The 3.x is 3rd generation and is a complete rewrite of dcm4che-2.x.
One main focus was to minimize the memory footprint of the DICOM data sets.
the BasicDicomObject is history -- alongside quite a few others.
The new "Dicom object" is Attributes -- an object is a collection of attributes.
Therefore, you create Attributes, populate them with the tags you need for RQ-behaviour (C-FIND, etc) and what you get in return is another Attributes object from which you pull the tags you want.
In my opinion, dcm4che 2.x was vague on the subject of dealing with individual value representations. dcm4che 3.x is quite a bit clearer.
The migration demands a rewrite of your code regarding how you query and how you treat individual tags. On the other hand, dcm4che 3.x makes the new code less convoluted.