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Sarah Howard

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Apr 23, 2019, 9:03:38 AM4/23/19
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Reviews

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Air Pollution

Type 1 Diabetes


Reviews

Linking bisphenol S to adverse outcome pathways using a combined text mining and systems biology approach

Using a new method, identified several molecular and cellular pathways to explain the association between BPS and obesity. Carvaillo et al. EHP.

Gut microbiota: An underestimated and unintended recipient for pesticide-induced toxicity

Reviews the possible effects of different kinds of widely used pesticides on the gut microbiota in different experimental models and analyzed their possible subsequent effects on the health of the host, including obesity and insulin resistance. Yuan et al. Chemosphere.

Exposure to neuroactive non-organochlorine insecticides, and diabetes mellitus and related metabolic disturbances: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

The protocol, no results yet. Hansen et al. Environ. Int.

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies

Novel insights of elevated systemic levels of bisphenol-A (BPA) linked to poor glycemic control, accelerated cellular senescence and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes

Serum levels of BPA were significantly higher in people with type 2 diabetes compared to controls, and positively correlated to poor glycemic control and insulin resistance. Soundararajan et al. Mol Cell Biochem.

Associations between urinary organophosphate ester metabolites and measures of adiposity among U.S. children and adults: NHANES 2013-2014

Exposure to various organophosphate esters were differently associated with body size among children and adults. Boyle et al. Environ Int.

Serum selenium and lead levels: a possible link with diabetes and associated proteinuria

Concludes that even low levels of lead may lead to renal deterioration. Aziz et al. Biol Trace Elem Res.

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Adverse and hormetic effects in rats exposed for 12 months to low dose mixture of 13 chemicals: RLRS part III

A year-long exposure to doses around the acceptable daily intake of a mixture of thirteen common chemicals/pesticides caused a monotonic increase of appetite, as well as other effects, in rats. Docea et al. Toxicol. Lett.

Short and long-term effects of bisphenol S (BPS) exposure during pregnancy and lactation on plasma lipids, hormones, and behavior in rats

BPS exposure had numerous obesity-related effects in offspring. da Silva et al. Environ Pollut.

Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate induces the expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis in HepG2 cells

Exposure to MEHP promoted lipid accumulation in liver cells, which might be related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Bai et al. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 secretion enhances glucose uptake in mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate-treated adipocytes

Previous studies revealed that cellular accumulation of MEHP disturbed energy metabolism in adipocytes, where glucose uptake was significantly increased; this study aimed to determine the mechanisms involved. Hsu et al. Toxicol In Vitro.

Air Pollution

The macroeconomic burden of noncommunicable diseases associated with air pollution in China

Total losses from non communicable diseases associated with air pollution in China in 1990-2030 were estimated to be $1,137 billion (2010 USD) and in 2015-2030 are estimated to be $499 billion (2010 USD). Cardiovascular diseases account for the highest burden, followed by chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Chen and Bloom, PLoS One.

Personal exposure to PM2.5 constituents associated with gestational blood pressure and endothelial dysfunction

Found that personal exposure to PM2.5 and its Pb constituent were significantly associated with increased blood pressure during pregnancy, and the early second trimester might be the sensitive window of PM2.5 exposure. Xia et al. Environ Pollut.

Type 1 Diabetes

The number of adults with incident type 1 diabetes phenotype in Iceland is half the number in children - a population based study

Population-wide data from Iceland shows that type 1 diagnosed in adulthood is common, although less common than in childhood. Halldora Thordardottir et al. Diabetes Res Clin Pract.

Gestational diabetes associated with incident diabetes in childhood and youth: a retrospective cohort study

The incidence of pediatric diabetes was higher in offspring born to mothers with gestational diabetes than in mothers without gestational diabetes (they did not distinguish between type 1 and type 2, although most Canadian youth have type 1). Quebec, Canada. Blotsky et al. CMAJ. Also see Gestational Diabetes Tied to Youth-Onset Diabetes in Medpage Today.

Common patterns of gene regulation associated with Cesarean section and the development of islet autoimmunity - indications of immune cell activation

Identified shared molecular changes relating to immune cell activation in children born by Cesarean section and children who developed autoimmunity. Laimighofer et al. Sci Rep.

