The Connection general header controls whether the network connection stays open after the current transaction finishes. If the value sent is keep-alive, the connection is persistent and not closed, allowing for subsequent requests to the same server to be done.
Warning: Connection-specific header fields such as Connection and Keep-Alive are prohibited in HTTP/2 and HTTP/3. Chrome and Firefox ignore them in HTTP/2 responses, but Safari conforms to the HTTP/2 spec requirements and does not load any response that contains them.
All hop-by-hop headers used by the message - including standard hop-by-hop headers (Keep-Alive, Transfer-Encoding, TE, Connection, Trailer, Upgrade, Proxy-Authorization and Proxy-Authenticate) - must be listed in the Connection header, so that the first proxy knows it has to consume them and not forward them further.
The default value of Connection changed between HTTP/1.0 and HTTP/1.1. Therefore, to ensure backwards compatibility, browsers often send Connection: keep-alive explicitly despite that being the default in HTTP/1.1.
Indicates that the client would like to keep the connection open. Keeping a connection open is the default on HTTP/1.1 requests. The list of headers are the name of the header to be removed by the first non-transparent proxy or cache in-between: these headers define the connection between the emitter and the first entity, not the destination node.
\n The Connection general header controls whether the\n network connection stays open after the current transaction finishes. If the value sent\n is keep-alive, the connection is persistent and not closed, allowing for\n subsequent requests to the same server to be done.\n
\n Warning: Connection-specific header fields such as\n Connection and Keep-Alive are prohibited\n in HTTP/2 and\n HTTP/3. Chrome and\n Firefox ignore them in HTTP/2 responses, but Safari conforms to the HTTP/2\n spec requirements and does not load any response that contains them.\n
\n All hop-by-hop headers used by the message - including standard hop-by-hop headers (Keep-Alive,\n Transfer-Encoding, TE, Connection,\n Trailer, Upgrade,\n Proxy-Authorization and Proxy-Authenticate) - must be listed in the Connection\n header, so that the first proxy knows it has to consume them and not forward them\n further.\n
\n Indicates that the client would like to keep the connection open. Keeping a connection open\n is the default on HTTP/1.1 requests. The list of headers are the\n name of the header to be removed by the first non-transparent proxy or cache\n in-between: these headers define the connection between the emitter and the first\n entity, not the destination node.\n
A connection (session) with a specific database. SQL statements are executed and results are returned within the context of a connection. A Connection object's database is able to provide information describing its tables, its supported SQL grammar, its stored procedures, the capabilities of this connection, and so on. This information is obtained with the getMetaData method. Note: When configuring a Connection, JDBC applications should use the appropriate Connection method such as setAutoCommit or setTransactionIsolation. Applications should not invoke SQL commands directly to change the connection's configuration when there is a JDBC method available. By default a Connection object is in auto-commit mode, which means that it automatically commits changes after executing each statement. If auto-commit mode has been disabled, the method commit must be called explicitly in order to commit changes; otherwise, database changes will not be saved. A new Connection object created using the JDBC 2.1 core API has an initially empty type map associated with it. A user may enter a custom mapping for a UDT in this type map. When a UDT is retrieved from a data source with the method ResultSet.getObject, the getObject method will check the connection's type map to see if there is an entry for that UDT. If so, the getObject method will map the UDT to the class indicated. If there is no entry, the UDT will be mapped using the standard mapping. A user may create a new type map, which is a java.util.Map object, make an entry in it, and pass it to the java.sql methods that can perform custom mapping. In this case, the method will use the given type map instead of the one associated with the connection. For example, the following code fragment specifies that the SQL type ATHLETES will be mapped to the class Athletes in the Java programming language. The code fragment retrieves the type map for the Connection object con, inserts the entry into it, and then sets the type map with the new entry as the connection's type map. java.util.Map map = con.getTypeMap(); map.put("mySchemaName.ATHLETES", Class.forName("Athletes")); con.setTypeMap(map); See Also:DriverManager.getConnection(java.lang.String, java.util.Properties), Statement, ResultSet, DatabaseMetaDataField SummaryFields Modifier and TypeField and Descriptionstatic intTRANSACTION_NONEA constant indicating that