Etap Introduction

[Danisa Southmayd]

Theinaugural Experts in Technology And Policy (ETAP) meeting was held on May 18th, 2015 in San Jose, California. Moderator Oleg Logvinov starts off the introduction session, where each attendee briefly introduces themselves, including how and why they are interested in the convergence of technology and policy.

The second big distinguishing feature of SRAM Red eTap from EPS and Di2 is the actual shifting action. Both Shimano and Campagnolo use electronic set-ups that more or less mimic the action of their mechanical shifters. SRAM Red eTap, on the other hand, marks a significant departure from traditional shifting patterns. The shift lever on the left side moves the rear derailleur inward, to an easier gear, while the right lever moves the rear derailleur outward to a harder gear. Like Shimano and Campagnolo, the rear derailleur will continue to shift gears until you release the lever (multi shift). Up front, press both levers simultaneously and the front derailleur will then shift to the other chainring, whether that be to the larger or smaller chainring. While this sounds odd, it is actually pretty straight forward when riding.

The SRAM Red eTap shift levers need power to transmit a signal to the derailleurs, and each is powered by one 2032 battery. These batteries are readily available, and are the type found in many bike computers, watches, etc. The shifter batteries need to be replaced every 1 to 2 years, depending on use. I recommend that these be replaced annually, when you have your (recommended) annual tune-up.

Like many things in life, there are some really good options that all work a little different and thus which is best for you all depends. All three electronic shift systems, SRAM, Shimano and Campagnolo, function great, just differently. It comes down to ancillary issues, such as the way each shifts (Shimano has two levers on each brake hood, while Campagnolo uses a lever and a button); how the brake hoods fit your hands; whether you want the absolute fastest possible shifting or the lightest weight; and other matters of personal preference. For these reasons, I cannot say any one of these systems is better or worse than another overall. Sorry.

The introduction of SRAM Red eTap electronic shifting has increased the competition in this expanding area of the bike component market. Originally Shimano had a monopoly with Di2, then Campagnolo came on board with EPS. Since then, both have gone through more than one generation of components. Meanwhile, SRAM was waiting on the sidelines, perfecting their wireless system. To me, the wait was well worth it. There are now three very valid and functional electronic systems. Contact us for more information.

After almost thirty years as an attorney, Jim became the service manager at Fit Werx in Vermont. He held this post for almost ten years. Having retired in 2019, Jim still likes riding, working on and writing about bikes and bike equipment.

The folks from Beginnertriathlete.com were at Fit Werx 2 to discuss a number of topics including how to decide between a Triathlon Bike or Road Bike? Click this link to watch the video feed. URL: -detail.asp?articleid=1659

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Heavy metal contamination of soil has become a public concern. Earthworms are key players in the functioning and service of soil ecosystems, with comprehension of their introduction in the polluted soil offering new insights into the protection of soil resources. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) introduction and Cd (0, 10, 30, and 60 mg kg-1 of Cd) exposure upon soil microbial community using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Our research demonstrated that Gemmatimonadetes and Deinococcus-Thermus upregulated significantly, while Chryseolinea showed an obvious decreasing trend after earthworm introduction. In Cd contaminated soil, many genera exhibited a greater presence of Cd-dependent bacteria, namely Cd-tolerant bacteria such as Altererythrobacter and Luteimonas, and a decrease of sensitive bacteria, such as Amaricoccus and Haliangium. Moreover, functional prediction analysis of soil microbiota indicated that earthworm introduction and Cd exposure changed functional pathways of soil microorganisms. The results obtained in this study are beneficial for understanding soil microbial community impacted by earthworm, and for exploring Cd resistant or tolerant bacteria, with potentially significant findings for soil biodiversity and Cd bioremediation.

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