Fwd: CHE diabetes/obesity: new science this week

[Sarah Howard]

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View this email in your browser CHE Diabetes and Obesity News and Updates   Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies Air Pollution and Noise Diet and the Gut Type 1 Diabetes Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies Pilot study on the effect of orally administered bisphenol A on glucose and insulin response in nonobese adults The second BPA human intervention study found that dosing adults with BPA had immediate effects and lowered levels of insulin, glucose, and c-peptide (a marker of beta cell function). Hagobian et al. J Endocr Soc. [These findings were similar to those of the first study, Stahlhut et al. 2018]. Within-subject effects of environmental and social stressors on pre- and post-partum obesity-related biobehavioral responses in low-income Hispanic women: protocol of an intensive longitudinal study The "Maternal and Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors" (MADRES) real-time and personal sampling study will examine the within-subject day-level effects of environmental and social stressors on maternal pre- and post-partum obesity-related responses among a cohort of 65 low-income, Hispanic women in urban Los Angeles. O'Connor et al. BMC Public Health. Parabens exposure in early pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus Ethylparaben (EtP) levels were positively associated with gestational diabetes, but not methyl paraben or propylparaben (China). Liu et al. Environ Int. Perfluoroalkyl substances, metabolomic profiling, and alterations in glucose homeostasis among overweight and obese Hispanic children: A proof-of-concept analysis Higher PFOA and PFHxS levels were associated with higher glucose levels in overweight and obese Hispanic children from urban Los Angeles. Alderete et al. Environ. Int. Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies Prolonged inorganic arsenic exposure via drinking water impairs brown adipose tissue function in mice Arsenic exposure induced cold intolerance and impaired the expression of genes related to fat cell differentiation in brown adipose tissue. Zuo et al. Sci Total Environ. Arsenic exposure intensifies glycogen nephrosis in diabetic rats While either arsenic exposure or diabetes can impact kidney function, their combined impact is unclear. Using a rat model of type 1 diabetes, this study found that aside from intensifying glycogen nephrosis, the kidney was able to handle arsenic toxicity. Sertorio et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. Developmental programming: changes in mediators of insulin sensitivity in prenatal bisphenol A-treated female sheep Determined possible mechanisms to explain how prenatal BPA treatment causes insulin resistance in sheep. Findings showed prenatal BPA in non-monotonic manner (1) increased oxidative stress; (2) induced lipotoxicity in liver and muscle; and (3) increased aromatase and estrogen receptor expression in visceral adipose tissues. Puttabyatappa et al. Reprod Toxicol. Air Pollution and Noise Outdoor air pollution and gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis This analysis of 8 studies found positive associations between gestational diabetes and various air pollutants. Elshahidi, Iran J Public Health. Road traffic noise and markers of adiposity in the Danish nurse cohort: A cross sectional study The findings suggest that road traffic noise exposure in nurses with particular susceptibilities, such as those with job strain, or living in urban areas, may lead to increased BMI, but there was no association in the fully adjusted model. Cramer et al. Environ Res. Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and incidence of diabetes in China: A cohort study This long-term study from 15 provinces in China found a significant positive association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and diabetes incidence. The adverse effects of PM2.5 were larger among women, rural people, non-smokers, people with normal blood pressure and normal weight, and those under age 65. Liang et al. Environ. Int. Association of long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in China In this population-based study of Chinese adults with CVD, long-term exposure to air pollution was associated with a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors, including overweight/obesity. Yang et al. JAMA Netw Open. Diet and the Gut Probiotics and prebiotics for the amelioration of type 1 diabetes: present and future perspectives This review discusses the potential interactions between gut microbiota and immune mechanisms that are involved in the progression of T1D and contemplates the potential effects and prospects of gut microbiota modulators, including probiotic and prebiotic interventions, in the amelioration of T1D pathology, in both human and animal models. Mishra et al. Microorganisms. Heavy metal exposure causes changes in the metabolic health-associated gut microbiome and metabolites After 2 weeks of environmentally relevant exposure to arsenic and cadmium, mice showed significant changes to the gut microbiome and metabolome by affecting bile acids, amino acids and taxa associated with metabolic health. Li et al. Environ. Int. Bisphenol A inhibits mucin 2 secretion in intestinal goblet cells through mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress BPA can induce intestinal epithelial cell barrier dysfunction; however, its effects on the intestinal mucus barrier remain unclear. This study shows that BPA reduces the viability of intestinal mucus secreting cells. Zhao et al. Biomed Pharmacother. Type 1 Diabetes and the Immune System The jury is still out on possible links between cows' milk and type 1 diabetes Editorial by Johnny Ludvigsson, long-time type 1 diabetes researcher. Free full text. Acta Paediatr. To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org Collaborative on Health and the Environment in...@healthandenvironment.org | www.healthandenvironment.org Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved. You are receiving this email because you opted in to the Diabetes Obesity Scienceserv Our mailing address is: Collaborative on Health and the Environment PO Box 316 Bolinas, CA 94924 Add us to your address book