African American Inventions
patrici...@hotmail.com
In article <770ci9$5...@news1.snet.net>,
"mitchell miller" <mmi...@torringtonsupply.com> wrote:
> My son who is in the 4th grade needs to prepare a report 50 inventions and
> their inventors who have done the most to change the world.
> Anyone who has any ideas on where to get this information and is willing to
> share it with us please let us know.
> My son and I thank you!
> mmi...@torringtonsupply.com
>
>
Here is an article from UPSCALE magazine on inventors.
Enjoy,
Patricia Turner
We know of the famous
African-American inventors of the past,
Lewis H. Latimer who provided the
filament that made Thomas Edison's light
bulb burn so brightly; George
Washington Carver, who developed
peanut butter and countless other
inventions from the peanut; and Garrett
Morgan, who invented the first
automated stoplight and gas mask. But,
what about the inventors of today? We
searched the country to find those special
African-Americans whose creativity and
ingenuity have, in one way or another,
shaped our lives.
Dr. Philip Emeagwali
http://emeagwali.com
Research Scientist
Saint Paul, Minnesota
Who developed the fastest computer on
earth? Dr. Philip Emeagwali, an
interdisciplinary computer
scientist/inventor, used 65,000 processors
to perform the world's fastest
computation of 3.1 billion calculations
per second. His design was inspired by
the complex geometries of nature. From
geometrical theories, Emeagwali proved
that bees use the most efficient method
to construct their honeycombs, so a
computer which emulated the
honeycomb will be efficient and
powerful. Emeagwali's computers are
currently being used to forecast the
weather and predict future global
warming.
Dr. Thomas C. Cannon Jr.
Head of User Devices
Research Department
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Murray Hill, N.J.
Dr. Thomas C. Cannon Jr. lead a group
of engineers that developed the Tactical
Optical Fiber Connector (TOFC). The
TOFC was designed to terminate optical
fiber cables used in military combat.
Optical fiber cables are preferable to
conventional copper cables because they
are immune to electrical interference,
lightweight, have a high signal carrying
capacity, and do not radiate any
electromagnetic energy which might be
detected by the enemy. TOFC was the
first fiber optic connector actually
deployed under battlefied conditions, and
saw action in the Gulf War where it was
used to transmit firing signals to the
Patriot missile.
Ernest J. Jamieson
Retired Chemist
Brooklyn, N.Y.
During his tenure at the cities Service Oil
Co. in the late '60s, Ernest J. Jamieson
patented four inventions on the
improvement of current gasoline
compositions. One invention improved
hydrocarbon fuel compositions for use in
internal combustion engines by adding a
detergent that prevents icing and
corrosion. Another invention improved a
hydrocarbon fuel composition by adding
a X hydrocarbylacid phosphate salt that
reduced icing in the carburetor and 1
improved water tolerance, thus reducing
rust and hydrocarbon content in the
exhaust.
Kenneth J. Dunkley
President, Holospace Laboratories Inc.
Camp Hill, Pa.
Kenneth J. Dunkley discovered the
existence of two points located on the
periphery of a person's vision that, if
obstructed, will cause an ordinary picture
to appear three-dimensional. This
discovery led to the invention of the
Three-Dimensional Viewing Glasses
(3-DVG). The invention achieves 3-D
effects without lenses, mirrors or optical
elements of any kind.
Ruane Jeter
Industrial Designer
Ruje Designs
Los Angeles
Ruane Jeter invented a toaster with a
digital clock. It is called a Tiltster and
desired brownness is selected on a
control panel. The Tiltster not only toasts
bread, but bagels, waffles and Pop Tarts
as well. Jeter is currently seeking
investors for her invention.
Maxwell R. Mitchell
President
On-Line/Off-Line Inc.
Capitol Heights, Md.
Applying his many years of experience in
photography, Maxwell R. Mitchell has
developed a method to reduce documents
without losing resolution. The MICRO
ID SYSTEM, unlike a microfiche, can be
read easily using a special magnifying
glass --- no large, cumbersome machine
to operate. This special magnifying glass
is small enough to hold in your hand. To
envision the capability of this device,
imagine a 60-page document reduced to a
4 x 6-inch card. The system is relatively
inexpensive, costing under $100.
