Fwd: CHE diabetes/obesity: New science this week

[Sarah Howard]

---------- Forwarded message ---------

View this email in your browser CHE Diabetes and Obesity News and Updates   Reviews Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies Type 1 Diabetes Exposed: The BPA Experiment Make sure to take a look at this four-part series (including a comic strip!) on BPA by Environmental Health News. Reviews Consensus on the key characteristics of endocrine-disrupting chemicals as a basis for hazard identification This Expert Consensus Statement identifies ten key characteristics (KCs) of EDCs, the logic by which these KCs were identified, assays that could be used to assess KCs, and how these KCs can be used to identify, organize and utilize mechanistic data when evaluating EDCs. La Merrill et al. Nat Rev Endocrinol. Association of exposure to phthalates with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis Found significant associations between the concentrations of phthalates and their metabolites with BMI, waist circumference, and LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose levels in serum. Golestanzadeh et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. Occurrence, toxic effects and removal of metformin in the aquatic environments in the world: Recent trends and perspectives Reviews the issues surrounding the diabetes drug metformin in wastewater. Elizalde-Velázquez and Gómez-Oliván, Sci Total Environ. Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies Prenatal dioxin exposure and glucose metabolism in the Seveso Second Generation study The Seveso Second Generation study is a cohort of children born to TCDD-exposed women resulting from a 1976 explosion in Seveso, Italy. In adult offspring, this study found that higher levels of TCDD at pregnancy was associated with lower insulin levels, lower insulin resistance, and lower beta cell function among daughters, but not sons, with some evidence of mediation by BMI. Warner et al. Environ Int. The influence of persistent organic pollutants on thyroidal, reproductive and adrenal hormones after bariatric surgery A year after bariatric surgery, POP levels increased, and some POPs were associated with changes in hormone levels (Norway). Jansen et al. Obes Surg. Association between fluoride exposure and cardiometabolic risk in peripubertal Mexican children Higher peripubertal fluoride exposure was significantly associated with increased levels of cardiometabolic risk factors, including fasting glucose and insulin levels in Mexican girls but not boys. Liu et al. Environ Int. Distribution of novel and legacy per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances in serum and its associations with two glycemic biomarkers among Chinese adult men and women with normal blood glucose levels Exposure levels of various PFAS were associated with slightly higher fasting glucose and long-term average glucose levels (HbA1c). Duan et al. Environ Int. Association of urinary phthalate metabolites and phenolics with adipokines and insulin resistance related markers among women of reproductive age Analyzed dozens of chemicals, including phthalates and phenols, in relation to insulin resistance-related markers in South Korean women of reproductive age, in single and multi-pollutant models. Found that DEHP metabolites and ethyl paraben were associated with increased adiponectin levels, and DEHP metabolites were also positively associated with fasting glucose. MMP, MiBP, and BPS levels were positively associated with insulin resistance, while propyl paraben levels were negatively associated with insulin resistance. Lee et al. Sci Total Environ. Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies PCB126 blocks the thermogenic beiging response of adipocytes This finding suggests a mechanism by which dioxin-like PCBs such as PCB126 could lead to disruption in energy homeostasis, potentially leading to obesity and diabetes. Gourronc et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. Effects of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and high-fat diet on lipid metabolism in rats by JAK2/STAT5 DEHP exposure leads to increased weight gain, and rats exposed to DEHP in combination with a high-fat diet showed a complete disorder of lipid metabolism. Zhang et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. Lipid metabolism alterations in a rat model of chronic and intergenerational exposure to arsenic Developmental exposure to arsenic dysregulated metabolism in rats. Rivas-Santiago et al. Biomed Res Int. Arsenic induces pancreatic dysfunction and ferroptosis via mitochondrial ROS-autophagy-lysosomal pathway Ferroptosis, a newly identified iron-dependent form of oxidative cell death, is involved in pancreatic dysfunction triggered by arsenic. Wei et al. J Hazard Mater. Type 1 Diabetes The increased risk of microvascular complications in South Asians with type 1 diabetes is influenced by migration: results from the UK-India multi-ethnic migration study South Asians with type 1 diabetes living in India had significantly greater risk of diabetic kidney disease and retinopathy, but a lower risk of neuropathy than white Europeans living in the UK. South Asians in India also had a significantly greater risk of diabetic kidney disease than South Asians living in the UK, but there was no significant difference in the risk of other complications. These finding are the same as are seen in type 2 diabetes. Chetan et al. Diabet Med. Historical and new insights into pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes A collection of four review articles of new findings presented at the Immunology of Diabetes Society meeting in London 2018. Topics include autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes, new autoantigenic targets for CD4 T cells, trafficking of immune cells to the pancreas, and islet-immune interactions in the pancreas. Wong and Tree, Clin Exp Immunol. [See the reference list of this article for links to all four articles, all of which are open-access and were published earlier this year.] Plasma ascorbic acid and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: the TEDDY study This large, prospective, international study of children at genetic risk of type 1 diabetes found that childhood plasma ascorbic acid was inversely associated with islet autoimmunity risk, but not with type 1 diabetes risk. Mattila et al. Diabetologia. To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org Collaborative on Health and the Environment in...@healthandenvironment.org | www.healthandenvironment.org Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved. You are receiving this email because you opted in to the Diabetes Obesity Scienceserv Our mailing address is: Collaborative on Health and the Environment PO Box 316 Bolinas, CA 94924 Add us to your address book