To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org

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Sarah Howard

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Apr 30, 2019, 8:13:51 AM4/30/19
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Diet and the Gut


Reviews

Association of maternal arsenic exposure with birth size: A systematic review and meta-analysis

According to this systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 studies, arsenic levels during pregnancy are associated with lower birth weight babies, especially in the Americas. Zhong et al. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol.

GRADE guidelines for environmental and occupational health: A new series of articles in Environment International

The "Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation" (GRADE) approach provides guidance for rating quality of evidence and grading strength of recommendations in health care. This Special Issue provides guidance for using GRADE to rate the quality of evidence in environmental health research. Morgan et al.

Linking mitochondrial dysfunction to organismal and population health in context of environmental pollutants: Progress and considerations for mitochondrial adverse outcome pathways

Reviews current progress on adverse outcome pathways involving mitochondrial dysfunction, and presents two case studies: mitochondria and immunotoxicity, and early mitochondrial dysfunction and behavior. Dreier et al. Environ Toxicol Chem.

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies

Higher risk of hyperglycemia with greater susceptibility in females in chronic arsenic-exposed individuals in Bangladesh

Found that arsenic exposure was dose-dependently associated with hyperglycemia, even at low to moderate levels, and especially in females. Paul et al. Sci Total Environ.

Anthropometric measures at age 3 years in associations with prenatal and postnatal exposures to chlorophenols

Prenatal exposure to 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) was associated with lower weight/BMI in boys and higher weight/BMI in girls at age 3. Postnatal exposure to 2,5-diclorophenol (2,5-DCP) was associated with higher weight in girls (China). Guo et al. Chemosphere.

Chlorinated persistent organic pollutants and type 2 diabetes - A population-based study with pre- and post- diagnostic plasma samples

POPs were associated with type 2 diabetes in both the prospective and cross-sectional analyses, but a cross-sectional design could overestimate risk if people have lost weight or improved their cholesterol levels, as changes in these factors cause changes in POPs (Sweden). Tornevi et al. Environ Res.

Prenatal cadmium exposure is negatively associated with adiposity in girls not boys during adolescence

Prenatal cadmium exposure was negatively associated with measures of both abdominal and peripheral adiposity in girls, but not in boys (Mexico City). Moynihan et al. Front Public Health.

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Assessment of glyphosate induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of pathologies and sperm epimutations: generational toxicology

Wow. Glyphosate (RoundUp) had little impact on the transiently exposed F0 generation or F1 offspring rats. But in the F2 and F3 generations, it dramatically increased prostate disease, obesity, kidney disease, ovarian disease, and birth abnormalities. Kubsad et al. Sci Rep.

The environmental obesogen bisphenol A increases macrophage self-renewal

Shows that BPA has the potential to increase self-renewal of adipose tissue macrophages, perhaps negatively impact adipose tissue health. Ampem et al. Cell Tissue Res.

Unravelling the mechanisms of PFOS toxicity by combining morphological and transcriptomic analyses in zebrafish embryos

The data suggest that currently applicable tolerable levels of PFOS in commercial goods should be re-evaluated, taking into account its potential effects on lipid metabolism and the immune system. Martínez et al. Sci Total Environ.

PFOA and PFOS promote diabetic renal injury in vitro by impairing the metabolisms of amino acids and purines

Found that exposure to PFOA or PFOS aggravated diabetic kidney injury in vitro. Gong et al. Sci Total Environ.

Air Pollution

Maternal and early-life area-level characteristics and childhood adiposity: A systematic review

Storm-induced maternal stress, nitrogen oxides exposure, traffic noise, and proximity were associated with greater childhood adiposity. Particulate matter exposure was associated with both higher and lower adiposity in childhood. Wilding et al. Obes Rev.

