Google Map Satellite Live Online Pakistan

[Roxanna Bornemann]

Livesatellite imagery is updated every 10 minutes from NOAA GOES, JMA Himawari, and KAI Geo-KOMPSAT geostationary satellites. EUMETSAT Meteosat imagery is updated every 15 minutes. Blue clouds at night represent fog and low-lying clouds. City lights at night are not live.

The Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) distributes Near Real-Time (NRT) active fire data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard the Aqua and Terra satellites, and the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) aboard S-NPP, NOAA 20 and NOAA 21 (formally known as JPSS-1 and JPSS-2). Globally these data are available within 3 hours of satellite observation, but for the US and Canada active fire detections are available in real-time.

NASA FIRMS uses satellite observations from the MODIS and VIIRS instruments to detect active fires and thermal anomalies and deliver this information in near real-time to decision makers through email alerts, analysis ready data, online maps and web services.

When the Sun goes down, the lights come on. Seen from space, the nightlights of our world are mesmerizing. But more than just pretty pictures, there's a lot to be learned from all those glittering lights.

NASA satellite imagery of Earth at night has driven 25 years of social, environmental and economic research. The Black Marble image aids everything from studying light pollution in fragile ecosystems to the supply of immediate information after natural disasters.

The Indus River in Pakistan emerges in nighttime satellite imagery. The brighter, more reflective land beyond the dark band of farmed land is desert.

The border between Pakistan and India is delineated on the right by thousands of kilometers of floodlights.

Many of the largest cities and towns in Pakistan are clustered along the Indus River.

Karachi lies along the southernmost stretch of the river, near where it empties into the Arabian Sea at the Indus River Delta.

After Hurricane Maria tore across Puerto Rico in September 2017, it rapidly became clear that the destruction would pose daunting challenges for first responders. Quickly knowing where the power is out - and how long it has been out - allows better deployment of rescue and repair crews.

Teams of scientists at NASA worked long days to ensure that groups like the National Guard and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) got high-quality satellite maps of power outages in Puerto Rico.

The increase in light along Interstate 90 between Chicago and Rockford, Illinois is associated with a multi-year project to widen the road.

The cluster of bright light at the edge of Lake Michigan is Chicago. I90 is the purple (new) line of light to the left of the city.

This image shows part of the Atlantic coast of South America.

Buenos Aires is the cluster of brightest lights on the lower left.

Rio de Janeiro is at the top right, and Sao Paulo in between.

This map shows the change in lighting intensity and location in Texas and Louisiana from December 2012 and 2013 to the average light output for the rest of 2012 to 2014.

Green shading marks areas where light usage increased in December; yellow marks areas with little change, and red marks areas where less light was used.

Nighttime lights around many major U.S. cities shine 20 to 50 percent brighter during Christmas and New Year when compared to light output during the rest of the year.

Although some of the poorest and most devout areas around Cairo observed Ramadan without significant increases in light use, during the Eid al-Fitr celebration that marks the end of Ramadan, light use soared as the neighborhoods appeared to join in the festivities.

Nightlights can show us where people live and how that can be influenced by the landscape.

In this 2016 composite image of Iceland, the capital, Reykjavk, is the large, bright area that clearly stands out in the southwest. The city is home to almost half of the country's population.

The interior of Iceland is rugged, high in elevation, sparsely vegetated, and cold!

Sprinkled with volcanoes, ice caps and hot springs, it's a remarkable place to visit, but nightlights show us not many people want to live there.

The lights were a function of composite imaging. Fires and other lights that were detected on one day were integrated into the composite, multi-day picture despite being temporary. Because different lands burned at different times, the cumulative result is the appearance of a massive blaze.

Light from the aurora was bright enough to illuminate the ice edge between the ice shelf and the Southern Ocean. At the time, Antarctica was locked in midwinter darkness and the Moon was a waning crescent that provided little light.

VIIRS images from the NASA-NOAA Suomi-NPP satellite provided by Miguel Romn, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.

Images and text from NASA Earth Observatory by Jesse Allen, Mike Carlowicz, Kate Ramsayer, Robert Simmon, Joshua Stevens, Kevin Ward.

Curation by Debra Gersh Hernandez, NASA Headquarters.

Observations from geostationary orbit can save lives on Earth, as changes in weather and climate significantly impact not only our economy and infrastructure but also our lives. According to the World Meteorological Organization, there were more than 11 000 disasters attributed to weather, climate and water-related hazards, which accounted for just over two million deaths and 3 trillion euros in losses between 1970 and 2019. Severe weather phenomena such as storms or even heavy fog can pose a significant threat to safety or business efficiency that require timely warnings to minimise their impact.

The Meteosat satellites are also able to deliver information on winds by observing the displacement of clouds and water vapour patterns; an essential input for numerical weather prediction models. These complement other observations made by polar-orbiting satellites such as Metop, which remain the primary source for global numerical weather prediction models.

The data are then used to create and maintain long-term climate data records together with the network of EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facilities. These long-terms records are, in turn, used in global reanalysis efforts (such as those undertaken by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) as part of the Copernicus Climate Change Service) and further downstream in a variety of climate services.

EUMETSAT currently operates three satellites from the Meteosat Second Generation, Meteosat-9, -10 and -11 in geostationary orbit (36,000km) over Europe, Africa and part of the Indian Ocean. It also operates the first satellite of the Meteosat Third Generation series, MTG-I1, which was launched in December 2022.

Tracking access to sustainable and reliable energy remains a pressing challenge in much of the world. New and open data and tools are changing how we meet these and other needs to measure economic activity in near real-time. Satellite nighttime light data provides an unprecedented perspective upon every corner of the planet to identify energy access and quality gaps, as well as trends in economic activity. The World Bank and its partners have been at the forefront of this charge. Supported by an early World Bank Innovations Fund grant, Kwawu Gaba and Brian Min compared ground-based data from hundreds of West African villages, including in Gaouane, against nighttime satellite imagery. This was the first study to directly detect rural electrification at the village level using satellite imagery.

In the last several months, the World Bank has been using nighttime light studies to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic to better understand the impacts of the pandemic on energy consumption, transportation, social interactions, the functionality of critical infrastructure, or the impact of a differential relaxation of containment policies on aggregate economic activity (for example, in India). One study is focused on 50 cities spanning 18 countries across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) to evaluate changes in nighttime lights as a proxy for changes in economic activity the role of lockdowns and other NPIs in these changes (see a recent blog by Roberts et al., here).

Many of these studies that used DMSP data for trends over time required a special data pull from NOAA servers in Colorado. Since the 1990s, NOAA has archived all nighttime satellite imagery of the world, across changing servers and storage technologies over time. For a period, the only copies of the oldest data sat on magnetic tapes in a protected storage bay. NOAA regularly produced annual composites of the DMSP data and monthly composites of the VIIRS archive, but getting data from a specific night or set of nights has always been laborious. That changes today.

The Light Every Night data set published on the Amazon Web Services Registry of Open Data on AWS is designed from the ground up to be Analysis Ready Data in the cloud. The data is published under the Amazon Web Services Open Data Program using the Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF format (COG) and organized using the Spatial Temporal Asset Catalog (STAC) specification. The growing body of standards and tools in the Analysis Ready Data ecosystem is making it easier for broader audiences and developers alike to discover, process, and analyze geospatial data.

Increasing the availability of granular remotely sensed nighttime light observations opens the door to new possibilities to understand how the Earth is changing, and to utilize these insights to improve decision making , to guide policy, to deliver services, and to improve governance in near real-time. The LEN data and ecosystem of tools and tutorials will continue to evolve and are already being used towards many applications in the World Bank.

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