The 2025 Canadian Society of Vertebrate Paleontology abstract book. The abstract in question is-
"Who was the ruler of Maastrichtian Mongolia?
Taxonomic revision of Tarbosaurus provides insight
into tyrannosaurid diversity of central Asia
Gorm S. Raun, Henry S. Sharpe, Mark J. Powers, and Philip J. Currie
Tarbosaurus Maleev, 1955b is one of the largest tyrannosaurids known, commonly occurring in the Maastrichtian
of Mongolia. The genus and species within have had a complex history dating back to when the original
species, now known as Tarbosaurus bataar, was named. Four different species in three different genera have
previously been named, although today only one is considered valid. Considered by many as the sister taxon to
Tyrannosaurus rex, the species is known from several adult individuals with relatively complete skulls. One individual,
ZPAL MgD I/4, has been described in great detail, and shows significant differences in cranial structure
from the larger North American taxon. The Nemegt Formation and its large sample size therefore provide ample
opportunity to study the variation in dimensions and discrete characters. A new species of tyrannosaurid is being
proposed based on several complete crania, and has several consistent morphological differences, including an
autapomorphy separating the taxon from Tarbosaurus bataar. Morphometric analysis of the diagnostic maxilla reveals
a clear separation in morphology between the two Tarbosaurus species. Namely, in the new species, the most
posterior point of the dorsal subcutaneous surface is far anterior to the lacrimal contact, and the maxilla is relatively
deeper in the largest specimens. While the stratigraphy of the Nemegt Formation is contentious, the new
taxon is found almost exclusively in the western Nemegt localities, whereas Tarbosaurus bataar is found almost
exclusively in the eastern localities. The Nemegt Formation is already known for its diversity of small theropods
at different localities within a relatively small area. This suggests temporal or palaeoenvironmental differences that
we presently do not understand.
The relationships of the specimens were analyzed using an in-group tyrannosaurid character matrix based on
discrete characters, rather than allometric characters. Ontogenetically invariant, discrete characters do not force
potentially unrelated large taxa to clade together because of size. The resulting tree topologies suggest a more
complex evolutionary history of Tyrannosauridae than previous analyses, including the existence of a potential
monophyletic central Asian clade. The discovery of another giant tyrannosaurid underlines the value of constructing
discrete characters for alpha taxonomic work and increases our knowledge of the evolution and distribution
of Tyrannosauridae."
Mickey Mortimer