Exchange Rate History
Shanae Maerz
Also known as the mid-market rate, the spot rate or the real exchange rate, the interbank rate is the exchange rate used by banks and large institutions when trading large volumes of foreign currency with one another. It is not made for individuals and smaller businesses, as smaller money transfers tend to attract a higher mark-up, so that the exchange offering the service can make a profit.
The Historical Currency Converter is a simple way to access up to 31 years of historical exchange rates for 200+ currencies, metals, and cryptocurrencies. OANDA Rates cover 38,000 FX currency pairs, and are easily downloadable into an Excel ready, CSV formatted file.
This tool is ideal for auditors, CPAs, tax professionals, and anyone who needs accurate and authoritative foreign exchange data for spot checking, analysis, and reporting. Currency data can be displayed in a graph or table view with up to 10 currencies at a time.
OANDA Rates are calculated daily (Monday through Friday) and represent the previous 24 hour period aligned to UTC-midnight (8:00 PM Eastern Time). Bid, ask, and midpoint rates for the day are published and available no later than 10:00 PM Eastern Time.
The following exchange rates are certified by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for customs purposes as required by section 522 of the amended Tariff Act of 1930. These rates are also those required by the SEC for the integrated disclosure system for foreign private issuers. The information is based on data collected by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York from a sample of market participants.
Note: Based on information we received from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, revisions were applied in October 2004 to the exchange rate of the dollar against both the Hong Kong Dollar and the Chinese Yuan for several days between 1999 and 2003. Please refer to the following link for a list of these days and for the size of the revisions:
Higher interest rates are working to ease price pressures in Canada and inflation is coming down, though progress to the 2% target is slow. The Bank projects that inflation will stay around 3% until the middle of 2024, returning to target in 2025.
Download our historical CERI data. These rates were last updated in January 2018, and will not be updated in future. The Canadian-Dollar Effective Exchange Rate index (CERI) was replaced by the Canadian Effective Exchange Rate index (CEER) as of January 2018.
You must express the amounts you report on your U.S. tax return in U.S. dollars. Therefore, you must translate foreign currency into U.S. dollars if you receive income or pay expenses in a foreign currency. In general, use the exchange rate prevailing (i.e., the spot rate) when you receive, pay or accrue the item.
The only exception relates to some qualified business units (QBUs), which are generally allowed to use the currency of a foreign country. If you have a QBU with a functional currency that is not the U.S. dollar, make all income determinations in the QBU's functional currency, and where appropriate, translate such income or loss at the appropriate exchange rate.
Note: The exchange rates referenced on this page do not apply when making payments of U.S. taxes to the IRS. If the IRS receives U.S. tax payments in a foreign currency, the exchange rate used by the IRS to convert the foreign currency into U.S. dollars is based on the date the foreign currency is converted to U.S. dollars by the bank processing the payment, not the date the foreign currency payment is received by the IRS.
For additional exchange rates not listed below, refer to the governmental and external resources listed on the Foreign Currency and Currency Exchange Rates page or any other posted exchange rate (that is used consistently).
To convert from foreign currency to U.S. dollars, divide the foreign currency amount by the applicable yearly average exchange rate in the table below. To convert from U.S. dollars to foreign currency, multiply the U.S. dollar amount by the applicable yearly average exchange rate in the table below.
They are based on the daily concertation procedure between central banks across Europe, which normally takes place around 14:10 CET. The reference rates are published for information purposes only. Using the rates for transaction purposes is strongly discouraged.
Owing to current trading activity in the EUR/RUB market, the European Central Bank (ECB) is not in a position to set a reference rate that is representative of prevailing market conditions. The ECB has therefore decided to suspend its publication of a euro reference rate for the Russian rouble until further notice. The ECB last published a EUR/RUB reference rate on 1 March 2022.
The rates shown below are the most recent available on the Database. Historic rates indicating the highest and lowest exchange rates for each currency against Sterling in the previous 52 week period are also provided.
An example of a floating exchange rate would be on Day 1, 1 USD is equal to 1.4 GBP. On the next day, 1 USD is equal to 1.6 GBP, and on day three, 1 USD is equal to 1.2 GBP. This shows that the value of the currencies float, meaning they change constantly due to the supply and demand of those currencies. The opposite would be a fixed currency, where 1 USD would always equal 1.4 GBP, for example.
The benefits of a floating currency/exchange rate are the lack of a need for large reserves, the lack of need for another commodity the currency would be tied to, the ability to manage inflation, and the ability to pursue internal controls, such as full employment.
The US dollar is also one of the most commonly used currencies in international investment and trade. Trading with the dollar is much easier than any other currency. The emergence of the dollar as an indispensable medium of exchange began after World War I placed restrictions on exchanges.
Since then, the dollar has been enjoying worldwide attention. In light of this, the Indian currency, like various others, is compared against the dollar to determine its value. But the history involved in the process of scaling the INR helps in understanding the Indian economy better.
The situation was worsened by the 1962 war of India and China, followed by the 1965 war of India and Pakistan, and the drought that had hit the nation in 1966. All these turned the exchange rate of 1 Dollar to INR 7.50 by the year 1967.
To combat the situation and the subsequent political crisis, India had to borrow foreign currency. This resulted in the fall of the Indian currency value. The exchange rate deteriorated throughout the 1980s and reached a value as high as 17.50 in 1990.
The devaluation turned the exchange rate of 1 USD to 25.92 INR in the year 1992. The Indian currency value began falling since then, with a current rate of 74.57 INR. Dollar price in 2004 was 45.32 INR, and in the next ten years, it rose to 62.33. In 2016, February was the month to witness Dollar to INR highest rate ever, amounting to 68.80 INR.
A fluctuating exchange rate between INR and USD is not something new. Currency values fluctuate every day, and so does the value of the rupee in relation to the US dollar. Numerous factors have influenced the USD-INR exchange rate over the years. Five such factors are listed below.
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Stocks: Real-time U.S. stock quotes reflect trades reported through Nasdaq only; comprehensive quotes and volume reflect trading in all markets and are delayed at least 15 minutes. International stock quotes are delayed as per exchange requirements. Fundamental company data and analyst estimates provided by FactSet. Copyright FactSet Research Systems Inc. All rights reserved. Source: FactSet
Commodities & Futures: Futures prices are delayed at least 10 minutes as per exchange requirements. Change value during the period between open outcry settle and the commencement of the next day's trading is calculated as the difference between the last trade and the prior day's settle. Change value during other periods is calculated as the difference between the last trade and the most recent settle. Source: FactSet
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