transactions are not supported.static intTRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTEDA constant indicating that dirty reads are prevented; non-repeatable reads and phantom reads can occur.static intTRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTEDA constant indicating that dirty reads, non-repeatable reads and phantom reads can occur.static intTRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READA constant indicating that dirty reads and non-repeatable reads are prevented; phantom reads can occur.static intTRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLEA constant indicating that dirty reads, non-repeatable reads and phantom reads are prevented.Method SummaryAll Methods Instance Methods Abstract Methods Modifier and TypeMethod and Descriptionvoidabort(Executor executor)Terminates an open connection.voidclearWarnings()Clears all warnings reported for this Connection object.voidclose()Releases this Connection object's database and JDBC resources immediately instead of waiting for them to be automatically released.voidcommit()Makes all changes made since the previous commit/rollback permanent and releases any database locks currently held by this Connection object.ArraycreateArrayOf(String typeName, Object[] elements)Factory method for creating Array objects.BlobcreateBlob()Constructs an object that implements the Blob interface.ClobcreateClob()Constructs an object that implements the Clob interface.NClobcreateNClob()Constructs an object that implements the NClob interface.SQLXMLcreateSQLXML()Constructs an object that implements the SQLXML interface.StatementcreateStatement()Creates a Statement object for sending SQL statements to the database.StatementcreateStatement(int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency)Creates a Statement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency.StatementcreateStatement(int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability)Creates a Statement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type, concurrency, and holdability.StructcreateStruct(String typeName, Object[] attributes)Factory method for creating Struct objects.booleangetAutoCommit()Retrieves the current auto-commit mode for this Connection object.StringgetCatalog()Retrieves this Connection object's current catalog name.PropertiesgetClientInfo()Returns a list containing the name and current value of each client info property supported by the driver.StringgetClientInfo(String name)Returns the value of the client info property specified by name.intgetHoldability()Retrieves the current holdability of ResultSet objects created using this Connection object.DatabaseMetaDatagetMetaData()Retrieves a DatabaseMetaData object that contains metadata about the database to which this Connection object represents a connection.intgetNetworkTimeout()Retrieves the number of milliseconds the driver will wait for a database request to complete.StringgetSchema()Retrieves this Connection object's current schema name.intgetTransactionIsolation()Retrieves this Connection object's current transaction isolation level.Map
Uncovers the roots and consequences of and offers solutions to the widespread alienation and disconnection that beset modern society
Since the beginning of the 21st century, people have become increasingly disconnected from themselves, each other, and the world around them. A crisis of connection" stemming from growing alienation, social isolation, and fragmentation characterizes modern society. The signs of this crisis of connection are everywhere, from decreasing levels of empathy and trust, to burgeoning cases of suicide, depression and loneliness. The astronomical rise in inequality around the world has contributed to the critical nature of this moment.
To delve into the heart of the crisis, leading researchers and practitioners draw from the science of human connection to tell a five-part story about its roots, consequences, and solutions. In doing so, they reveal how we, in modern society, have been captive to a false story about who we are as human. This false narrative that takes individualism as a universal truth, has contributed to many of the problems that we currently face. The new story now emerging from across the human sciences underscores our social and emotional capacities and needs. The science also reveals the ways in which the privileging of the self over relationships and of individual success over the common good as well as the perpetuation of dehumanizing stereotypes have led to a crisis of connection that is now widespread. Finally, the practitioners in the volume present concrete solutions that show ways we can create a more just and humane world.
In a time of social distancing and enforced isolation, it is more important than ever to find ways to bridge the gaps among individuals and communities. The Crisis of Connection illuminates concrete pathways to enhancing our awareness of our common humanity, and offers important steps to coming together in unity, even across distances.