Kedrich Jackson
Hardware Design Engineer
Hewlett Packard
Camas, Wash.
Kedrich Jackson played an integral role in
the development of Hewlett Packard's
latest printers, HP's DeskJet 850C and
855C. The printers were almost delayed
for distribution because of the printer's
high noise level. But, Jackson developed
a spur gear which dampened the
vibration and thus reduced the noise. He
also invented a method to improve the
print quality of the printers.
Dr. Patricia E. Bath
Professor Emeritus of Ophthalmology
Los Angeles
Dr. Patricia E. Bath is a world-renowned
scientist who has dedicated most of her
life to the prevention and treatment of
blindness in African-Americans. She
revolutionized, cataract surgery by
inventing a laser called the Laserphaco
Probe. She currently has four patents on
this probe, covering the United states,
Canada, Japan and Europe.
Dr. Thomas Mensah
Chairman
Supercond Technology Inc.
Norcross, Ga.
During the Gulf War, Smart Weapons,
including the Patriot missile and laser
guided bombs, made a significant
difference in the outcome of the
confrontation between the United States
and Iraq. Dr. Thomas Mensah, inventor,
scientist and entrepreneur, is leading the
design of such advanced laser guided
weapons. He holds seven patents in fiber
optics, three on fiber optic guided missile
technology and four on manufacturing
fiber optics inexpensively. This will
impact how we use a fax, electronic
banking and other electronic
communication.
James McLurkin
Research Scientist
Cambridge, Mass.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(MIT)
James McLurkin is currently designing
microbots that work together in
accomplishing a particular task. Each
robot has a small computer, three motors
and 17 sensors. Inspiration for this
research comes from ant colonies. An
ant, which is virtually powerless as a
single entity, can perform the most
impossible tasks when a group of ants
work together. Applications include
foraging cluster bombs, remote
surveillance, pipe inspection and even
picking up crumbs off the floor.
Dr. Joycelyn Simpson
Research Scientist
NASA Langley Research Center
Hampton, Ma.
Dr. Joycelyn Simpson co-developed a
novel class of high performance
piezoelectric polymers which have
superior properties over conventional
materials. A piezoelectric material
generates electricity when pressure is
applied. The inventors envision that this
new polymer technology may
dramatically improve power generation
by providing a new, low cost,
environmentally safe source of electricity.
An array of their new durable
piezoelectric polymers, covering fives
square miles subjected to pressure
fluctuations generated by wind or ocean
waves, could conceivably supply
electricity for 7.5 million people at a cost
of only two to four cents per kilo-watt
hour.
Lonnie G. Johnson
President
Johnson Research & Development Co.
Smyrna, Ga.
As a child, Lonnie G. Johnson tinkered
with toys. Now, as president of his own
company, he has over 20 patents, which
include environmentally friendly heat
pumps and toy water guns. His most
popular invention, the Super Soaker, has
been hailed as the world's most
successful toy water gun generating over
$100 million in retail sales.
For more information on the inventors
profiled in this article, contact Lady
Saga Shabazz, Curator, Black Inventions
Museum Inc., R O. Box 76122, Los
Angeles, Calif. 90076, (310) 859-4602.
Reported in the February 1996 issue of
Upscale magazine.
---- Posted via Deja News ----
-- Visit the The Inventors Cafe community
-- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
engines:
black inventors
african american scientists
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american+scientists+
black british scientists and inventors
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black+inventors%2c+and+their+inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
In article <785f80$t11$1...@nnrp1.dejanews.com>,
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
engines:
black inventors
black history month
african american scientists
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american+scientists+
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black+inventors%2c+and+their+inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american+scientists+
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black+inventors%2c+and+their+inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american+scientists+
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black+inventors%2c+and+their+inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
> -- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american+scientists+
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black+inventors%2c+and+their+inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
> -- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american+scientists+
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black+inventors%2c+and+their+inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
Here is another article that will be of interest to you.
Title: FAMOUS SCIENTIST HAILS FROM IGBO LAND
In this day and age when Japanese, Chinese or anyone remotely resembling
Asian descent is automatically presumed to hold superior mathematical and
technological aptitude, Dr. Emeagwali poses a refreshing reminder (1) to the
world that intellectual gifts come in all races, creeds and colors; and (2)
to Igbos that when we strive for excellence, there is no limit to what we
can achieve ... so strive for excellence!
