I'm working on an upgrade of our version Dspace 8.1 instance to 9.1. To minimize downtime, I'm moving things one step a time.
My issue is that I can't get Solr 9.9 itself to run. Most of the issues I think I've sorted by deleting and rebuilding the Solr cores. My issue is that Solr still has a startup error (below).
2025-09-19 12:22:47.318 ERROR (coreLoadExecutor-13-thread-1) [ suggestion] o.a.s.c.CoreContainer SolrCore failed to load on startup => org.apache.solr.common.SolrException: Unable to create core [suggestion]
at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.createFromDescriptor(CoreContainer.java:1798)
org.apache.solr.common.SolrException: Unable to create core [suggestion]
at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.createFromDescriptor(CoreContainer.java:1798) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.lambda$loadInternal$12(CoreContainer.java:1096) ~[?:?]
at com.codahale.metrics.InstrumentedExecutorService$InstrumentedRunnable.run(InstrumentedExecutorService.java:212) ~[metrics-core-4.2.26.jar:4.2.26]
at org.apache.solr.common.util.ExecutorUtil$MDCAwareThreadPoolExecutor.lambda$execute$0(ExecutorUtil.java:381) ~[?:?]
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1136) ~[?:?]
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635) ~[?:?]
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:840) [?:?]
Caused by: org.apache.solr.common.SolrException: Could not load conf for core suggestion: Can't load schema /var/solr/data/configsets/suggestion/conf/schema.xml: Plugin init failure for [schema.xml] fieldType "text": Plugin init failure for [schema.xml] analyzer/filter: Error loading class 'org.apache.lucene.analysis.icu.ICUFoldingFilterFactory'
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.loadConfigSet(ConfigSetService.java:291) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.createFromDescriptor(CoreContainer.java:1753) ~[?:?]
... 6 more
Caused by: org.apache.solr.common.SolrException: Can't load schema /var/solr/data/configsets/suggestion/conf/schema.xml: Plugin init failure for [schema.xml] fieldType "text": Plugin init failure for [schema.xml] analyzer/filter: Error loading class 'org.apache.lucene.analysis.icu.ICUFoldingFilterFactory'
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.readSchema(IndexSchema.java:662) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.<init>(IndexSchema.java:192) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchemaFactory.create(IndexSchemaFactory.java:109) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.createIndexSchema(ConfigSetService.java:370) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.lambda$loadConfigSet$0(ConfigSetService.java:281) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSet.<init>(ConfigSet.java:49) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.loadConfigSet(ConfigSetService.java:277) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.createFromDescriptor(CoreContainer.java:1753) ~[?:?]
... 6 more
Caused by: org.apache.solr.common.SolrException: Plugin init failure for [schema.xml] fieldType "text": Plugin init failure for [schema.xml] analyzer/filter: Error loading class 'org.apache.lucene.analysis.icu.ICUFoldingFilterFactory'
at org.apache.solr.util.plugin.AbstractPluginLoader.load(AbstractPluginLoader.java:178) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.readSchema(IndexSchema.java:537) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.<init>(IndexSchema.java:192) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchemaFactory.create(IndexSchemaFactory.java:109) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.createIndexSchema(ConfigSetService.java:370) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.lambda$loadConfigSet$0(ConfigSetService.java:281) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSet.<init>(ConfigSet.java:49) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.loadConfigSet(ConfigSetService.java:277) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.createFromDescriptor(CoreContainer.java:1753) ~[?:?]
... 6 more
Caused by: org.apache.solr.common.SolrException: Plugin init failure for [schema.xml] analyzer/filter: Error loading class 'org.apache.lucene.analysis.icu.ICUFoldingFilterFactory'
at org.apache.solr.util.plugin.AbstractPluginLoader.load(AbstractPluginLoader.java:178) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.readAnalyzer(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:431) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:78) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:43) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.util.plugin.AbstractPluginLoader.load(AbstractPluginLoader.java:143) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.readSchema(IndexSchema.java:537) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.<init>(IndexSchema.java:192) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchemaFactory.create(IndexSchemaFactory.java:109) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.createIndexSchema(ConfigSetService.java:370) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.lambda$loadConfigSet$0(ConfigSetService.java:281) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSet.<init>(ConfigSet.java:49) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.loadConfigSet(ConfigSetService.java:277) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.createFromDescriptor(CoreContainer.java:1753) ~[?:?]
