fastq-multx runs in several modes.
the simplest mode is with "-B BCFIL"... where you list the barcodes in a separate file, and then give all 3 reads from illumina. this would be the way than most people run it, and is the easiest to diagnose.
with -g... the first file "l1.fastq" is assumed to be the index read.... a short read less or equal to than 11 bp per read. statistics are then used to auto-determine the most prevalent (10% of max or greater) sequences in that file, and then use only those when demultiplexing. this is a great method when the input is ill-specified, or in a "general-purpose" pipeline that remains adaptable to changing inputs.
in this case, the error is that, specifically, the file you provided has an average length >= 12.... is it really the index read? if so, what's the average length?