--

Sarah Howard

Diabetes and the Environment

Healthy Environment and Endocrine Disruptor Strategies (HEEDS)

[Sarah Howard]

---------- Forwarded message ---------

View this email in your browser CHE Diabetes and Obesity News and Updates

Reviews Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Air Pollution Type 1 Diabetes and Autoimmunity Reviews Early-life arsenic exposure, nutritional status, and adult diabetes risk Experimental animal studies and human evidence on the association of in utero arsenic exposure with alterations in gene expression pathways related to diabetes in newborns, support the potential role of early-life arsenic exposure in diabetes development. Navas-Acien et al. Curr Diab Rep. Setting the stage for islet autoimmunity in type 2 diabetes: Obesity-associated chronic systemic inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress Islet autoimmunity has been found in people with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but the pathway through which islet autoimmunity develops may be different. This review focuses on the potential origin of immune system activation leading to the development of islet autoimmunity in type 2 diabetes. Brooks-Worrell and Palmer, Diabetes Care. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition Just under half a billion people are living with diabetes worldwide and the number is projected to increase by 25% in 2030 and 51% in 2045. Saeedi et al. Diab Res Clin Pract. Worldwide estimates of incidence, prevalence and mortality of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition Worldwide estimates of numbers of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes continue to increase. Patterson et al. Diab Res Clin Pract. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Projections of the prevalence of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy in 2019 and beyond: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition Assuming other factors remain unchanged, best estimates of hyperglycemia in pregnancy show stabilization between 2019 and 2045 of 15.8% to 16.0%. However, this estimate is confounded by the heterogeneity of studies and the influence of different gestational diabetes mellitus diagnostic criteria. Yuen et al. Diab Res Clin Pract. Organophosphate esters: Are these flame retardants and plasticizers affecting children's health? Includes a discussion of adiposity, among other health outcomes. Doherty et al. Curr Environ Health Rep.

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies

Longitudinal association of biomarkers of pesticide exposure with cardiovascular disease risk factors in youth with diabetes Finally, a study that includes youth with type 1 diabetes (57.5% of participants)! This longitudinal U.S. study found that exposure to certain pesticides (2,4-D, 4-nitrophenol, trans-nonachlor) may be associated with impaired beta-cell function and poorer glycemic control among youth with diabetes. The study was small and so the authors were not able to determine if diabetes type played a role, however, for many of the persistent pesticides, youth with higher levels were more likely to have type 1 diabetes than type 2. Kaur et al. Environ. Res. Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and their relationship to hepatic fat and insulin insensitivity among Asian Indian immigrants in the United States In South Asians living in the U.S., a doubling of plasma levels of two DDTs were associated with insulin insensitivity, increased adiposity (BMI, waist circumference), increased circulating insulin, hepatic fat, and an increased risk of obesity, prediabetes, diabetes, and fatty liver. The findings suggest that exposure to DDTs may contribute to the risk of metabolic disease among Asian Indians by affecting hepatic fat levels independent of obesity. La Merrill et al. Environ Sci Technol. Perfluoroalkyl substances and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver in Children: An untargeted metabolomics approach Higher PFAS exposure was associated with more severe disease in U.S. children with NAFLD. Jin et al. Environ Int. Simultaneous determination of perfluoroalkyl substances and bile acids in human serum using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry There is evidence of a positive association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and cholesterol levels in human plasma, which may be due to common reabsorption of PFASs and bile acids in the gut. This study found significant associations between plasma PFAS and bile acids levels. Salihović et al. Anal Bioanal Chem. The relationship of obesity with lifestyle and dietary exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals In Spanish children, dietary exposure to phytoestrogens and BPA were related to the risk of obesity. Heras-González et al. Food Chem Toxicol. Association between phthalate exposure and blood pressure during pregnancy Exposure to higher levels of MiBP may be related to increased blood pressure during pregnancy in pregnant women with male fetuses (China). Han et al. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf.

