Hi Subhankar,
The domain of frequency domain analysis forms a vast subject by itself known as Fourier Analysis which is a very strong mathematical concept. I would suggest you to get familiar with Fourier Analysis by referring to some books. I'm from optics background and use Fourier Optics by Joseph Goodman as by bible for this subject. (For you i would suggest some signal processing book which u can get in your library easily).
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Science has proof without any certainty. Creationists have certainty without any proof.
With best regards,
Manish Kumar
MSc(Physics) Sri Sathya Sai University
M.Tech Applied Optics (Dept.of Physics)
IITDelhi