Diet and the Gut

Effects of single and combined toxic exposures on the gut microbiome: current knowledge and future directions

Reviews studies on the different modes of action and outcomes of major chemical pollutants, and some components of cosmetics and food additives, on gut microbial communities. Found that exposure to heavy metals, pesticides, nanoparticles, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and non-caloric artificial sweeteners affect the gut microbiome, and which is associated with the development of metabolic, malignant, inflammatory, and immune diseases. Tsiaoussis et al. Toxicol Lett.

To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org

Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved.
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Sarah Howard

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May 7, 2019, 10:08:50 AM5/7/19
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Heightened susceptibility: a review of how pregnancy and chemical exposures influence maternal health

Reviews epidemiologic literature on chemical exposures during pregnancy and three maternal outcomes: preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and breast cancer. Found that pregnancy can heighten susceptibility to environmental chemicals and women's health risks. Varshavsky et al. Reprod. Toxicol.

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies

Exposure to phthalates and bisphenol A is associated with higher risk of cardiometabolic impairment in normal weight children

Found that the association of BPA and phthalates with cardiometabolic risk factors is independent of weight status, suggesting that the metabolic impairment in some normal weight children and normal metabolic profile of some obese children can be, in part, related to exposure to these environmental chemicals. (Iran). Mansouri et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int.

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Age-related diazinon toxicity impact on blood glucose, lipid profile and selected biochemical indices in male rats

The pesticide diazinon caused high blood glucose levels, worsened cholesterol/lipid levels, increased inflammation, and impaired liver and kidney function in both adult and aged rats. Yousefizadeh et al. Curr Aging Sci.

Taurine protects against arsenic trioxide-induced insulin resistance via ROS-autophagy pathway in skeletal muscle

Mice exposed to As2O3 had impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, while taurine was protective. Yang et al. Int J Biochem Cell Biol.

Low-dose PCB126 compromises circadian rhythms associated with disordered glucose and lipid metabolism in mice

Found a close correlation between PCB126-disturbed glucose and lipid metabolism and disordered physiological oscillation of circadian genes. Shen et al. Environ. Int.

Effect of prenatal PFOS exposure on liver cell function in neonatal mice

Prenatal exposure to PFOS affected lipid metabolism in liver cells of mice. Liang et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int.

Type 1 Diabetes

Perinatal risk factors for type 1 diabetes revisited: a population-based register study

Found small but statistically significant associations between higher birthweight, delivery by Caesarean section, premature rupture of membranes, and maternal urinary tract infection during pregnancy, and the subsequent risk of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes. Maternal obesity was associated with subsequent type 1 diabetes in the children and rendered the association with Caesarean section non-significant. Length of gestation was variously associated with type 1 development. Waernbaumet et al. Diabetologia.

To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org

Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved.
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Sarah Howard

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May 14, 2019, 8:52:50 AM5/14/19
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Type 1 Diabetes


Reviews

Evaluation of the association between urinary cadmium levels below threshold limits and the risk of diabetes mellitus: a dose-response meta-analysis

Found that exposure to cadmium was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Guo et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int.

Environmental risk factors for liver cancer and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Reviewed 5 NAFLD studies, showing positive associations for heavy metals, methyl tertiary-butyl ether, and selenium; and no association with trihalomethanes. VoPham, Curr Epidemiol Rep.

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies

Association of serum levels of p,p'- Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) with type 2 diabetes in African American and Caucasian adult men from agricultural (Delta) and non-agricultural (non-Delta) regions of Mississippi

Found an association was found between increasing serum DDE levels and type 2 diabetes in men with lower serum DDE levels, but not in those with higher serum DDE levels, indicating a non-monotonic dose-response. Meek et al. J Toxicol Environ Health A.

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Biochemical evidence on the potential role of methyl mercury in hepatic glucose metabolism through inflammatory signaling and free radical pathways

In mice, methylmercury exposure caused high fasting glucose, insulin resistance, and more. Faheem et al. J Cell Biochem.

Altered lipid homeostasis in a PCB-resistant Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) population from New Bedford Harbor, MA, U.S.A.

Evaluated the effects of organotins and PCBs on lipid metabolism in adult killfish. Crawford et al. Aquat Toxicol.

