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Since its first description more than four decades ago, the atypical endometrial change associated with chorionic tissue effect has been widely confirmed in the literature. However, errors and inaccuracies in text books and other publications often occur. This review clarifies some of these misconceptions and presents a summary of new data on the histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of the change. A brief discussion of the pathogenesis and biologic significance of the alteration is included.
These unique plates will brighten up your dining experience. Available in four designs, each 4-inch plate is made of stoneware and individually hand-painted. Each sold separately, though they make a great set! And check out these face spoons!
Many in Congress envisioned the United States as the hub of a world monetary system and responded with their own ideas for an international gold coin, but few proposals went beyond debate. By 1871, it was silver, not gold, that was on the minds of many legislators, and silver was not faring well at all. Germany adopted the gold standard and dumped huge amounts of silver on the market, thereby depressing its price. At the same time, vast quantities of silver from the Comstock Lode added to the oversupply. With little industrial use for the metal, western mine owners desperately needed the U.S. Mint as a customer and in a big way. Fortunately, they got help from three very cooperative members of Congress, Representatives Richard Bland, John Kasson and William Kelley. For over two decades, these three never missed an opportunity to promote the interests of either silver or nickel mine owners, and they were often quite successful in their efforts.
Gem specimens of all four issues exist, but many stellas saw use as jewelry or pocket pieces and show impairments of some kind. Friction on the design will first show on the face of Liberty on the obverse and on the star on the reverse. Unlike the commonly traded bullion coins struck in the latter part of the 19th and early 20th-centuries, stellas are infrequently seen and always scrutinized, making counterfeits virtually unknown.
After two years, the four-dollar gold piece was abandoned by the Mint and forgotten by the public and Congress. Today, only numismatists remember the dream of a universal coinage system that created these fascinating coins.
The Latin Monetary Union was established in 1865 to provide for a standard gold coinage that would be exchangeable across borders. Though the USA never joined this organization during its 60 years of existence, Congress did take an interest in creating a gold issue that would be comparable in value to familiar European gold issues such as the French 20 francs and Italian 20 lire coins. In 1879-80 pattern coins were struck in gold and several base metals for a four-dollar piece that was approximately equal in value to these foreign pieces, but the idea was doomed from the start. Creating a coin that contained exactly four dollars in gold that would be suitable in domestic circulation rendered it of unequal value to the established foreign pieces, and no practical solution was found to this problem.
Two designs were created, the Flowing Hair Liberty attributed to Charles Barber and the Coiled Hair Liberty by George Morgan. These featured a common reverse dominated by a five-pointed star, and it from this device that the coins acquired the name Stella, Latin for star. The balance of the design consisted mostly of numerals and text defining the coins' metallic composition, this in an effort to sell the international concept.
NGC will attribute all Stellas at no additional fee beyond that of grading. The gold strikes will be attributed by their dates and designs alone, while the base metal strikes will include their Judd numbers from the standard reference on United States pattern and trial coins.
The Snow-Woman was my favorite of the four, probably because it has by far the most lovable protagonist. Now in her 70s, Maude has never gotten over the deaths of her brothers in the war years ago, and never permitted herself to become close to another human being. Things change when a baby is born on her antique sofa (horrors!), she takes a trip to France and revisits old haunts and meets old friends, and returns home to some new discoveries including that love can come back to life after all. Funny, heartwarming, and poignant in the best way.
Character and setting are the strength of these four, so if you fancy a visit to Switzerland, Hampstead, Cornwall or France in the company of some entertainingly flawed individuals, do take a look. For me, it was just the break I needed.
Stellantis is in full execution mode with a comprehensive electrification strategy to deliver exciting, class-leading vehicles for our iconic brands that offer advanced technology at affordable prices.
At Stellantis, electrification is not a one-size-fits-all proposition. Our global engineering teams are developing vehicle platforms, propulsion and energy storage systems that will enhance the inherent DNA of each of our 14 iconic brands.
