Access key--- U must know this..
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Access key
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For the use of access keys in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:Keyboard shortcuts.
In a web browser, an access key or accesskey allows a computer user
immediately to jump to a specific part of a web page via the keyboard.
They were introduced in 1999 and quickly achieved near-universal
browser support.
In the summer of 2002, a Canadian Web Accessibility[1] consultancy did
an informal survey to see if implementing accesskeys caused issues for
users of adaptive technology, especially screen reading technology
used by blind and low vision users. These users require numerous
keyboard shortcuts to access web pages, as “pointing and clicking” a
mouse is not an option for them. Their research showed that most key
stroke combinations did in fact present a conflict for one or more of
these technologies, and their final recommendation was to avoid using
accesskeys altogether.
In XHTML 2, a revised web authoring language, the HTML Working Group
of the World Wide Web Consortium deprecated the accesskey attribute in
favor of the XHTML Role Access Module. However, XHTML 2 has been
retired in favor of HTML 5, which (as of August 2009) continues to
permit accesskeys.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Access in different browsers
o 1.1 Multiple access keys
* 2 Specifying access keys
* 3 Use of standard access key mappings
o 3.1 UK Government recommendation for access keys
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links
[edit] Access in different browsers
A more complete list, which browser support the HTML Access keys are
compared in the comparison of web browsers.
In most web browsers, the user invokes the access key by pressing Alt
(on PC) or Ctrl (on Mac) simultaneously with the appropriate character
on the keyboard.
Web Browser Modifier Effect Notes
Amaya Ctrl or Alt Adjustable in preferences
Blazer Element is activated immediately upon key press. No modifier
is needed for this web browser used on mobile devices.
Camino Ctrl
Google Chrome 3 and higher Alt on Windows and Linux (Note: ⇧ Shift is
required in some circumstances)
Ctrl + ⌥ Opt on Mac
Supported in versions of Chrome >2.x
Firefox 2, 3, & 4 Alt+⇧ Shift on Windows and Linux[2][3]
Ctrl on Mac[2]
Prior to version 2.0 Firefox used just Alt;
configurable via about:config[2]
Internet Explorer Alt Prior to IE8, Alt + Access Key focused on the
element, but required ↵ Enter to be pressed in order to activate the
element
Konqueror Ctrl The modifier key must be released before the regular
key is pressed.
Opera ⇧ Shift+Esc The modifier key must be released before the
regular key is pressed. Once the modifier key is released, browser
lists the set of access keys on that page with action and user can hit
the desired key. Configurable via Graphical user interface
Safari 3 Ctrl for Mac
Alt for Windows
Safari 4 and higher Ctrl+⌥ Opt on Mac
Alt on Windows
[edit] Multiple access keys
If multiple identical accesskeys are assigned within the same
document, IE will tab through them on each keypress (IE will tab
backwards if ⇧ Shift is pressed as well). This way, elements can be
logically grouped in various accesskey rings for easier navigation. IE
4.0 only supported letters of the English alphabet as accesskeys.
Firefox 2.0 will activate the last of a group of elements assigned the
same accesskey.
[edit] Specifying access keys
Access keys are specified in HTML using the accesskey attribute. The
value of an element’s accesskey attribute is the key the user will
press (typically in combination with one or more other keys, as
defined by the browser) in order to activate or focus that element.
Though the accesskey attribute sets the key that can be pressed it
does not automatically notify the user of the bound access key. One
convention is for the page author to show the access key value by
using the <u> tag to underline the a letter in the link’s text
corresponding to the accesskey assigned. For the link below a user
would press Alt+H on a PC, Ctrl+H on a Mac (the command key can give
undesired results) and ⇧ Shift+Esc+H on Opera to be directed to
index.html.
<a href="index.html" accesskey="h">Home</a>
or to emphasize ‹H›:
<a href="index.html" accesskey="h"><em>H</em>ome</a>
alternatively, the following CSS can be used to indicate the character:
*[accesskey]:after {content:' [' attr(accesskey) ']'}
Emphasize <em> isn’t necessary, but can be useful to the user. It
helps them identify which key to press to navigate to where they want
to. Another possible way of displaying which accesskeys do what is to
create a page with all the accesskeys displayed. Or the webmaster
could do both. Another option for the end user is to install a user
script such as FireFox Access Bar for GreaseMonkey.
[edit] Use of standard access key mappings
As of 2004, a standard emerged using numbers, which promotes
consistency and enables users more easily to predict keyboard
shortcuts on different sites. These include, for example, 1 to go to
the homepage, 4 for search, 9 for contact, and others.[4] This scheme
is now in use on popular sites such as ft.com and bbc.co.uk , as well
as being built into popular message board software such as vBulletin
and ultimatebb.
[edit] UK Government recommendation for access keys
* S - Skip navigation
* 1 - Home page
* 2 - What’s new
* 3 - Site map
* 4 - Search
* 5 - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
* 6 - Help
* 7 - Complaints procedure
* 8 - Terms and conditions
* 9 - Feedback form
* 0 - Access key details
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