(PHOTO CAPTION: Dr. Philip Emeagwali, World Renowned
Computer Scientist.)
So who is Philip Emeagwali, and what has he done that has made him so
famous? Emeagwali first entered the international limelight in 1989 when he
received the prestigious Gordon Bell Prize for performing the world's
fastest calculation at 3.1 billion calculations per second. This calculation
was remarkable not only because it was twice as fast as the previous world
record, but also because of the method used to achieve this phenomenal
task. Rather than use a multimillion dollar supercomputer, Emeagwali used
the Internet to access 65,536 small computers simultaneously (called
massively parallel computers).
Unity is indeed strength as demonstrated by Emeagwali's approach. This
technology is revolutionizing the oil industry as it is used to help
simulate how to recover oil from oilfields, thus helping oil producing
nations to efficiently extract more oil and increase their oil revenues. It
is also applicable to the field of meteorology as it can be used to help
predict weather patterns for the next 100 years forecast.
Since this invention, Emeagwali has made numerous other achievements and
received dozens of honors and awards across the globe in the field of
mathematics, science and computers.
Isn't it just like an Igbo, to use existing resources and push them to
their fullest potential to achieve unsurpassed results that would
revolutionize several major industries at once. Remember Emmanuel Egbujo,
inventor of the solar powered car or Damien Anyanwu who invented Radio
Mbaise from Igbo traditional methods? Remember during the Nigeria Biafra
War when Emeagwali was a mere refugee, his kinsfolk developed the
"Ogbunigwe" bomb (popularly called the Ojukwu bucket) which dazzled the
world of super powers. They also developed a self-sufficient petroleum
refining method which Nigeria is yet to discover.
Ndi Igbo lay claim to Emeagwali's achievements not to subtract from their
magnanimity, but to remind our Igbo brothers and sisters that we have a
tradition of competitiveness and excellence. However, like many of Nigeria's
untapped resources this type of genius lies grossly underdeveloped in
millions of Nigerian children and even in ourselves.
Some of Emeagwali's inventions are so complex, that only the most
sophisticated computer scientist and mathematicians can understand them.
However, the creation of Emeagwali himself is a simple story. Emeagwali was
born to Onitsha parents, his father being a nurse and mother a housewife. As
a child, his father focused on the development of his son's mathematical
skills and required him on a daily basis to solve 100 math problems in one
hour. This method helped to develop Emeagwali into a mathematical wizard as
his abilities soon surpassed his father's. Although showing great promise,
Emeagwali's education threatened to derail when he was forced to drop out of
school at the age 14 because his father was unable to pay his school fees.
However, Emeagwali continued to study and eventually received a scholarship
to Oregon State University in the USA where he earned a B.S. Subsequently,
he earned a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan, two Masters Degrees from
George Washington University and a third Masters Degree from the University
of Maryland. Isn't it just like an Igbo to overcome such odds only to excel
and excel and excel?
And to top it all off, Emeagwali is married to an accomplished scientist
in her own right. Dr. Dale Brown Emeagwali, renowned microbiologist was
named 1996 Scientist of the Year by the National Technical Association. The
Emeagwali's have one child.
Dr. Philip Emeagwali is truly an international treasure, and IGBO BASICS
looks forward to his appearance at the World Igbo Congress Conference in New
York. In the meantime, we can all learn more about Dr. Emeagwali on the
Internet at http://emeagwali.com.
SIDEBAR: Dr. Philip Emeagwali's Recent Awards and
Honors
1997
Nigeria Prize
the Federal Republic of Nigeria
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
1996
America's Best and Brightest
1993
Computer Scientist of the Year
1991
Distinguished Scientist Award
National Society of Black Engineers
1991
Scientist of the Year
National Society of Black Engineers
1989
Gordon Bell Prize
IEEE Computer Society
SIDEBAR: Dr. Philip Emeagwali's Outstanding
Achievements
1990
World record for solving the largest weather
forecasting equations
with 128 million grid points.
