Der Schwarze Panther
Mireille Kreines
Ein schwarzer Panther oder schwarzer Panter ist ein Leopard (Panthera pardus) oder Jaguar (Panthera onca), dessen Fell eine durchgehend schwarze Frbung statt wie blich schwarze Rosetten auf einem gold-gelben Grund aufweist. Unter gnstigen Lichtverhltnissen ist die eigentlich gefleckte Fellzeichnung aber immer noch zu erkennen. Es handelt sich bei diesen Panthern also nicht um eine eigene Art, sondern um eine Form des Melanismus.
Bei den Leoparden entsteht die Schwarzfrbung durch die Vererbung eines rezessiven Gens. Das rezessive Gen kann auch bei den normalfarbenen vorhanden sein, da es durch das dominante Gen, welches die Gelbfrbung bewirkt, unterdrckt wird und somit keinen Einfluss auf die Fellfarbe gewinnt. Eine Weitervererbung des rezessiven Gens durch normalfarbene Tiere ist mglich, so dass schwarze Leoparden in einem Wurf vorhanden sein knnen, sofern beide normalfarbigen Elternteile Trger des fr die Schwarzfrbung verursachenden rezessiven Gens sind.
Im Gegensatz zum Leoparden ist das die Schwarzfrbung verursachende Gen beim Jaguar dominant, so dass schwarze Jungtiere bereits dann auftreten knnen, wenn nur ein Elterntier das Gen aufweist.[1] Dies bedeutet auch, dass normalfarbige Jungtiere entstehen knnen, wenn die Eltern schwarz gefrbt sind, jedoch beide Elternteile das rezessive Gen fr die gemusterte Farbgebung in sich tragen.
Fellfarben entstehen durch die unterschiedliche Verteilung von Melaninen im Fell, das von den Melanozyten (Pigmentzellen) an die Fellhaare abgegeben wird. Man unterscheidet bei dem Farbstoff Melanin zwischen dem schwarzen Eumelanin, das dem Haar eine brunliche bis schwrzliche Frbung verleiht, und Phomelanin, das dem Fell eine gelbliche bis rotbraune Frbung verleiht. Das dominante Gen beim Jaguar sowie das rezessive Gen beim Leoparden bewirken eine hhere Produktion von Eumelanin.[2][3][4]
Schwrzlinge treten insbesondere bei sdostasiatischen Unterarten des Leoparden wie dem Java-Leoparden vermehrt auf. Man geht auch deshalb davon aus, dass zahlreiche Tiere, die in Zoos als schwarze Panther ohne Unterartstatus gehalten werden, Vertreter des seltenen Java-Leoparden sein drften.[5]
Auch in Afrika gibt es schwarze Leoparden. Im Rahmen der BBC-Serie Wildes Afrika (Erstausstrahlung in 2001) wurden im kenianischen Aberdare-Nationalpark schwarze Leoparden gefilmt.[6] Sowohl in ihrer Lebensweise als auch in ihrem Paarungs- und Jagdverhalten unterscheiden sich Panther nicht von Leoparden.
Ein bekannter fiktiver schwarzer Panther ist Bagheera aus Rudyard Kiplings Dschungelbuch. Im Unterschied zu dem als gefhrliche Bestie dargestellten schwarzen Panther in der Erzhlung von Karl May ist Bagheera als Beschtzer und Berater des Findelkindes Mowgli eine positive Figur.
The Black Panther is a large shadowy feline that resides in Dracula's castle. This jet-black cat likes to sit and wait for a hapless adventurer to wander by and then dashes at full speed at them. If it lands behind its prey after a jump, it will turn around and dash back for one more attack. Sometimes, it will even stop in the middle of a dash and turn around to charge back at the player.
When Soma Cruz gets a hold of the Black Panther's soul, he gains the Sonic Dash ability, which allows him to move at an absurdly high speed and create a sonic barrier around him that will instantly kill weaker enemies and damage larger ones.
First appearance of the Black Leopard in the series, making their only appearance in Stage 1. The first one is encountered near the beginning of the game, lying on a platform of the main hall. When approached, it will quickly pounce forward at Simon and change direction once it lands. It can be easily dispatched with a single strike of the whip (there's no need to crouch). The second leopard is encountered shortly after, on a higher platform. The railing on the background makes it a bit hard to see and thus may take the player by surprise. Another one lies just a bit further.
Black Panthers can also be dispatched with ranged attacks. A well placed Axe will take care of them before they even attack. Alternatively, the player may approach the leopard to a certain distance, jump in place and throw a bottle of Holy Water; if it didn't hit the leopard directly, the bursting flame afterward will provide a brief moment of protection, tricking the leopard to run right into it.
