Who were the aboriginal people who lived in the south ofEurope, on the shores of the Mediterranean, in Asia Minor, prior tothe Latins and Greeks and what language group were their languagespart of? The origin of the indigenous languages, which emergedbefore the Indo-European languages and were widely used in theregion, has been a subject of research in European linguistics overthe last few centuries. However, since most of the researchersconsidered the issue only from the viewpoint of Indo-Europeanlanguage studies, no solution of the issue has been found to date.Therefore, no common opinion has been reached regarding theaffiliation of such languages as Pelask that existed prior to theGreek language in Greece, Etruscan that was used in Italy prior toLatin, and Trojan language in the west of Asia Minor. Therevelation of facts has also been hampered by the Europeanhard-line approach, with the exception of a handful of scholars whohad a different point of view.
PhD Chingiz Garasharly, University of Foreign Languagesprofessor and researcher, has studied the issue from two aspects --both from the viewpoint of Indo-European studies, in which hespecializes, and Turkic languages, managing to shed light on thenumerous grey areas in his books, "Turks - primordial inhabitantsof the Mediterranean Sea region" and "The Trojans were Turks",which were published in English and Azerbaijani. Mr. Garasharly wasquite successful as his arguments and research are relevant to thepresent-day as well. Thus, the words and names which weretransferred from such related languages as Trojan, Etruscan andPelask to the tongues of the Greeks and present-day Europeannations, are used in a number of modern Turkic languages which havepreserved their unique identity, such as Chuvash, Kyrgyz, Tatar andKhakas.
The outdated traditional viewpoints that link the presence ofthe Turks in Asia Minor to Middle ages are found to contradict thestories of European authors of the 7th -14th centuries about Turkicorigins of the Trojans.
According to the Fredegar Chornicle of the 7th century, theTurks and the Franks left Troy after its collapse. The Turkssettled the Scythian lands, while the latter migrated to Pannoya(Hungary) and the territory by the Rhine.
Felix Fabri, a German author, even referred the Turkic historyof Troy to the older period - to the time of Teucros, the son ofthe prince Hesione. According to him, after the collapse of Troythe Trojan refugees controlled by Franco, Hector`s son, moved toGermany, Franconia, while the others crossed the Rhine and settledin the territory of Modern France.
Sultan Mehmed knew the history of Troy. It is not by chance thathaving visited the ruins of Troy he had bowed his head down andtold. ``God kept me till this time as an ally of this city and itspeople. We gained a victory on the enemies of this city and got itback. We revenged the Greeks for their bad behaviour against us -Asians, although long time has passed since then (E.Afyoncu).
The European sources of the 7th century and of the later periodwould have had no reason to fabricate false stories about Troy.They were based on the real historical facts they werewell-informed about by that time. Of this evidence not onlyhistorijal facts, but also the transparent old Turkic names of theTrojans. We discover both the name of Priam, the last Trojan king,and the names of his people - Alber, Askan, Eney, Atas, Aytilla andothers in old Turkic onomasticon. Priam was the name of a Turanian(Old Turkic) commander in an old Turkic epic.
The Trocans, the early inhabitants of the eastern coast of theAegean sea, originated from the Dardanians - a Thracian tribe.Their being of Thracian origin is mentioned in the classicalliterature and is identified in onomastic material. For instance,Dardan, described in the ``Iliad`` as the ancestor of the Trojans,personifies the Dardanians. Dardania, a province in Troy, was theplace the Dardanians settled in.
Gargar is an important ethnomym which ties the Mediterranean tothe Turkic world. A town by the name Gargara was situated nearTroy. A province under this name is mentioned in the ``Iliad``. Tothese can also be added an old Italian province by the name ofGargaria which is surely connected with the Trojan migration toItaly.
After Troy was destroyed by the Greeks, its population migratedin different directions, among which two of them are of particularinterest: those who migrated to Italy founded the Etruscancivilization and those who settled in the north of Europe weredealt with in old Germanic sagas as the Turkic kings of Sweden andNorway (Gurevich A.Y.History and Saga, Moscow, 1972).
The Etruscan texts found in Italy are now proved to have beenwritten in an Old Turkic language (Ch.Garasharly. The TurkicCivilization lost in the Mediterranean basin, Baku, 2011). SomeEuropean linguists yet in previous centuries kept the idea that theEtruscans were of Turkic origin.
Sultan Mehmed, Turkish sultan, who was well-informed aboutTurkic origins of Troy, was right to consider the conquest ofIstanbul as vengeance for Troy. Later in the 20th century MustafaKemal Ataturk considered his victory on foreign invaders asvengeance for Ektor, a Trojan hero, the son of the last Trojan king- Priam.
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