1990
World record for an unprecedented parallel computer
speed up of
65536
1989 World's fastest computation of 3.1 billion calculations per second
1989
World record for solving the largest partial
differential equations with 8
million grid points
1989
First successful implementation of a petroleum
reservoir model on a
massively parallel computer
1991
Distinguished Scientist Award
National Society of Black Engineers
1991
Scientist of the Year
National Society of Black Engineers
1989
Gordon Bell Prize
IEEE Computer Society
Original article published in the July 1997 issue of IGBO BASICS.
In article <785f80$t11$1...@nnrp1.dejanews.com>,
patrici...@hotmail.com wrote:
>
>
> -- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american+scientists+
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black+inventors%2c+and+their+inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
> -- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american+scientists+
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black+inventors%2c+and+their+inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
> -- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american+scientists+
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black+inventors%2c+and+their+inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
> -- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american+scientists+
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black+inventors%2c+and+their+inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
> -- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
engines to learn more about:
black inventors
black history month
african american scientists
american scientists
black+history
black+inventions
african-american scientists
black british scientists and inventors
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black+inventors
black inventors and inventions
black inventors and their inventions
african+american+scientist
black+american+inventions
black+scientist+and+inventors
african-american+scientists
black+inventions
famous+black+american+scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
> -- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
engines to learn more about:
black inventors
black history month
african american scientists
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black british scientists and inventors
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
black inventors and their inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
> -- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first+african+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
Visit http://emeagwali.com for more information.
Here is a second article:
TITLE: This Man Is Hot
(CAPTION: Supercomputers that put men on the moon are unheard of in Africa.
But not to this Nigerian lad who dropped out of school at age 14. Now a ripe
41-year-old, Philip Emeagwali is turning the American supercomputer and oil
industries upside down, and the Americans can't believe it! Baffour Ankomah
talked to him in his home in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.)
Philip Emeagwali is not a normal Nigerian. Even
after amassing degrees in five different fields, his
name still comes bald with no attachments - not
even a mere Dr.
Coming from a country where even engineers
(Engineer Ololo) and other lesser mortals (Dr Mrs
Chief Alhajia Olusoga; Ambassador Baba Kuti)
prefix their names with a chaotic mix of titles,
Emeagwali's eschewal of the national fixation shows
why, in the words of the American magazine
Michigan Today, he is "one of the world's fastest
humans."
In 1989 he became the first man on earth to perform the world's fastest
computer computation - a staggering 3.1 billion calculations per second.
That surpassed even the theoretical peak speed of the more expensive
supercomputers costing between $10m and $30m a piece then in use in the US.
(PHOTO CAPTION: Philip Emeagwali sits in front of the Connection Machine
with which he made his record-breaking 3.1 billion per second calculation
that changed the global oil industry)
Emeagwali's achievement also helped solve one of
America's 20 Grand Challenges --- understanding
how oil flows underground so companies could
extract the most of the "black gold."
Emeagwali's breakthrough won him the prestigious
Gordon Bell Prize in the US. Though worth only
$1,000 in cash and awarded by the American
Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
the Gordon Bell is considered to be the Nobel Prize
of computing.
PURE GENIUS
Emeagwali captured it while making mince-meat of
the previous winners' efforts. His 3.1 billion
calculations per second was twice the speed
achieved by the 1988 winner and 24 times faster
than the 1987 winner. And what's more - he was
the first solo winner of the award. Usually, teams
from corporations and national laboratories capture
the $1,000 cheque. But Emeagwali, a "novice" by
American computing standards at the time he
started his project, spent only eight months on a
relatively new type of computer - the Connection
Machine - before clinching the award.
The Nigerian embassy in Washington milked the
applause:
"By this great accomplishment," Dr
Hamzat Ahmadu the then Nigerian
ambassador in Washington wrote to
Philip, "you have shown the world that,
contrary to many negative press
[reports] that tend to portray the
generality of Nigerians in bad light
particularly in the USA, Nigerians are
capable of achieving greatness and do
indeed excel in many fields. I hope that
other Nigerians both within and outside
your community will emulate you and
set similar high standards of
Original article published in the July 1997 issue of IGBO BASICS.