Air Pollution

AMPK activation attenuates inflammatory response to reduce ambient PM2.5-induced metabolic disorders in healthy and diabetic mice

Found that exposure to ambient PM2.5 at levels seen in some developing countries can induce the occurrence of metabolic disorders in healthy mice and exacerbate metabolic disorders in diabetic mice, adversely impacting insulin sensitivity, energy homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. Also, AMPK activation might inhibit PM2.5-induced metabolic disorders. Pan et al. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf.

Type 1 Diabetes

Gut microbiome dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability in children with islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes : a prospective cohort study

This longitudinal Australian study found that children who test positive to multiple islet autoantibodies and who progress to diabetes, like those with recent-onset diabetes, have gut microbiome dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability. Harbison et al. Pediatr Diabetes.

To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org

Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved.
You are receiving this email because you opted in to the Diabetes Obesity Scienceserv

Our mailing address is:
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Sarah Howard

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May 21, 2019, 10:25:06 AM5/21/19
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Type 1 Diabetes


Reviews

Health risk in road transport workers:
Part I. Occupational exposure to chemicals, biomarkers of effect.
Part II. Dietary compounds as modulators of occupational exposure to chemicals.

Factors associated with the profession of a driver, including exposure to chemical substances, result in an increased risk of the development of many diseases, including obesity, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, and cancer. Int J Occup Med Environ Health.

Prenatal epigenetics diets play protective roles against environmental pollution

Reviews the causes and consequences of prenatal environment pollution exposure on the epigenome, and the potential protective role of the epigenetics diet. Li et al. Clin Epigenetics.

Understanding environmental contaminants' direct effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression

Discusses the role of various chemicals in NAFLD, including PFAS, PCBs, and pesticides. Armstrong and Guo, Curr Environ Health Rep.

Metformin as a protective agent against natural or chemical toxicities: a comprehensive review on drug repositioning

This literature review found that the diabetes drug metformin has a wide range of anti-toxic effects against anti-tumour and routine drugs, natural and chemical toxins, herbicides and, heavy metals. Meshkani et al. J Endocrinol Invest.

The environmental chemicals that change our minds and bodies

Michele La Merrill reviews the book Sicker, Fatter, Poorer by Leo Trasande, in The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology.

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies

Heterogeneity in childhood body mass trajectories in relation to prenatal phthalate exposure

These results from the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) cohort study find a sex-specific non-linear association between prenatal monoethyl phthalate levels and BMI in children, as well as positive associations between DEHP metabolites and BMI stabilization during puberty for girls. Heggeseth et al. Environ Res.

Biomarkers of cadmium, lead and mercury exposure in relation with early biomarkers of renal dysfunction and diabetes: results from a pilot study among aging Canadians

Investigated a set of biomarkers illustrating the complex interactions between toxic metal exposure, kidney function, and type 2 diabetes in a group of aging Canadians. Valcke et al. Toxicol Lett.

Urinary bisphenol A concentration and glucose homeostasis in non-diabetic adults: a repeated-measures, longitudinal study

This longitudinal Chinese study found that BPA exposure levels were associated with increased fasting blood sugar levels and lower beta cell function in women, but not men. Wang et al. Diabetologia.

Obesity in relation to serum persistent organic pollutant concentrations in CHAMACOS women

Found positive associations with BMI for DDT, β-HCH, and PBDE-47 , while PBDE-153 was inversely associated. Warner et al. Environ Epidemiol.

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Quizalofop-p-Ethyl induces adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Of the pesticides glyphosate, 2,4-D, dicamba, mesotrione, isoxaflutole, and quizalofop-p-ethyl (QpE), only QpE caused a dose-dependent statistically significant triglyceride accumulation in adipocytes. The QpE commercial formulation Targa Super was 100 times more cytotoxic than QpE alone. Biserni et al. Toxicol Sci.

Sodium perchlorate induces non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in developing stickleback

At levels found at contaminated sites, perchlorate causes NAFLD and may be an obesogen. Minicozzi et al. Environ Pollut.