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Omics approach reveals perturbation of metabolism and phenotype in Caenorhabditis elegans triggered by perfluorinated compounds Exposure to PFCs in roundwarms leads to perturbation of various phenotypes as well as crucial amino acid and lipid metabolism. Kim et al. Sci Total Environ. Adipocyte epigenetic alterations and potential therapeutic targets in transgenerationally inherited lean and obese phenotypes following ancestral exposures Fat cells from the great-grand offspring F3 generation of rats ancestrally exposed to DDT or atrazine had differential DNA methylated regions as compared to those of control rats. King et al. Adipocyte. Life-long impairment of glucose homeostasis upon prenatal exposure to psychostimulants Episodic maternal exposure to psychostimulants during pregnancy coincident with the intrauterine specification of pancreatic β cells permanently impairs their ability of insulin production, leading to glucose intolerance in adult female but not male offspring. Korchynska et al. EMBO J. Multigenerational effects of perfluorooctanoic acid on lipid metabolism of Caenorhabditis elegans and its potential mechanism In roundworms, exposure to PFOA for four generations led to higher fat content in most generations. The obesogenic effects of PFOA resulted from a complex combination of various enzymes and pathways, including the insulin signaling pathway. Li et al. Sci Total Environ. Air Pollution Air pollution-derived particulate matter dysregulates hepatic Krebs cycle, glucose and lipid metabolism in mice Found effects of PM2.5 exposure on hepatic metabolic pathways. Reyes-Caballero et al. Sci Rep. Type 1 Diabetes and Autoimmunity Also see the review and human studies categories above for other articles above relating to type 1 diabetes. Association between mixture of persistent organic pollutants and thyroid pathologies in a Belgian population An index of POP levels was associated with an increased risk of hypothyroidism, one of the autoimmune thyroid diseases. Dufour et al. Environ Res. Potential association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and gender dysphoria There was an increased prevalence of a concurrent diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in those with gender dysphoria compared to the general population (Univ of Wisconsin). Logel et al. Pediatr Diabetes. [I have not seen any other studies on this topic] For debate: Programing of the autoimmune diabetogenic response in the thymus during fetal and perinatal life Discusses a series of experimental data that support the hypothesis that viruses might infect the fetal thymus and disturb in utero central self-tolerance. Geenen and Hober, Pediatr Endocrinol Rev.

To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org

Collaborative on Health and the Environment in...@healthandenvironment.org | www.healthandenvironment.org

Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved. You are receiving this email because you opted in to the Diabetes Obesity Scienceserv Our mailing address is: Collaborative on Health and the Environment PO Box 316 Bolinas, CA 94924 Add us to your address book

[Sarah Howard]

---------- Forwarded message ---------

View this email in your browser CHE Diabetes and Obesity News and Updates

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies Air Pollution Type 1 Diabetes and Autoimmunity

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies In utero exposure to mercury and childhood overweight or obesity: counteracting effect of maternal folate status In this U.S. urban, multi-ethnic population, elevated in utero mercury exposure was associated with a higher risk of overweight or obesity in childhood, and such risk was enhanced by maternal overweight/obesity and/or diabetes and reduced by adequate maternal folate. Wang et al. BMC Med. Associations of a mixture of urinary phthalate metabolites with blood lipid traits: A repeated-measures pilot study Found negative overall associations of the mixture of nine phthalate metabolites with total or LDL cholesterol (China). Zhu et al. Environ Pollut.

