Janet
Welcome to the world of survey design.
When using "plus" sampling, survey effort does indeed fall outside the study area, with observers recording detections made inside the study area. As a result, the line length (effort) computed will include portions of transects outside the study area boundary.
Trackline length (that includes between transect travel) will also be outside the study area boundary if the end points of the transects fall outside the study area. Finally, cyclical trackline length (incorporating travel from the end of the final transect
to the beginning of the first transect) will also include travel outside the study area if those end points are outside the study area boundary, as they will be in the case of plus sampling.
I would not expect coverage to be miscalculated when using plus sampling. Coverage (in this context) is measured using a grid of points inside the study area boundary defined by the study area shape file. If you think this is not accurate, please provide us
with additional details.