The 4 platforms - 3 unibody and 1 body on frame - are designed with a high level of flexibility to offer the most efficient solution for each vehicle category, from city-cars to pickup trucks and SUVs. In addition to component sharing across platforms, the flexibility offered by these platforms will reduce complexity and deliver economies of scale, with each platform capable of supporting production of up to two million units per year.
The first of four global BEV-native platforms, STLA Medium was unveiled in July 2023 with state-of-the-art features including best-in-class range of 700 kilometers (approx. 435 miles), energy efficiency, embedded power and charging power.
Unveiled in January 2024, STLA Large is a highly flexible platform that enables several segment-leading capabilities ranging from embedded energy and charging efficiency to high-performance vehicle dynamics and Trail Rated off-road driving.
Stellantis will utilize three different EDMs that cover the full global vehicle range from the STLA Small up to the STLA Frame platform. This third-generation technology is highly flexible, with a design that is both modular and scalable (from 70kW to 330 kW), and a high level of commonality to optimize overall cost efficiency. A key element of this strategy is development of one power inverter for all three EDM families with scalable technology, common microprocessor and in-house controls and software.
Our current dual chemistry battery approach includes nickel- and cobalt-free as well as nickel-based alternatives, offering a range of energy densities. We have just extended our range with a lithium iron phosphate LFP battery pack which offers a cost-efficient and more affordable option for BEV models.
We also offer hybrid propulsion alternatives, such as the award-winning 4xe plugins from Jeep, which are already a hit with consumers as they offer electric propulsion combined with the extended range offered by an internal combustion engine. Our new cutting-edge eDCT (Electrified dual-clutch transmission) technology which is available with two levels of electrification (48-volt and 320-volt) also supports our hybrid and PHEV applications.
Beyond the vehicles themselves, our electrification strategy also includes making sure we have access to the key raw materials through to second-life use and recycling of key components such as battery packs.
In this episode of the Stella Culinary School Podcast we kick off our bread baking lecture series with a lesson on the four ingredients needed to make bread. We discuss the science behind flour, water, yeast and salt and how it will affect your overall bread dough recipe.
The Stella Culinary School Podcast is our core curriculum and the most effective method to gain knowledge and take your cooking to the next level. You can view and listen to all episodes by visiting the Stella Culinary School Podcast Index.
I'm glad you enjoyed the first podcast in the bread series. Even though a lot of the stuff we covered is common knowledge, especially if you've been hanging around on the forums for awhile, I was still important to set that foundation so we could expand BIG TIME coming up in the near future.
I add a mixture of 85% bread dough and 15% whole wheat flour to my starter when feeding. Works for me. I had to experiement with the amount of hydration and baking temp to make tradeoffs in the spring, crust and crumb. A lot of trial and error. Mostly error. In the end, it all depends on your personal preference. I also learned that one of the best parts of my sourdough is the high fat content European butter I use as a spread
I find that anything above 25% whole wheat flour will start to create a dense texture. This doesn't mean that it shouldn't be done, but I've found that's the point where the whole wheat flour will start to degass the loaf and form a denser crumb.
@chefJacob
Because of your podcasts (both FCS and SCS), I have become extremely curious about bread and baking. Thank you so much for opening up that world. I am on a quest to make the perfect hamburger bun. SO if anyone has any suggestions... I'm all ears!
Hi Marc, good question. There is a slight difference in the yeast that you use. Usually with enriched dough (like hamburger buns or brioche) I like to use cake or "compressed" yeast because it gives that nice "yeasty" flavor. You can convert yeast though with the following formula:
Fat content is on the high side, which is normal for brioche, but it will also make the dough harder to work with. When you have this much fat in your dough, it's usually best to let it bulk ferment in the fridge overnight. The delayed fermentation will create better flavor, but it will also make the dough much easier to form (brioche dough gets really hard to handle at room temp).
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