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Functional cytochrome P450 1A enzymes are induced in mouse and human islets following pollutant exposure Direct TCDD exposure to human and mouse islets in vitro resulted in suppressed glucose-induced insulin secretion. A single high-dose TCDD injection resulted in lower plasma insulin levels, as well as a pronounced increase in beta cell death. Ibrahim et al. Diabetologia. Adolescent exposure to environmental level of PCBs (Aroclor 1254) induces non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in male mice Exposure to environmental level of PCBs during adolescence stimulated oxidative stress, ER stress and the inflammatory response and caused NAFLD in male mice. Ruan et al. Environ Res. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) activation and metabolism disturbance induced by bisphenol A and its replacement analog bisphenol S using in vitro macrophages and in vivo mouse models BPA and BPS activated PPARγ and its target genes in human macrophages, and disturb metabolism through targeting PPARγ via both in vitro assays and in vivo animal models. Gao et al. Environ Int. Air Pollution Air pollution, noise exposure, and metabolic syndrome - A cohort study in elderly Mexican-Americans in Sacramento area Each per unit increase of traffic-related NOx was associated with a 15% lower level of HDL cholesterol, and each 11.6 decibel increase in noise increased the risk of developing metabolic syndrome by 17%. Yu et al. Environ Int. Association between air pollution exposure and diabetic retinopathy among diabetics In people with diabetes, this longitudinal study found that the higher the particulate matter exposure, the higher the retinopathy risk. (Taiwan). Pan et al. Environ Res. [This is the first study I've seen in air pollution and retinopathy; other diabetes complications (e.g., cardiovascular) are also linked to air pollution exposure.] The impact of air pollution on the incidence of diabetes and survival among prevalent diabetes cases Selected air pollutants, especially NO2, were linked to an increased risk of incident diabetes, as well as risk of cardiovascular or diabetes mortality among persons with prevalent diabetes (Ontario, Canada). Paul et al. Environ Int.

Type 1 Diabetes and Autoimmunity

The risk of progression to type 1 diabetes is highly variable in individuals with multiple autoantibodies following screening Among participants with 2 autoantibodies, those with GADA had less risk and those with IA-2A had higher risk of type 1 diabetes. Those with IAA and GADA had only a 17% 5 year risk of type 1 diabetes. Jacobsen et al. Diabetologia. The dynamic interplay between the gut microbiota and autoimmune diseases Free full text review on the links between gut microbiota dysbiosis with autoimmune mechanisms involved in disease development. Xu et al. J Immunol Res.

To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org

Collaborative on Health and the Environment in...@healthandenvironment.org | www.healthandenvironment.org

Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved. You are receiving this email because you opted in to the Diabetes Obesity Scienceserv Our mailing address is: Collaborative on Health and the Environment PO Box 316 Bolinas, CA 94924 Add us to your address book

[Sarah Howard]

---------- Forwarded message ---------

View this email in your browser CHE Diabetes and Obesity News and Updates

Reviews, Editorials, Prevalence

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Reviews, Editorials, Prevalence Editorial: Endocrine disrupters and metabolism The journal Frontiers in Endocrinology published a special issue on Endocrine Disruptors and Metabolism. All the papers have previously been listed here so I won't list them again, but this introductory editorial was just published. Gibert et al. Front Endocrinol. Prevalence of prediabetes among adolescents and young adults in the United States, 2005-2016 In the U.S., about 1 of 5 adolescents and 1 of 4 young adults have prediabetes. The adjusted prevalence of prediabetes is higher in male individuals and in people with obesity. Andes et al. JAMA Pediatr. Microbiota in pancreatic health and disease: the next frontier in microbiome research This Perspectives examines literature implicating microorganisms in diseases of the pancreas, specifically pancreatitis, type 1 diabetes mellitus and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Thomas and Jobin, Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. Effects of long-term exposure to air pollution on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of cohort studies The findings show long-term exposure to PM2.5, and PM10 could significantly increase the incidence of type 2 diabetes, especially in cohorts with long follow-up time. Yang et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. The impact of environmental cadmium exposure on type 2 diabetes risk: a protocol for an overview of systematic reviews This overview will assess current evidence from systematic reviews for the association between cadmium exposure and risk of type 2 diabetes and other metabolic morbidities. Hildebrand et al. Syst Rev.