Air Pollution and Noise

Parental PM2.5 exposure-promoted development of metabolic syndrome in offspring is associated with the changes of immune microenvironment

No matter what the offspring mice were exposed to, parental particulate matter exposure impacted fasting insulin levels, insulin resistance, LDL and total cholesterol levels, and a number of immune system markers in offspring mice. And, whether or not the parent mice were exposed to particulate matter or not, the particulate-exposed offspring mice had higher blood pressure, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and dyslipidemia than those exposed to filtered air. Zhang et al. Toxicol Sci.

Long-term exposure to road traffic noise and incidence of diabetes in the Danish nurse cohort

In a nationwide cohort of Danish nurses, there was no overall association between long-term exposure to road traffic noise and diabetes incidence, but a positive association in urban areas. Jørgensen et al. EHP.

Ovariectomy predisposes female rats to fine particulate matter exposure's effects by altering metabolic, oxidative, pro-inflammatory, and heat-shock protein levels

Finds that menopause may predispose females to the metabolic effects of particulate matter air pollution. Goettems-Fiorin et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int.

Glucose homeostasis following diesel exhaust particulate matter exposure in a lung epithelial cell-specific IKK2-deficient mouse model

DEP exposure primarily targeted hepatic insulin resistance. Chen et al. EHP.

Diet and the Gut

Gut microbiota of aquatic organisms: A key endpoint for ecotoxicological studies

Reviews the effects of pesticides, PCBs, PBDEs, heavy metals, nanoparticles, PPCPs, microplastics and endocrine disruptors on gut microbial communities. Evariste et al. Environ Pollut.

A prospective study of early pregnancy essential metal(loid)s and glucose levels late in the second trimester

Higher copper and lower molybdenum concentrations could increase the risk of glucose dysregulation during pregnancy, with women at higher risk of gestational diabetes potentially affected to a greater extent. Zheng et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.

Type 1 Diabetes

The influence of maternal body mass index, maternal diabetes mellitus, and maternal smoking during pregnancy on the risk of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus in the offspring: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

This meta-analysis of 21 studies found that offspring of women with overweight or obesity were at an increased risk of developing childhood-onset type 1 diabetes. Maternal diabetes was associated with an increased risk, especially maternal type 1 diabetes, followed by maternal gestational diabetes, and lastly by maternal type 2 diabetes. Offspring of fathers with type 1 had a 1.5 times higher risk of developing childhood-onset type 1 than offspring of mothers with type 1. Also, a reduced risk of childhood-onset type 1 was found in infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy. Hidayat et al. Obes Rev.

To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org

Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved.
You are receiving this email because you opted in to the Diabetes Obesity Scienceserv

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Sarah Howard

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May 28, 2019, 10:33:13 AM5/28/19
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Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies

Exposure to bisphenol a substitutes and gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study in China

The results provide evidence that BPAF and BPS might be potential risk factors of gestational diabetes. Zhang et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne).

Cadmium, lead and mercury in Norwegian obese patients before and 12 months after bariatric surgery

In the year after surgery, blood Pb concentrations increased while Hg and Cd levels decreased. Before surgery, there was a negative correlation between Pb levels and BMI, and a positive association between Hg and hypertension. Mikalsen et al. J Trace Elem Med Biol. While numerous studies have found that POP levels increase after bariatric surgery, I have not seen any other prior studies on metal levels.

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Metabolomic modulations of HepG2 cells exposed to bisphenol analogues

The findings suggest that although four bisphenols (BPA, BPAF, BPF, and BPS) can disrupt glucose metabolism, they may act through different mechanisms. Yue et al. Environ. Int.

Gut Microbiota

Influence of maternal microbiota during pregnancy on infant immunity

Reviews evidence that the gut microbiota during pregnancy is a critical determinant of offspring health, e.g., the maternal gut microbiota during pregnancy influences the development of autoimmunity in the offspring. Nyangahu and Jaspan. Clin Exp Immunol.

Maternal gut microbiota is associated with newborn anthropometrics in a sex-specific manner

This study found that maternal gut microbiota may have sex-specific effects on fetal growth (Japan). Sato et al. J Dev Orig Health Dis.

To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org

Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved.
You are receiving this email because you opted in to the Diabetes Obesity Scienceserv

Our mailing address is:
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