... 6 more
Caused by: org.apache.solr.common.SolrException: Error loading class 'org.apache.lucene.analysis.icu.ICUFoldingFilterFactory'
at org.apache.solr.core.SolrResourceLoader.findClass(SolrResourceLoader.java:554) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.SolrResourceLoader.newInstance(SolrResourceLoader.java:616) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader$3.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:402) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader$3.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:377) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.util.plugin.AbstractPluginLoader.load(AbstractPluginLoader.java:143) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.readAnalyzer(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:431) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:78) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:43) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.util.plugin.AbstractPluginLoader.load(AbstractPluginLoader.java:143) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.readSchema(IndexSchema.java:537) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.<init>(IndexSchema.java:192) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchemaFactory.create(IndexSchemaFactory.java:109) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.createIndexSchema(ConfigSetService.java:370) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.lambda$loadConfigSet$0(ConfigSetService.java:281) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSet.<init>(ConfigSet.java:49) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.loadConfigSet(ConfigSetService.java:277) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.createFromDescriptor(CoreContainer.java:1753) ~[?:?]
... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.lucene.analysis.icu.ICUFoldingFilterFactory
at java.base/java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:445) ~[?:?]
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:592) ~[?:?]
at java.base/java.net.FactoryURLClassLoader.loadClass(URLClassLoader.java:872) ~[?:?]
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:525) ~[?:?]
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method) ~[?:?]
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:467) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.SolrResourceLoader.findClass(SolrResourceLoader.java:538) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.SolrResourceLoader.newInstance(SolrResourceLoader.java:616) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader$3.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:402) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader$3.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:377) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.util.plugin.AbstractPluginLoader.load(AbstractPluginLoader.java:143) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.readAnalyzer(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:431) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:78) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.FieldTypePluginLoader.create(FieldTypePluginLoader.java:43) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.util.plugin.AbstractPluginLoader.load(AbstractPluginLoader.java:143) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.readSchema(IndexSchema.java:537) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema.<init>(IndexSchema.java:192) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchemaFactory.create(IndexSchemaFactory.java:109) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.createIndexSchema(ConfigSetService.java:370) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.lambda$loadConfigSet$0(ConfigSetService.java:281) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSet.<init>(ConfigSet.java:49) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.ConfigSetService.loadConfigSet(ConfigSetService.java:277) ~[?:?]
at org.apache.solr.core.CoreContainer.createFromDescriptor(CoreContainer.java:1753) ~[?:?]
... 6 more
I have changed the system environment as suggested:
SHELL=/bin/bash
SUDO_GID=0
DSPACE_UI_SSL=false
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
JAVA_OPTS=-Xmx1024M -Xms512M -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8
SUDO_COMMAND=/usr/bin/su solr
DSPACE_UI_PORT=4000
SUDO_USER=root
PWD=/opt
LOGNAME=solr
DSPACE_REST_SSL=true
HOME=/var/solr
LANG=C.UTF-8
LS_COLORS=rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=00:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=00:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.zst=01;31:*.tzst=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.wim=01;31:*.swm=01;31:*.dwm=01;31:*.esd=01;31:*.avif=01;35:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.mjpg=01;35:*.mjpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.webp=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.m4a=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*.ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.opus=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:*~=00;90:*#=00;90:*.bak=00;90:*.crdownload=00;90:*.dpkg-dist=00;90:*.dpkg-new=00;90:*.dpkg-old=00;90:*.dpkg-tmp=00;90:*.old=00;90:*.orig=00;90:*.part=00;90:*.rej=00;90:*.rpmnew=00;90:*.rpmorig=00;90:*.rpmsave=00;90:*.swp=00;90:*.tmp=00;90:*.ucf-dist=00;90:*.ucf-new=00;90:*.ucf-old=00;90:
DSPACE_REST_HOST=repository.westernsem.edu
DSPACE_REST_NAMESPACE=/server
LESSCLOSE=/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s
TERM=xterm
SOLR_OPTS=-Dsolr.config.lib.enabled=true
LESSOPEN=| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s
DSPACE_REST_PORT=443
USER=solr
DSPACE_UI_HOST=localhost
SHLVL=1
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin
DSPACE_UI_NAMESPACE=/xmlui
SUDO_UID=0
MAIL=/var/mail/solr
_=/usr/bin/env