Glass bread, known as pan de cristal in Spanish and pa de vidre in Catalan, was developed in Barcelona, Spain around 2010 by the baker Jordi Nomen of Concept Pa Bakery. This bread is a variation on the narrow, crusty bread that this region has long favored for its traditional tomato bread (more on that below). The distinction of glass bread is that the dough is quite wet and there is virtually no bready interior. The crumb should be mostly transparent (glass) webs of gluten.
How glassy your final bread is may also depend on your oven rack position and heat. For this recipe, I preheated my oven and stone for 45 minutes instead of 30 minutes. I used an infrared thermometer to check the temperature of various parts of the stone, and this longer preheat seemed necessary to get the stone to 500F or more everywhere. Both a cooler preheat and having my baking stone on the middle shelf instead of one shelf lower, seemed to make for a denser bread base. Because of some almost-gummy bread bottoms, I also set up a different steam system than usual, putting a cast iron pan above the baking stone so as to not deflect heat to the stone at any point during the baking process.
Working with this very wet dough requires a minimalist approach during dividing and shaping. Here is a video showing how to shape long glass breads, and if you prefer to shape rolls, see the video link after the recipe. Note that when you lift and transfer the dough to the parchment paper, you may have to squeeze it and then stretch it out again like an accordion, ideally using two bench knives or a bench knife and a dough scraper.
When I lived in Barcelona in the early 90s, I often ate Catalonian tomato bread, known as pan cataln or pan con tomate in Spanish and pa amb tomquet in Catalan. Catalan is the language of this region of Spain. I was quite enamored with this traditional bread preparation and enjoy making it still. Pan con tomate seems to be in the family of Italian bruschetta, but with just the essence of fresh tomato and garlic, no chunks of anything.
Glass bread or "pan de cristal" from Spain is a fun high hydration challenge for bakers and it rewards your courage with crusty, scrumptious loaves for perfect Catalonian tomato bread aka "pan con tomate," as well as bruschetta, garlic bread, and any sandwich you want to be crispy and never soggy or leaky.
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