In article <785f80$t11$1...@nnrp1.dejanews.com>,
patrici...@hotmail.com wrote:
>
>
> -- http://www.dejanews.com/~scientists
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
engines to learn more about:
black inventors
black history month
african american scientists
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black british scientists and inventors
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
black inventors and their inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
firstafrican+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous+black+inventors
inventions+by+black+americans
famous+african+american+scientist
african-american+electricity+inventors
black+inventor+p.johnson&b=21&hc=0&hs=0
black+history+inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
firstafrican+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
Here is another article posted at http://emeagwali.com that will be of
interest to you.
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
firstafrican+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
> Upscale magazine.
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
firstafrican+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
> Upscale magazine.
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
firstafrican+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
> Upscale magazine.
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
firstafrican+american+inventions
notable+black+scientist
inventions+by+african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
> Upscale magazine.
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
engines to learn more about:
black inventors
black history month
african american scientists
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black british scientists and inventors
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
black inventors and their inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
> Upscale magazine.
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
> Upscale magazine.
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
> Upscale magazine.
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
> Upscale magazine.
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
> Upscale magazine.
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
> Upscale magazine.
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
---- Posted via Deja News ----
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
> Reported in the February 1996 issue of
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
PURE GENIUS
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
PURE GENIUS
excellence."
This is what Nigerians at home call "reaping where
you've not sown." For, Emeagwali achieved his
greatness without any help from the Nigerian
government.
At age 14, Philip dropped out of school in Onitsha
where he grew up because his father, James, (a
nurse) could not pay his school fees.
Philip, an Ibo born at Akure in Yorubaland, was the
first of his father's nine children. The Nigerian
government, despite all the oil money, did not help
the poor boy to continue his education.
But before he dropped out of school, Philip had
shown a clear head for mathematics. His father
James was so encouraged that he continued to
teach him mathematics in the evenings. Philip was
such a mathematical genuis that his mates soon
nicknamed him "Calculus." Even his father, the
evening teacher, could not keep up with him. "He
gave up because he said I knew more than he did,"
Philip told New African.
Having dropped out of school, Philip made the
public library his second home where, through
library books, he taught himself college-level
mathematics, physics, chemistry and English. He
studied hard and passed his GCE from the
University of London with ease.
THE AMERICAN DREAM
Luck smiled on him when he was 17. He won a
scholarship to the Oregon State University in the
US where he majored in mathematics. He had
arrived in Oregon wide-eyed in 1974, not knowing
what the future held for him. But he has since
earned four other degrees - a PhD in Scientific
Computing from the University of Michigan; two
Masters Degrees from the George Washington
University, one in Ocean and Marine Engineering
and the other in Civil and Environmental
Engineering. He has another Masters Degree in
Applied Mathematics from the University of
Maryland.
His working life has seen him in Maryland and
Wyoming as a civil engineer, and as a computer
scientist at the US National Weather Service for
which he wrote a thesis on mathematical
calculations used in forecasting floods. He also
worked at the US Army High Performance
Computing Research Centre in Minneapolis from
1991 to 1993.
He has since won several awards including the
Scientist of the Year Award 1991 given by the
National Society of Black Engineers in the US ("in
recognition of his outstanding contribution to the
scientific field which benefitted all mankind"); the
Computer Scientist of the Year Award 1993 given
by the National Technical Association; and the
Pioneer of the Year Award 1996, again given by
the National Society of Black Engineers.
GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT
But Emeagwali's greatest achievement to date is his
1989 breakthrough in making scientists better
understand how oil flows underground.
The project was for his doctoral dissertation.
Instead of using one supercomputer which cost
$30m a pop and uses eight high-powered
processors, the Nigerian resorted to the Internet to
access 65,536 smaller computers each working in
parallel on a small part of the problem.
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
Title: FAMOUS SCIENTIST HAILS FROM IGBO LAND
1996
Nigerian Achievement Award
Visit http://emeagwali.com for additional information
patrici...@my-dejanews.com
american scientists
black history
black inventions
african-american scientists
black history inventions
black inventions
african-american scientists
inventors
black inventors
black inventors and inventions
african american scientist
black american inventions
black scientist and inventors
african-american scientists
black inventions
famous black american scientists
first african american inventions
notable black scientist
inventions by african-americans
famous black inventors
inventions by black americans
famous african american scientist
african-american electricity inventors
black inventor
black history inventors
TITLE: This Man Is Hot
PURE GENIUS
THE AMERICAN DREAM
Applied Mathematics from the University of
Maryland.
