The killing of a 12 years young boy - CALLUM MACRAE
It
is a war that has produced some truly terrible images, but this one is
particularly disturbing. A young boy sits looking distressed, like a
child who has been lost in a supermarket. He has been given a biscuit or
some kind of snack. In the second photograph, he is looking anxiously
up, as though hoping to see someone he recognises.
The boy is Balachandran Prabakaran, the 12-year-old son of Tamil Tiger leader Velupillai Prabakaran.
These
photographs, which we are releasing today, form part of the new
evidence in the forthcoming feature documentary “No War Zone: The
Killing Fields of Sri Lanka,” the culmination of three years of research
which will be shown for the first time next month in Geneva, to
coincide with the U.N. Human Rights Council meeting. The new evidence in
the film is certain to increase pressure on the Indian government not
only to support a resolution on Sri Lanka and accountability, but also
to ensure that it is robustly worded, and that it outlines an effective
plan for international action to end impunity in Sri Lanka.
The
new photographs tell a chilling story. This child is not been lost of
course: he has been captured and is being held in a sandbag bunker,
apparently guarded by a Sri Lankan Army soldier. In less than two hours
he will be taken, executed in cold blood — and then photographed again.
Forensic pathologist’s opinion
In
these photographs, which digital image analysis indicates were taken
with the same camera, we can see he has been shot five times in the
chest. Separate video footage, also apparently filmed as a war trophy by
government soldiers, shows that alongside him lie the bodies of five
men. They appear to have been Tamil Tiger fighters, probably his
bodyguards. They have been stripped, bound, blindfolded and then shot in
the head.
The new photographs are particularly important
evidentially, because they prove that Balachandran was not killed in
crossfire, or in a battle. His death was deliberate and calculated. The
pictures fill in chilling details on the circumstances of his murder —
and leave the Sri Lankan government with yet more questions to answer
about just how systematic the executions at the end of the war appear to
have been. Last year, we first revealed video footage and stills which
showed Balachandran’s body shortly after his execution. These were
analysed for us by a respected forensic pathologist, Professor Derrick
Pounder, to assess the cause of death.
The professor identified
what he thinks is the first of the shots to be fired at the boy: “There
is a speckling (on the skin) from propellant tattooing, indicating that
the distance of the muzzle of the weapon to this boy’s chest was two to
three feet or less. He could have reached out with his hand and touched
the gun that killed him.”
The professor said the angle of the
shots suggested that after that bullet was fired, the boy fell backwards
and was then shot four more times. Unlike the men around him, there was
no indication that the boy had been blindfolded or bound, so it was
possible that the boy may have been made to watch the execution of his
guards before the gun was turned on him.
The new photographs
released today give us a chilling insight into what happened before
that. They appear to demonstrate that the situation was calm and
orderly. Balachandran was given a snack and some water. There was time
to take photographs while he was held in the bunker and again
afterwards. The forensic analysis report on the photographs concludes
that there is “no evidence to indicate fabrication, manipulation or the
use of effects to create the images” and concludes that the photographs
“appear to be an accurate representation of the events depicted.”
From
the separate video sequence recorded later (which has also been
authenticated by both digital video analysis), it is clear that there
were several military personnel in the area.
Where the trail leads to
It
is difficult to imagine the mindset of an army in which a child can be
executed in cold blood with apparent impunity. It also raises extremely
difficult questions for the Sri Lankan military. With every month that
passes, the evidence of systematic execution of prisoners grows. The
pattern of apparent sexual violence against female fighters is
disturbing in the extreme.
As the respected international human
rights lawyer, Professor William A. Schabas, says in our film: “If you
look at what looks like the mass execution of naked prisoners, these all
add up to possibly the claim that this was in fact systematic — and
that could point to the highest levels in the military authority of Sri
Lanka as being responsible for war crimes of summary execution, killing
and torture.”
India’s role
And in Sri Lanka, of course,
the highest levels of the military are virtually the same as the highest
levels of the government. President Mahinda Rajapaksa and his brother,
the Defence Secretary Gotabaya Rajapaksa, have some very difficult
questions to answer.
They may well continue to simply deny the
evidence and cite the undoubted crimes of the Tamil Tigers. But as a
defence, it is becoming increasingly threadbare. The crimes of one side
do not justify the crimes of another. A government which claims to
adhere to international humanitarian law cannot hide behind the brutal
suicide bombings or the brutalised child soldiers of the Tigers. But for
India there is a dilemma too. Because it matters not just what the
answers to these questions are. It also matters who asks these
questions. India is central to this.
It has been said before, but
it is true, and worth repeating. Without justice there can be no peace
and reconciliation, and without truth there can be no justice.
This
is not an academic exercise in historical accountability. The men
responsible for these crimes are still in charge. They are continuing to
brutally repress Tamils in the north and persecute anyone who
criticises the government including, as we have seen with the
impeachment of the Chief Justice, their own judiciary.
If there
is no attempt to address these issues and to bring justice to those who
suffered, the fear is that in the short term, political repression in
Sri Lanka will increase and that in the long term, history is destined
to repeat itself with yet more bloodshed and regional instability.
It
seems to most human rights defenders around the world, including those
in India, that the only way ahead in this situation is for the creation
of a credible, independent, international inquiry into these events, as
called for by the U.N.’s Panel of Experts. That inquiry should examine
all the crimes committed by both sides.
If India was to declare
its support for such an inquiry, many hope it could mark the start of
the long, delayed movement towards peace, reconciliation and political
justice in Sri Lanka.
(Callum Macrae is director, “No Fire Zone: The Killing Fields of Sri Lanka.” Site:
www.nofirezone.org)
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