The key part is to use something different from SimbleBackend, which is a kind of "noop" backend, for Haystack to work properly.
Oscar only supports Solr officially, but I can assure you that ElasticSearch works too and even Whoosh works for basic facets.
Of course you have to take care of installing the correct python library ("pyelasticsearch" and "Whoosh" iirc) to make it work.
If you choose Elasticsearch you also need to set up a server on your own (as you would with Solr) or find a provider online.
If you want basic facet support using whoosh (e.g. NO query facets) you can't pip install haystack stable version,
but have to choose a commit from parruc/audax fork, as it's still not merged even if it's 1 year old.
To be honest haystack seems quite "dormient" lately, but maybe this weekend there will be a new release.
This is just for reference if you want something up and running "quicker" than Solr, just to see how it works.
Solr seems to be the only supported backend for going in production.