Black Leopards behave pretty much the same as in Castlevania; however, since in Vampire Killer the player advances through stationary screens instead of a scrolling background, they may get caught unprepared by a leopard ready to attack on the next screen. Fortunately, this factor sometimes makes them a bit easier to be dealt with, as the leopard will frequently reach the edge of the screen and exit without even having to fight it.
The Black Panther's behavior remains the same as in previous games; however, its sprite is darker this time around and doesn't feature a colored outline, making it more difficult to discern from the background, potentially allowing it to take the player by surprise.
Skeletal panthers appear in both Rondo of Blood and Dracula X, this time called Were-Panther Skeletons. There are two variants, one that stands on its hind legs and has a wider repertoire of attacks, and another which is more beast-like and charges on all fours the same way as a regular black panther.
In Symphony of the Night, the Black Panther can dissolve into a puddle of black liquid that cannot be attacked but that also cannot attack. This puddle then moves to another location, reforms and charges again. However, it can easily be dispatched with a well timed hit when it reforms or with ranged attacks.
One form of the shapeshifting Shadow boss in Harmony of Dissonance is a black panther. Shadow usually starts the battle in this form, which is arguably the easiest. The panther only makes runs from one side of the room to the other, occasionally performing leaps in an attempt to catch the player in midair if they jump too soon.
Although the Black Panther doesn't make an appearance in Aria of Sorrow, its soul does. If Soma Cruz delivers the last blow to Graham Jones with the Flame Demon, Giant Bat and Succubus souls equipped, he will get to continue to the next room and find a soul-keeper containing the Black Panther guardian soul. This soul grants Soma the Sonic Dash ability, which enables him to run at high speeds and create a shockwave around him as he runs.
Unlike in Aria of Sorrow, the Black Panther does make an appearance in this installment, although very late in the game. Only two appear in the entire game, both in the second section of The Abyss. Its appearance is a throwback to its original incarnation in the first game, just lying there in wait for prey to come by. Likewise, the pitch black of its fur and absence of movement makes it hard to see, with its red eyes being the only easily discernible feature to locate it. When approached, it will launch in a fast dash forward; this time, however, if it hits a wall, it will bounce back in a somersault and continue the race in the opposite direction.
In Order of Ecclesia, the Black Panther is an anthropomorphic female panther. Shanoa can obtain the Arma Felix glyph from it, which allows her to transform into a black panther herself. In this state, she can communicate with several cats found along her journey, which will then share their secrets. Furthermore, all feline enemies will now be oblivious to her and not harm her in any way.
It reappears in Origins, in his original Castlevania form. He functions as he did in the original game, as a simple enemy. However, his soul doesn't allow Soma Cruz to multiply his speed or create a shockwave while moving. Instead, it allows to summon an 8-bit black panther.
The first Sto ventilated rainscreen cladding glass facade system was mounted in Graz and its ceremonial opening was celebrated on 7 May 2010. The special feature of the five-floor giant made of reinforced concrete: StoVerotec glass not only lends it the appearance of a black panther but also provides numerous other advantages. The glass facade provides an optimum visual screen and is quickly installed. In winter it works as a thermal insulant and helps to save heating costs. In summer it ensures comfortable temperatures inside the building. The glass facade of 6-mm-thick float safety glass is tinted, enamelled on one side and with angled edges; laminated with super-light StoVentec Carrier Boards made of recycled used glass granulate. Sto products in the interior Top quality from Sto is also used in the inside of the "Black Panther": the StoSilent Aluminium Panel acoustic system ensures the requisite silence, and thanks to the StoPox BB OS coating, the flooring also withstands the highest levels of stress.
It turns out many of us have even the most basic of panther facts wrong. We tend to assume that a panther is an entirely separate species of big cat. However, when we discuss panther facts, we usually actually mean either jaguar or leopard facts, depending on the geographic location. This is because a panther is defined as a melanistic color variant of other species in the Panthera genus, which includes tigers, lions, jaguars and leopards. This color variant usually means that the cat is black or dark brown, since melanism is the development of melanin, a dark-colored pigment in the skin. A panther is therefore usually either a black leopard in Asia and Africa, known as Panthera pardus, or a black jaguar in the Americas, known as Panthera onca.
Melanism can be a useful evolutionary process. Panther facts show that the darker individuals in a species are often better camouflaged, and therefore more likely to survive and reproduce. This is particularly true in certain natural conditions, for example in regions of dense forest with little light, where instances of melanism are more common. In the Panthera onca, the type of panther that comes from the jaguar species, melanism is therefore conferred through a dominant gene. This means that black jaguars can have either black or spotted cubs, but normal jaguars only produce regular spotted cubs.
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