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies

Association of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and obesity in children aged 3-18: Canadian Health Measures Survey 2009-2015 Those in the highest quartile for naphthalene or total PAH metabolites had three times greater odds of having central obesity compared with those in the lowest quartile. Bushnik et al. J Dev Orig Health Dis. Population-based study of traffic-related air pollution and obesity in Mexican Americans Higher traffic-related air pollution exposures were associated with lower BMI in men but higher BMI in women (Houston, Texas). Zhang et al. Obesity (Silver Spring). The association between heavy metal and serum cholesterol levels in the US population: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2012. Higher blood Pb, Hg, and Cd levels were associated with significantly increased odds of high total cholesterol. Buhari et al. Hum Exp Toxicol. Association of bisphenol A and its alternatives bisphenol S and F exposure with hypertension and blood pressure: A cross-sectional study in China BPA and BPS exposure were suggested to be associated with increased hypertension risk and blood pressure levels, with different dose-response relationships. Jiang et al. Environ Pollut. Could phthalates exposure contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome and liver disease in humans? Various phthalates were differently associated with various measures of metabolism in different subgroups, including with higher glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes (Serbia). Milošević et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int.

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Upregulation of vitamin D-binding protein is associated with changes in insulin production in pancreatic beta-cells exposed to p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE Examines the effect of DDT and DDE on beta cells. Pavlíková et al. Sci Rep. Bifenthrin induces fat deposition by improving fatty acid uptake and inhibiting lipolysis in mice Long-term exposure to low-doses of the widely-used pesticide bifenthrin induces fat deposition in mice. Wei et al. J Agric Food Chem. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate affects lipid metabolism in zebrafish larvae via DNA methylation modification Both TBPH and its metabolite, TBMEHP, affect methylation of the PPARγ promoter, subsequently influencing larvae lipid metabolism via the PPARγ signaling pathway and disrupting energy homeostasis. Guo et al. Environ Sci Technol. Triphenyl phosphate causes a sexually dimorphic metabolism dysfunction associated with disordered adiponectin receptors in pubertal mice Exposure to the organophosphate flame retardant/plasticizer triphenyl phosphate inhibited adiponectin levels in females and stimulated it in males, leading to increased insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in females. Wang et al. J Hazard Mater. Adipogenic activity of 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ pathway 2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP), an organophosphate flame retardant/plasticizer, induced adipogenesis in preadipocytes. Sun et al. Sci Total Environ. SOCS-3 contributes to bisphenol a exposure-induced insulin resistance in hepatocytes Qi et al. Sci China Life Sci.

To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org

Collaborative on Health and the Environment in...@healthandenvironment.org | www.healthandenvironment.org

Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved. You are receiving this email because you opted in to the Diabetes Obesity Scienceserv Our mailing address is: Collaborative on Health and the Environment PO Box 316 Bolinas, CA 94924 Add us to your address book

[Sarah Howard]

---------- Forwarded message ---------

View this email in your browser CHE Diabetes and Obesity News and Updates

Reviews

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Air Pollution The Gut

Type 1 Diabetes and Autoimmunity

Reviews The chemical exposome of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Opportunities and challenges in the omics era Reviews the chemical exposome associated with type 2 diabetes; the tools and approaches to capture this exposome, and whether omics technologies can help fill in the gaps to help provide high throughput exposomics datasets to help understand type 2 development in the context of industrialization, lifestyle changes, urbanization, and pollution. Misra and Misra, Diabetes Metab Syndr. Perinatal programming of metabolic diseases: the role of glucocorticoids Reviews the role of increased glucocorticoids due to perinatal stress on the physiological systems involved in metabolic homeostasis and in the target organs such as the endocrine pancreas, white adipose tissue, and blood vessels, and some mechanisms underlining the programming of type 2 diabetes, obesity and hypertension. Facchi et al. Metabolism. Influence of mental stress and environmental toxins on circadian clocks - implications for redox regulation of the heart and cardioprotection Overview of the impact of the external exposome comprising risk factors/exposures on cardiovascular health with focus on dysregulation of stress hormones, mitochondrial function, redox balance and inflammation and special emphasis on the circadian clock. Li et al. Br J Pharmacol.