His working life has seen him in Maryland and
GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT
"The result was phenomenal: a computer that
performed computations more than three times
faster than a supercomputer," wrote Marsha Lakes
Matyas for the American Association for the
Advancement of Science.
Emeagwali was estactic: "I like to work on
problems that are important to society because you
get satisfaction," he told New African. "Research is
hard work, so you might as well work on important
research".
He tells how he did it.
"The Connection Machine had only been developed
in 1986, three years before my breakthrough, and it
had a poor reputation. People were sceptical about
the Machine and denigraded it because, typically,
researchers needed a year to learn how to use it and
its software was scarce.
"I was one of the first persons crazy enough to try
it. I'm more confident in pursuing ideas that are not
very well accepted. It has something to do with my
personality. If everyone goes east, I go west, so I
will be the first to find the solution." But not many
believed in what he was doing.
"To be really honest, I thought he was getting
caught between the cracks," confessed Trevor
Mudge, Director of the Advanced Computer
Architecture Laboratory at the University of
Michigan where Emeagwali studied.
But the Nigerian knew what he was doing. He
linked up 65,536 processors - each comparable to a
desk top computer - via the Internet to the
Connection Machine. He figured that more points
would provide better results.
He says: "Just picture the conventional
supercomputer, costing $30m each, as eight oxen
pulling a cart and the Connection Machine as about
65,000 chickens pulling the same cart.
"The old thinking is that the oxen will do a better
job, but if the chickens coordinate their efforts,
they'll do a better job than the oxen. That's what
my 65,536 small computers achieved: 3.1 billion
calculations per second. The supercomputer was
nowhere in sight with all its $30m purchase price."
20 GRAND CHALLENGES
In the US, the government has a list of the 20
most difficult problems in science and engineering
called the 20 Grand Challenges. One of them is
petroleum reservior simulation. Emeagwali wanted
to crack this.
He explains: "Oil is usually found underground,
trapped in rocks. Until my experiment, en-gineers
were able to recover only about 10% of the oil in
any reservior by using supercomputers to simulate
oil fields and track the oil flow.
I chose this problem because in this field, in order
to have the most impact, you have to work on the
most serious problems." Coming from Nigeria, he
knew that an oil field was not just a huge
underground cave.
"Oil is found in pores within rocks," he continues,
"and oil companies must pump gas or water into
fields to force the oil to nearby wells.
"But if the oil is sucked out too quickly at one well, then oil elsewhere
may not flow naturally to the same well and is virtually trapped. The
company must then drill another well at considerable expense to extract the
trapped oil.
"The money involved is staggering. That's why I set
myself to understand the flow within oil fields and
how many barrels can be removed at any one well".
To help him overcome the problem, Emeagwali looked elsewhere. He knew that
in the early 1930s, the German mathematician Paul Fillunger had formulated
a theory on partial differential equations.
But Fillunger was not "successful." A sceptical panel of experts publicly
announced in March 1937 that the German had failed to solve the equations.
Fillunger felt so humiliated that he and his wife committed suicide. After
their deaths, the Russian mathematician B. K Risenkampf seized on
Fillunger's idea, but he too was only able to partially solve the equations.
But Philip Emeagwali showed in 1989 that Fillunger's original equations were
correct.
He modified Fillunger's equations on his computer
and then divided the simulated oil field into eight
million points, assigning 128 points to each of the
65,536 processors linked to the Connection
Machine.
(PHOTOGRAPH CAPTION: Emeagwali in front of the partial differential
equations that won him the Gordon Bell in 1989)
He had written his programme to instruct each point
in the 65,536-chain to talk with six neighbours
simultaneously. The results were phenomenal!
THE BREAKTHROUGH
if he were Archimedes, the great Greek
mathematician, he would have run out of his bath
shouting "eureka, eureka" (I've found it, I've found
it).
But Emeagwali was Nigerian. When the Connection