The BodyPoseNet models described in this card are used for multi-person human pose estimation network, which aims to predict the skeleton for every person in a given input image which consists of keypoints and the connections between them. This follows a single shot bottom-up methodology and there is no need for a person detector. Hence, the compute does not scale linearly with the number of people in the scene.The pose / skeleton output is commonly used as input for applications like activity/gesture recognition, fall detection, posture analysis, among others.
This is a fully convolutional model with architecture consisting of a backbone network (like VGG), an initial estimation stage which does a pixel-wise prediction of confidence maps (heatmaps) and part affinity fields followed by multistage refinement (0 to N stages) on the initial predictions.
The inference performance is measured for INT8 precision and for a input dimension of 288x384. The inference performance runs with trtexec on Jetson Nano, AGX Xavier, Xavier NX and NVIDIA T4 GPU. The Jetson devices run at Max-N configuration for maximum system performance. The end-to-end performance with streaming video data might slightly vary depending on use cases of applications.
The network may have difficulty estimating poses of people when there exists no distinction with the background (for example, estimation failure may occur for a person wearing a black sweater against a dark background).
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This section describes the pose library, which is based on the Asset Browser.For an overview of the asset system, see the Asset Libraries section.The pose library is meant to be used in Pose Mode. In other words, it only workswhen posing an armature, and not for general object animation.
A pose asset is an action that has been marked as asset,and that contains exactly one frame of animation data.Usually these are created via the Create Pose Asset button (see below),but any action that is keyed on exactly one frame can be seen as pose asset.
Animators eat and breathe time, so there is a fair chance that you already havesome poses lined up on the timeline. Creating a pose asset from existing animationis pretty much the same as described above, with a few subtle differences:
When you create a pose asset, Blender may automatically assign it to an asset catalog.This only works if there is an Asset Browser visible;Blender then assigns the pose asset to its active asset catalog.If there are multiple Asset Browsers open, it performs the following steps:
The camera, as well as the rest of the scene, can be set up specifically for rendering the thumbnails.Pose library files are intended for that purpose: to contain the poses and render their preview images.
Background color can be animated by placing a plane behind the character and animating its material.In this case just for fun, but for more serious applicationsthis could be used to indicate a certain character, or a mood, or anything else.
The pose library can be used directly from the Asset Browser.The Pose Library panels will appear when the active object is an armatureand in Pose Mode. The catalog systemand the filter bar at the top can be used to search for specific poses.
Will mirror the pose from left to right and vice versa. This makes itpossible, for example, to apply a left-hand pose to the right hand, reducingthe number of poses you have to put into the library. This can of course alsobe applied for asymmetrical facial expressions that depend on the cameraangle. While blending (see below), keep Ctrl pressed to blend the flipped pose.
Click on a pose to apply it. A single click is enough.You can also select and apply a pose via the cursor keys.This allows for fast exploration of the poses,to directly see the result on the active character.
In Blender 3.0, the Asset Browser based pose library, described above, replacedits predecessor pose library system. This section describes how to convert posesfrom the old pose library to the current system.
PoseNet can be used to estimate either a single pose or multiple poses, meaning there is a version of the algorithm that can detect only one person in an image/video and another version that can detect multiple persons in an image/video.
In either case, once the module is running, point your browser to :5000/ and you will see the API documentation, where you can test the module functionality, as well as perform other actions (such as training).
\nThe list highlights in particular the threat of gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics. These bacteria have built-in abilities to find new ways to resist treatment and can pass along genetic material that allows other bacteria to become drug-resistant as well.
\n\"This list is a new tool to ensure R&D responds to urgent public health needs,\" says Dr Marie-Paule Kieny, WHO's Assistant Director-General for Health Systems and Innovation. \"Antibiotic resistance is growing, and we are fast running out of treatment options. If we leave it to market forces alone, the new antibiotics we most urgently need are not going to be developed in time.\"
\nThe most critical group of all includes multidrug resistant bacteria that pose a particular threat in hospitals, nursing homes, and among patients whose care requires devices such as ventilators and blood catheters. They include Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and various Enterobacteriaceae (including Klebsiella, E. coli, Serratia, and Proteus). They can cause severe and often deadly infections such as bloodstream infections and pneumonia.
\nThe list is intended to spur governments to put in place policies that incentivize basic science and advanced R&D by both publicly funded agencies and the private sector investing in new antibiotic discovery. It will provide guidance to new R&D initiatives such as the WHO/Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) Global Antibiotic R&D Partnership that is engaging in not-for-profit development of new antibiotics.
\nThe list was developed in collaboration with the Division of Infectious Diseases at the University of Tbingen, Germany, using a multi-criteria decision analysis technique vetted by a group of international experts. The criteria for selecting pathogens on the list were: how deadly the infections they cause are; whether their treatment requires long hospital stays; how frequently they are resistant to existing antibiotics when people in communities catch them; how easily they spread between animals, from animals to humans, and from person to person; whether they can be prevented (e.g. through good hygiene and vaccination); how many treatment options remain; and whether new antibiotics to treat them are already in the R&D pipeline.
\n\"New antibiotics targeting this priority list of pathogens will help to reduce deaths due to resistant infections around the world,\" says Prof Evelina Tacconelli, Head of the Division of Infectious Diseases at the University of Tbingen and a major contributor to the development of the list. \"Waiting any longer will cause further public health problems and dramatically impact on patient care.\"
\nWhile more R&D is vital, alone, it cannot solve the problem. To address resistance, there must also be better prevention of infections and appropriate use of existing antibiotics in humans and animals, as well as rational use of any new antibiotics that are developed in future.
The list highlights in particular the threat of gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics. These bacteria have built-in abilities to find new ways to resist treatment and can pass along genetic material that allows other bacteria to become drug-resistant as well.
"This list is a new tool to ensure R&D responds to urgent public health needs," says Dr Marie-Paule Kieny, WHO's Assistant Director-General for Health Systems and Innovation. "Antibiotic resistance is growing, and we are fast running out of treatment options. If we leave it to market forces alone, the new antibiotics we most urgently need are not going to be developed in time."
The most critical group of all includes multidrug resistant bacteria that pose a particular threat in hospitals, nursing homes, and among patients whose care requires devices such as ventilators and blood catheters. They include Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and various Enterobacteriaceae (including Klebsiella, E. coli, Serratia, and Proteus). They can cause severe and often deadly infections such as bloodstream infections and pneumonia.
The list is intended to spur governments to put in place policies that incentivize basic science and advanced R&D by both publicly funded agencies and the private sector investing in new antibiotic discovery. It will provide guidance to new R&D initiatives such as the WHO/Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) Global Antibiotic R&D Partnership that is engaging in not-for-profit development of new antibiotics.
The list was developed in collaboration with the Division of Infectious Diseases at the University of Tbingen, Germany, using a multi-criteria decision analysis technique vetted by a group of international experts. The criteria for selecting pathogens on the list were: how deadly the infections they cause are; whether their treatment requires long hospital stays; how frequently they are resistant to existing antibiotics when people in communities catch them; how easily they spread between animals, from animals to humans, and from person to person; whether they can be prevented (e.g. through good hygiene and vaccination); how many treatment options remain; and whether new antibiotics to treat them are already in the R&D pipeline.
"New antibiotics targeting this priority list of pathogens will help to reduce deaths due to resistant infections around the world," says Prof Evelina Tacconelli, Head of the Division of Infectious Diseases at the University of Tbingen and a major contributor to the development of the list. "Waiting any longer will cause further public health problems and dramatically impact on patient care."
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