]

Theautomotive industry comprises a wide range of companies and organizations involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, selling, repairing, and modification of motor vehicles.[1] It is one of the world's largest industries by revenue (from 16% such as in France up to 40% to countries like Slovakia).[2][failed verification]

The automotive industry began in the 1860s with hundreds of manufacturers pioneering the horseless carriage. Early car manufacturing involved manual assembly by a human worker. The process evolved from engineers working on a stationary car, to a conveyor belt system where the car passed through multiple stations of more specialized engineers. Starting in the 1960s, robotic equipment was introduced to the process, and most cars are now mainly assembled by automated machinery.[5]

For many decades, the United States led the world in total automobile production, with the U.S. Big Three General Motors, Ford Motor Company, and Chrysler being the world's three largest auto manufacturers for a time, and G.M. and Ford remaining the two largest until the mid-2000s. In 1929, before the Great Depression, the world had 32,028,500 automobiles in use, of which the U.S. automobile enterprises produced more than 90%. At that time, the U.S. had one car per 4.87 persons.[6] After 1945, the U.S. produced around three-quarters of the world's auto production. In 1980, the U.S. was overtaken by Japan and then became a world leader again in 1994. Japan narrowly passed the U.S. in production during 2006 and 2007, and in 2008 also China, which in 2009 took the top spot (from Japan) with 13.8 million units, although the U.S. surpassed Japan in 2011, to become the second-largest automobile industry. In 2023, China had for the first time in history more than 30 million produced vehicles a year, after reaching 29 million for the first time in 2017 and 28 million the year before. From 1970 (140 models) over 1998 (260 models) to 2012 (684 models), the number of automobile models in the U.S. has grown exponentially.[7]

Safety is a state that implies being protected from any risk, danger, damage, or cause of injury. In the automotive industry, safety means that users, operators, or manufacturers do not face any risk or danger coming from the motor vehicle or its spare parts. Safety for the automobiles themselves implies that there is no risk of damage.

Safety in the automotive industry is particularly important and therefore highly regulated. Automobiles and other motor vehicles have to comply with a certain number of regulations, whether local or international, in order to be accepted on the market. The standard ISO 26262, is considered one of the best practice frameworks for achieving automotive functional safety.[8]

In case of safety issues, danger, product defect, or faulty procedure during the manufacturing of the motor vehicle, the maker can request to return either a batch or the entire production run. This procedure is called product recall. Product recalls happen in every industry and can be production-related or stem from raw materials.

Product and operation tests and inspections at different stages of the value chain are made to avoid these product recalls by ensuring end-user security and safety and compliance with the automotive industry requirements. However, the automotive industry is still particularly concerned about product recalls, which cause considerable financial consequences.

In 2007, there were about 806 million cars and light trucks on the road, consuming over 980 billion litres (980,000,000 m3) of gasoline and diesel fuel yearly.[9] The automobile is a primary mode of transportation for many developed economies. The Detroit branch of Boston Consulting Group predicted that, by 2014, one-third of world demand would be in the four BRIC markets (Brazil, Russia, India, and China). Meanwhile, in developed countries, the automotive industry has slowed.[10] It is also expected that this trend will continue, especially as the younger generations of people (in highly urbanized countries) no longer want to own a car, and prefer other modes of transport.[11] Other potentially powerful automotive markets are Iran and Indonesia.[12]Emerging automobile markets already buy more cars than established markets.

According to a J.D. Power study, emerging markets accounted for 51 percent of the global light-vehicle sales in 2010. The study, performed in 2010 expected this trend to accelerate.[13][14] However, more recent reports (2012) confirmed the opposite; namely that the automotive industry was slowing down even in BRIC countries.[10] In the United States, vehicle sales peaked in 2000, at 17.8 million units.[15]

In July 2021, the European Commission released its "Fit for 55" legislation package,[16] which contains important guidelines for the future of the automotive industry; all new cars on the European market must be zero-emission vehicles from 2035.[17]