Environmental Chemicals: Human Studies

Early pregnancy exposure to benzotriazoles and benzothiazoles in relation to gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study Exposure to certain benzotriazoles and benzothiazoles, widely-used chemicals, in early pregnancy were associated with impaired glucose tolerance and an increased risk of gestational diabetes (China). Zhou et al. Environ Int. Pesticide exposure and diabetes mellitus in a semi-urban Nepali population: a cross-sectional study The apparently lower odds of diabetes among pesticide-exposed persons in this population are probably due to residual confounding. The results do not support an association between pesticide exposure and diabetes in this low-exposed population dominated by subsistence farmers, although results should be interpreted with caution in light of the study limitations. Hansen et al. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. Perfluoroalkyl substances and likelihood of stroke in persons with and without diabetes These data suggest that perfluoroalkyl substances do not increase risk of stroke among persons with or without diabetes (U.S., high exposures). Hutcheson et al. Diab Vasc Dis Res.

Environmental Chemicals: Laboratory Studies

Bisphenols B, E, F, and S and 4-cumylphenol induce lipid accumulation in mouse adipocytes similarly to bisphenol A Found that BPB, BPE, BPF, BPS, and 4-CP all affected lipid accumulation and leptin levels to the same extent and potencies as BPA. Ramskov Tetzlaff et al. Environ Toxicol. Effects of chronic cadmium exposure at food limitation-relevant levels on energy metabolism in mice Cadmium exposure perturbed the energy metabolism in mice, and both liver and gut microbiome underwent marked structural and functional alterations. He et al. J Hazard Mater. Rat liver epigenome programing by perinatal exposure to 2,2',4'4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether Early exposure to flame retardants led to 33 differentially methylated DNA regions and 15 differentially expressed miRNAs for terms related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, insulin signaling, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, showing that changes in the liver epigenome are a likely candidate mechanism of dysfunctional metabolism. Suvorov et al. Epigenomics. Hepatic transcriptomic patterns in the neonatal rat after pentabromodiphenyl ether exposure The hepatic transcriptomic alterations after exposure to DE-71 or PBDE-47 were similar and provided early indicators of oxidative stress and metabolic alterations. Dunnick et al. Toxicol. Pathol. Air Pollution Effects of ambient particulate matter on fasting blood glucose: A systematic review and meta-analysis With both long and short terms exposures, fasting blood glucose increased in relation to both PM2.5. and PM10. Ma et al. Environ Pollut. Air quality and obesity at older ages in China: The role of duration, severity and pollutants Chronic exposures to severe air pollution and certain pollutants such as PM2.5 and PM10 raise the risk of obesity among older people in China. Zhang et al. PLoS One. Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter from a large coal mine fire is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study Higher average and peak PM2.5 exposure was associated with an increased likelihood of gestational diabetes, especially exposure in the second trimester (Australia). Melody et al. Environ. Res. The Gut Environmental chemical diethylhexyl phthalate alters intestinal microbiota community structure and metabolite profile in mice While this paper focuses on neurodevelopmental disorders, changes to gut microbiota are also linked to diabetes development. Lei et al. mSystems. Perinatal triclosan exposure in the rat induces long-term disturbances in metabolism and gut microbiota in adulthood and old age In rats, exposure to triclosan during early life caused increased blood glucose, leptin, HDL/LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, and in the liver caused lower glycogen levels and higher triglyceride levels. It also led to reduced diversity and altered composition of gut microbiota. These effects lasted a lifetime even without further exposure and accumulated over time. Ma et al. Environ. Res. The microbiota composition of the offspring of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) Many maternal conditions impact the microbiota composition of children of mothers with gestational diabetes. Ponzo et al. PLoS One.

Type 1 Diabetes and Autoimmunity

Micronutrients in autoimmune diseases: possible therapeutic benefits of zinc and vitamin D Overviews general concepts of triggers and underlying mechanisms leading to autoimmunity. Lately, several original concepts of disease etiology were revised, and there is a variety of hypotheses on triggers, underlying mechanisms and preventive actions, including using zinc and vitamin D. Wessels and Rink, J Nutr Biochem.

To see how these studies relate to existing research, or for more on environmental chemicals and diabetes/obesity, visit www.diabetesandenvironment.org

Collaborative on Health and the Environment in...@healthandenvironment.org | www.healthandenvironment.org

Copyright © 2019 Collaborative on Health and the Environment, All rights reserved. You are receiving this email because you opted in to the Diabetes Obesity Scienceserv Our mailing address is: Collaborative on Health and the Environment PO Box 316 Bolinas, CA 94924 Add us to your address book