In recent years, data governance and management have been codified into statute via The Foundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act2 (Evidence Act) that requires every executive branch agency to establish a Chief Data Officer (CDO) and identifies three pillars of work for which the CDO bears responsibility: data governance; the Open, Public, Electronic, and Necessary (OPEN) Government Data Act3; and the Paperwork Reduction Act4 (PRA).
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Data lifecycle management is the development, execution, and supervision of plans, policies, programs, and practices that deliver, control, protect, and enhance the value of data and information assets throughout their lifecycles8. Data management in the context of this guide focuses on the data lifecycle as it moves through an AI project.
Data management activities start with identifying and selecting data sources, framed in the context of business goals, mission-defined use cases, or project objectives. As you identify data sources, have engineering teams integrate them into the overall data flow, either through data ingestion or remote access methods. Include a clear description of the data through relevant metadata with datasets as they are published.
One example of data lifecycle management is standardizing metadata captured for new data sources by populating a data card used to describe the data.9 Each dataset should contain common interoperable metadata elements that include, but are not limited to, the following:
The DAMA International Data Management Body of Knowledge (DAMA-DMBOK) is a comprehensive framework for data management. It was created by DAMA International, a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing the concepts and practices of data management.
The DAMA-DMBOK framework aims to provide best practices, guidelines, and a common language for data management professionals. It covers various aspects of data management, organized into ten core knowledge areas. They are:
The DAMA-DMBOK can serve as a valuable resource to create a data governance framework for your organization. It can help you establish a comprehensive and consistent approach to data management across different teams and verticals, preventing data silos and facilitating data integration.
Many organizations, especially large enterprises and government agencies, have adopted or adapted the DAMA-DMBOK framework to improve their data management. These organizations span a variety of industries, such as finance, healthcare, telecommunications, retail, and public sector.
COBIT is an IT governance framework developed by ISACA, focusing on aligning IT processes with business goals. While it is not solely a data governance framework, it includes elements related to data management and governance.
This ISO 8000 international standard series focuses on data quality and provides a set of principles, guidelines, and requirements for data management. While not a comprehensive data governance framework, it can complement other frameworks by providing guidance on data quality management.
Developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), this framework provides guidelines for the effective management of big data. It includes a focus on data governance, addressing aspects like data provenance, data quality, and data security.
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