Hi there.
Recently I setup my own pod using debian and following the diaspora wiki as you did as far as I assume.
Related with you ssl question, before to put my pod alive, I used a free domain with
noip.com and a free ssl with letsencrypt. It's quite easy to config and you won't spend money if something fails. Just try it out. On the other hand, you will need, yes or yes, SSL with a valid certified authority in order to upload your pod in the
podupti.me list, otherwise, they will refuse your request.
Cheers.