I am a catholic christian and biology teacher and I have studied a bit
in the matter. My view is, that evolution is a scientifical theory,
and nothing more than that. There is no hard proof and the theory has
many flaws. I don't have to be a christian to come to this conclusion:
during my biology sties in Utrecht, the Netherlands (
www.uu.nl) my
professor in evolutionary biology admitted that the theory has more
uncertainties than certainties. We just don't know very wel what
happenend, from a scientifical point of view, and is is hard to find
evidence for a lot of evolutionary hypothesis, and most of the time
practically impossible. For instance: there is no way in proving
scientifically that men evolved from a common ancestor that we would
have with the apes. It is only supposed by many 'believers' in
evolution. And even the idea that species would have evolved from
other species is not proven. It is mere speculation. From a
scientifical point of view, I have no problem with speculation, on the
condition that speculation is not being presented aks factual
information. This happens often and it is not scientifical.
From a religious point of view, there is no doubt in my mind that God
exists. I relate to Hem every day of my life and I have had to many
experiences of his existence and his personal love for me and for all
people, as well as for the entire creation, that I don't find it
reasonable anymore to doubt his existence. And if He exists, I can't
think of Him otherwise that of the first cause of all existence as we
know it, and also of it's final goal. The history of philosophy has
often affirmed this existence of God, although it has been denied
also. But there is also the history of revelation, written down by
especially Jews and Christians throughout the ages, with compelling
testimonies of God's action in history and in the lives of nations and
individual groups of people. In the center of this written account is
the bible. So there is much evidence that God exists, although it is
nod scientifical evidence, because God is not a thing or an energy
that we can measure; He goes beyond our level of perception and
reasoning. He is the cause of things and the intelligence 'par
excellence' after which we have been created. He is God and we are
'only' humans. As intelligent, self conscientious species, we are made
after his image, in the science that we have the personal characters
of God: a free will, the ability to think about life and about
ourselves, intelligent communication and abstraction, to love and to
relate to other people, and even to God by prayer and spiritual life.
When you have to confront this belief, which is rather a certainty
then a speculatiuon, with evolutionary biology, their are a few things
that come to my mind:
- it is not certain that we should interpret the first chapters of the
bible in a very literal way, as if it is a factual historical account
of the things that happened at the beginning of time, in six days as
we know our days by now. It is also not certain that these creation
accounts have no historical value at all and are mere poems or song
texts for liturgical use by the jewish people. The latter is more or
less certain: these are texts that were used in a liturgical
context,so for worship; and not in a sort of scientific context. But I
don't agree in evacuating any historical, factual, meaning of the
texts. But biological science dates from about the end of the middle
ages, and these texts may be a thousand years older that biological
science. So it is not evident that we would have to interpret them
literally, as if the bible is a biology handbook.
- when we consider God as a creator, it comes to my mind that God is
beyond time and space, and not made up of matter or energy. Theology
and philosophy make a clear distinction between the transcendental
reality (the reality of God and 'the things of God like heaven,
angles, etc). and the immanent reality (the cosmos, time, space,
matter, energy, biological life, human life). And is is clear from
scriptural thought thought that God gives to his creation a certain
independence in development. Normally, God does not intervene in
creation, because creation is good enough to go its way according to
natural laws that guide it. This is the wisdom by which creation is
made, according to the psalm, number 104. This relative independence
leads in the end to the human race, that is free to choose, in every
day life, but also in its relationship with its creator. We are, for
instance, free to believe or not. And to act morally good or bad. God
has great confidence in his creation, and also a lot of patience with
us: He does not fall from heaven in anger when I forget about Him for
a while. He respects our freedom. On the other hand, creation depends
on God in its existence. If God would only for one second not love us
and all universe, it would sort of collapse into non-existence. So
from a theological point of view, as well as from certain
philosophical stand points, it is evident that God is the creator, and
THAT the world in which we live is created by one transcendent,
personal and loving God.
- A whole other question is HOW EXACTLY God did it. One thin is
certain: he did it 'ex nihilo', 'from out of nothing'. This is
confirmed by revelation (the bible), philosophical thought and by the
big bang theory, or at least not with spoken by science. What happened
afterwards is object of further studies. Exegetical studies: how do we
have to interpret the biblical accounts for creation, what historical
value to attribute to them; and from a scientific point of view:
cosmology, geological history, posihle explanations for bioldiversity
and it's coming into being on earth.
- From a philosophical point of view, it is impossible to think of
reality, both divine and earthly as having more then one truth. If
truth is trugh, then, eventially, there can only be one, that includes
many truths that only apparently may contradict, beca-sue of wrong
assumptions of conclusions by men. So if there seams to be
contradiction between evolutionary theory and creational beliefs,
their must be something wrong in one of them or in both. Maybe we
think of God as a sort of technical engineer that made up molecules.
This is not the case, because God is not a natural cause, but a
supernatural cause of existence. Maybe we think of evolution as a
automatic process where their is no God needed. Then we are in the
field of atheistic evolutionary thought, which is not any longer
biological thought, but a philosophical or even theological
assumption. And it is even more difficult to proof the non-existence
of God then to prove evolution.
- So the best thing in my mind is to met theological thought and
biological evolutionary thought develop and let them try to relate to
each other, without confusion between transcendental an natural causes
for life. The intermediate level of thought between biology and
theology ios philosophy, and it is important to be very careful in not
mixing things up. The philosophical enterprise in these questions must
be of a very high quality.
Conlusion
- their is not real contradiction between Christian, biblical thought
on creation, their are only paradoxes; things that seem to be in
contradiction: they need further thought and examination.
- evolution is only a theory, very popular for the moment, and maybe
true, but we don't know; and it denies in no way the idea of a
personal loving God, creator of heaven and earth, supernatural cause
of our existence.
- so believing is God is reasonable, because their is a lot of
historical, facti-ual evidence for his existence and is love;
believing in evolution is acceptable as far as we realize ourselves
that many question remain unanswered. So I personally would advise
people to simply say: I don(t know whether evolution took place.
Maybe.
Vincent Kemme