The governments of 24 developed countries and a group of major car manufacturers including GM, Ford, Volvo, BYD Auto, Jaguar Land Rover and Mercedes-Benz committed to "work towards all sales of new cars and vans being zero emission globally by 2040, and by no later than 2035 in leading markets".[18][19] Major car manufacturing nations like the United States, Germany, China, Japan and South Korea, as well as Volkswagen, Toyota, Peugeot, Honda, Nissan and Hyundai, did not pledge.[20]

The global automotive industry is a major consumer of water. Some estimates surpass 180,000 L (39,000 imp gal) of water per car manufactured, depending on whether tyre production is included. Production processes that use a significant volume of water include surface treatment, painting, coating, washing, cooling, air-conditioning, and boilers, not counting component manufacturing. Paintshop operations consume especially large amounts of water because equipment running on water-based products must also be cleaned with water.[23]

The OICA counts over 50 countries that assemble, manufacture, or disseminate automobiles. Of those, only 15 countries (boldfaced in the list below) currently possess the capability to design original production automobiles from the ground up, and 17 countries (listed below) have at least one million produced vehicles a year (as of 2023).[53]

As technology shapes vehicle functions, features, commerciality, and even design, vehicle manufacturers need a ubiquitous, flexible architecture that simplifies the challenges they face. The Arm architecture is uniquely positioned to address the size, scale, and complexity of both software and hardware solutions for functional safety, cyber security, and real-time processing.

Arm Automotive Enhanced solutions provide a foundational compute architecture and IP that make it easy for partners to innovate, deliver AI capabilities throughout the vehicle, and help accelerate software time to market. Arm and our partner ecosystem deliver these technologies to help the industry build the future of automotive.

The IVI system is the main interaction that drivers have with their car. Powered by cutting-edge technology, this digital experience is continually expanding and will become a significant source of future revenue. However, the amount of technology and device interfaces means IVIs can be vulnerable to malicious attacks. It is vital to get the right IVI computing solution to protect vehicle and driver data.

A huge challenge is how to migrate the thousands of small but vital microcontrollers (MCUs) and electronic control units (ECUs) and their individually coded software into a manageable vehicle architecture for future delivery. Arm automotive solutions help vehicle manufacturers take control of the supply chain and benefit the wider automotive ecosystem.

Artificial intelligence in cars is growing exponentially, due to an ever-increasing number of driver assistance features being developed with advancements in ADAS. These features use computer vision and sensor fusion, as well as in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) functionalities that produce improvements in voice and speech recognition.

Industry collaboration, standards, modern methodology, and vision stimulation are the four key pillars that can help make software-defined vehicles a reality. These are all practical approaches that the automotive and technology industries can take now to accelerate our path to software-defined vehicles and address the key challenges ahead.

Fast-track certification of safety-critical systems with the Arm Safety Ready portfolio and solutions from our functional safety partners. Arm provides a foundation for safety in automotive compute that reduces the burden, complexity, and time to bring new vehicles to market.

To establish trust and ensure the integrity of all assets in the automotive industry, we collaborate closely with our ecosystem, enabling highly robust system architectures, supporting open-source software, and ensuring adherence to product security standards.

Arm's Automotive Enhanced (AE) suite of IP has been a cornerstone of automotive development for many years. The portfolio encompasses a full range of AE products covering Arm Neoverse, Arm Cortex-A, Arm Cortex-R and Arm Cortex-M, Arm Mali GPUs, and ISPs, interconnects, tools, and integration software.

These provide the full compute foundational requirements for partners and vehicle manufacturers. This includes high-performance automotive-specific processors, microcontrollers (MCUs), hybrid safety modes, and built-in cyber security.

Together with our unique partner ecosystem, Arm provides startups the confidence needed to translate a transformational idea from inspiration into production. See how Arm Flexible Access for Startups provides access to a broad portfolio of extensively verified IP, tools and training, with a $0 license fee to develop your SoC.

With the automotive market experiencing change at an unprecedented rate, Flex offers the solutions and services that matter most. Like flexible business models to suit the needs of our customers, advanced product design capabilities, broad cross-industry expertise, and world-class manufacturing and supply chain capabilities.

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